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设置 IMA SDK for DAI

借助 IMA SDK，您可以轻松将多媒体广告集成到您的网站和应用中。IMA SDK 可以从任何与 VAST 兼容的广告服务器请求广告，并管理应用中的广告播放。借助 IMA DAI SDK，应用可以针对广告和内容视频（VOD 或直播内容）发出流式传输请求。然后，SDK 会返回一个合并的视频串流，这样您就不必在应用中管理广告视频和内容视频之间的切换。

选择您感兴趣的 DAI 解决方案

全方位 DAI

本指南介绍了如何将 IMA DAI SDK 集成到简单的视频播放器应用中。如果您想查看或跟随完成的示例集成，请从 GitHub 下载 BasicExample。

IMA DAI 概览

实现 IMA DAI 涉及四个主要 SDK 组件，如本指南中所示：

StreamDisplayContainer：位于视频播放元素之上并包含广告界面元素的容器对象。
AdsLoader：请求数据流并处理由数据流请求响应对象触发的事件的对象。您应仅实例化一个广告加载器，该加载器可在应用的整个生命周期内重复使用。
StreamRequest：用于定义数据流请求的对象。流式传输请求可以是视频点播或直播。直播请求指定素材资源键，而 VOD 请求指定 CMS ID 和视频 ID。这两种请求类型都可以选择包含访问指定串流所需的 API 密钥，以及一个 Google Ad Manager 广告资源网代码，以便 IMA SDK 处理 Google Ad Manager 设置中指定的广告标识符。
StreamManager：用于处理动态广告插播数据流和与 DAI 后端的互动的对象。直播管理器还会处理跟踪 ping，并将直播和广告事件转发给发布商。

前提条件

Android Studio
用于 SDK 集成的视频播放器应用示例

下载并运行视频播放器示例应用

示例应用提供了一个可播放 HLS 视频的视频播放器。将其用作集成 IMA DAI SDK 的 DAI 功能的起点。

下载示例视频播放器应用并将其解压缩。
启动 Android Studio，然后选择 Open an existing Android Studio project；如果 Android Studio 已在运行，请依次选择 File > New > Import Project。然后选择 SampleVideoPlayer/build.gradle。
依次选择 Tools > Android > Sync Project with Gradle Files 以运行 Gradle 同步。
确保使用 Run > Run 'app' 在实体 Android 设备或 Android 虚拟设备上编译和运行播放器应用。视频串流需要几秒钟的时间加载后才能播放，这是正常现象。

查看示例视频播放器

示例视频播放器尚不包含任何 IMA DAI SDK 集成代码。示例应用由以下两个主要部分组成：

samplevideoplayer/SampleVideoPlayer.java：基于 ExoPlayer 的 HLS 播放器，可用作 IMA DAI 集成的基础。
videoplayerapp/MyActivity.java：此 activity 会创建视频播放器，并向其传递 Context 和 media3.ui.PlayerView。

将 IMA DAI SDK 添加到播放器应用

您还必须添加对 IMA DAI SDK 的引用。在 Android Studio 中，将以下代码添加到位于 app/build.gradle 的应用级 build.gradle 文件中：

repositories {
    google()
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    def media3_version = "1.5.1"
    implementation(platform("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-bom:1.8.0"))
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.7.0'
    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-ui:$media3_version"
    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer:$media3_version"
    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-hls:$media3_version"
    implementation "androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer-dash:$media3_version"
    implementation 'androidx.mediarouter:mediarouter:1.7.0'
    implementation 'com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3:interactivemedia:3.36.0'build.gradle

集成 IMA DAI SDK

在 videoplayerapp 软件包（app/java/com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples/videoplayerapp/ 中）中创建一个名为 SampleAdsWrapper 的新类，用于封装现有的 SampleVideoPlayer 并添加实现 IMA DAI 的逻辑。为此，您必须先创建一个用于请求 DAI 数据流的 AdsLoader。

此代码段包含 HLS 和 DASH、直播和 VOD 流的示例参数。如需设置正在播放的直播，请更新 CONTENT_TYPE 变量。

package com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.videoplayerapp;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdErrorEvent;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdEvent;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsLoader;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsManagerLoadedEvent;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.CuePoint;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkFactory;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamDisplayContainer;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamManager;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamRequest;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamRequest.StreamFormat;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoProgressUpdate;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoStreamPlayer;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.samplevideoplayer.SampleVideoPlayer;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.samplevideoplayer.SampleVideoPlayer.SampleVideoPlayerCallback;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

/** This class adds ad-serving support to Sample HlsVideoPlayer */
@SuppressLint("UnsafeOptInUsageError")
/* @SuppressLint is needed for new media3 APIs. */
public class SampleAdsWrapper
    implements AdEvent.AdEventListener, AdErrorEvent.AdErrorListener, AdsLoader.AdsLoadedListener {

  // Live HLS stream asset key.
  private static final String TEST_HLS_ASSET_KEY = "c-rArva4ShKVIAkNfy6HUQ";

  // Live DASH stream asset key.
  private static final String TEST_DASH_ASSET_KEY = "PSzZMzAkSXCmlJOWDmRj8Q";

  // VOD HLS content source and video IDs.
  private static final String TEST_HLS_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID = "2548831";
  private static final String TEST_HLS_VIDEO_ID = "tears-of-steel";

  // VOD DASH content source and video IDs.
  private static final String TEST_DASH_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID = "2559737";
  private static final String TEST_DASH_VIDEO_ID = "tos-dash";

  private static final String NETWORK_CODE = "21775744923";

  private static final String PLAYER_TYPE = "DAISamplePlayer";

  private enum ContentType {
    LIVE_HLS,
    LIVE_DASH,
    VOD_HLS,
    VOD_DASH,
  }

  // Set CONTENT_TYPE to the associated enum for the stream type you would like to test.
  private static final ContentType CONTENT_TYPE = ContentType.VOD_HLS;

  /** Log interface, so we can output the log commands to the UI or similar. */
  public interface Logger {
    void log(String logMessage);
  }

  private final ImaSdkFactory sdkFactory;
  private AdsLoader adsLoader;
  private StreamManager streamManager;
  private final List<VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback> playerCallbacks;

  private final SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer;
  private final Context context;
  private final ViewGroup adUiContainer;

  private String fallbackUrl;
  private Logger logger;

  /**
   * Creates a new SampleAdsWrapper that implements IMA direct-ad-insertion.
   *
   * @param context the app's context.
   * @param videoPlayer underlying HLS video player.
   * @param adUiContainer ViewGroup in which to display the ad's UI.
   */
  public SampleAdsWrapper(Context context, SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer, ViewGroup adUiContainer) {
    this.videoPlayer = videoPlayer;
    this.context = context;
    this.adUiContainer = adUiContainer;
    sdkFactory = ImaSdkFactory.getInstance();
    playerCallbacks = new ArrayList<>();
    createAdsLoader();
  }

  private void enableWebViewDebugging() {
    WebView.setWebContentsDebuggingEnabled(true);
  }

  private void createAdsLoader() {
    enableWebViewDebugging();
    VideoStreamPlayer videoStreamPlayer = createVideoStreamPlayer();
    StreamDisplayContainer displayContainer =
        ImaSdkFactory.createStreamDisplayContainer(adUiContainer, videoStreamPlayer);
    videoPlayer.setSampleVideoPlayerCallback(createSampleVideoPlayerCallback());
    adsLoader =
        sdkFactory.createAdsLoader(context, MyActivity.getImaSdkSettings(), displayContainer);
  }

  public void requestAndPlayAds() {
    adsLoader.addAdErrorListener(this);
    adsLoader.addAdsLoadedListener(this);
    adsLoader.requestStream(buildStreamRequest());
  }
SampleAdsWrapper.java

创建一个 createSampleVideoPlayerCallback() 辅助方法，用于处理创建扩展 VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback 的 SampleVideoPlayerCallback 接口实例。

如需使用 DAI，播放器必须将直播的 ID3 事件传递给 IMA DAI SDK。以下示例代码中的 callback.onUserTextReceived() 方法会执行此操作。

private SampleVideoPlayerCallback createSampleVideoPlayerCallback() {
  return new SampleVideoPlayerCallback() {
    @Override
    public void onUserTextReceived(String userText) {
      for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
        callback.onUserTextReceived(userText);
      }
    }

    @Override
    public void onSeek(int windowIndex, long positionMs) {
      // See if we would seek past an ad, and if so, jump back to it.
      long newSeekPositionMs = positionMs;
      if (streamManager != null) {
        CuePoint prevCuePoint = streamManager.getPreviousCuePointForStreamTimeMs(positionMs);
        if (prevCuePoint != null && !prevCuePoint.isPlayed()) {
          newSeekPositionMs = prevCuePoint.getStartTimeMs();
        }
      }
      videoPlayer.seekTo(windowIndex, newSeekPositionMs);
    }

    @Override
    public void onContentComplete() {
      for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
        callback.onContentComplete();
      }
    }

    @Override
    public void onPause() {
      for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
        callback.onPause();
      }
    }

    @Override
    public void onResume() {
      for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
        callback.onResume();
      }
    }

    @Override
    public void onVolumeChanged(int percentage) {
      for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
        callback.onVolumeChanged(percentage);
      }
    }
  };
}
SampleAdsWrapper.java

添加 buildStreamRequest() 方法以创建 SteamRequest。此方法会根据您设置 CONTENT_TYPE 变量的方式在不同数据流之间切换。本指南中使用的默认串流是 IMA 的 VOD HLS 示例串流。

@Nullable
private StreamRequest buildStreamRequest() {
  StreamRequest request;
  switch (CONTENT_TYPE) {
    case LIVE_HLS:
      // Live HLS stream request.
      return sdkFactory.createLiveStreamRequest(TEST_HLS_ASSET_KEY, null, NETWORK_CODE);
    case LIVE_DASH:
      // Live DASH stream request.
      return sdkFactory.createLiveStreamRequest(TEST_DASH_ASSET_KEY, null, NETWORK_CODE);
    case VOD_HLS:
      // VOD HLS request.
      request =
          sdkFactory.createVodStreamRequest(
              TEST_HLS_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID, TEST_HLS_VIDEO_ID, null, NETWORK_CODE);
      request.setFormat(StreamFormat.HLS);
      return request;
    case VOD_DASH:
      // VOD DASH request.
      request =
          sdkFactory.createVodStreamRequest(
              TEST_DASH_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID, TEST_DASH_VIDEO_ID, null, NETWORK_CODE);
      request.setFormat(StreamFormat.DASH);
      return request;
  }
  // Content type not selected.
  return null;
}
SampleAdsWrapper.java

您还需要一个 VideoStreamPlayer 来播放数据流，因此请添加一个 createVideoStreamPlayer() 方法，该方法会创建一个实现 VideoStreamPlayer 的匿名类。

private VideoStreamPlayer createVideoStreamPlayer() {
  return new VideoStreamPlayer() {
    @Override
    public void loadUrl(String url, List<HashMap<String, String>> subtitles) {
      videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(url);
      videoPlayer.play();
    }

    @Override
    public void pause() {
      // Pause player.
      videoPlayer.pause();
    }

    @Override
    public void resume() {
      // Resume player.
      videoPlayer.play();
    }

    @Override
    public int getVolume() {
      // Make the video player play at the current device volume.
      return 100;
    }

    @Override
    public void addCallback(VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
      playerCallbacks.add(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeCallback(VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
      playerCallbacks.remove(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
    }

    @Override
    public void onAdBreakStarted() {
      // Disable player controls.
      videoPlayer.enableControls(false);
      log("Ad Break Started\n");
    }

    @Override
    public void onAdBreakEnded() {
      // Re-enable player controls.
      if (videoPlayer != null) {
        videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
      }
      log("Ad Break Ended\n");
    }

    @Override
    public void onAdPeriodStarted() {
      log("Ad Period Started\n");
    }

    @Override
    public void onAdPeriodEnded() {
      log("Ad Period Ended\n");
    }

    @Override
    public void seek(long timeMs) {
      // An ad was skipped. Skip to the content time.
      videoPlayer.seekTo(timeMs);
      log("seek");
    }

    @Override
    public VideoProgressUpdate getContentProgress() {
      return new VideoProgressUpdate(
          videoPlayer.getCurrentPositionMs(), videoPlayer.getDuration());
    }
  };
}
SampleAdsWrapper.java

实现所需的监听器，并添加对错误处理的支持。

请注意 AdErrorListener 实现，因为如果广告无法播放，它会调用后备网址。由于内容和广告位于一个串流中，因此如果 DAI 串流遇到错误，您必须准备好调用后备串流。

/** AdErrorListener implementation */
@Override
public void onAdError(AdErrorEvent event) {
  log(String.format("Error: %s\n", event.getError().getMessage()));
  // play fallback URL.
  log("Playing fallback Url\n");
  videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(fallbackUrl);
  videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
  videoPlayer.play();
}

/** AdEventListener implementation */
@Override
public void onAdEvent(AdEvent event) {
  switch (event.getType()) {
    case AD_PROGRESS:
      // Do nothing or else log will be filled by these messages.
      break;
    default:
      log(String.format("Event: %s\n", event.getType()));
      break;
  }
}

/** AdsLoadedListener implementation */
@Override
public void onAdsManagerLoaded(AdsManagerLoadedEvent event) {
  streamManager = event.getStreamManager();
  streamManager.addAdErrorListener(this);
  streamManager.addAdEventListener(this);
  streamManager.init();
}

/** Sets fallback URL in case ads stream fails. */
void setFallbackUrl(String url) {
  fallbackUrl = url;
}
SampleAdsWrapper.java

添加用于日志记录的代码。

/** Sets logger for displaying events to screen. Optional. */
void setLogger(Logger logger) {
  this.logger = logger;
}

private void log(String message) {
  if (logger != null) {
    logger.log(message);
  }
}SampleAdsWrapper.java

修改 videoplayerapp 中的 MyActivity 以实例化并调用 SampleAdsWrapper。此外，在此处使用辅助方法调用 ImaSdkFactory.initialize() 以创建 ImaSdkSettings 实例。

重要提示：为缩短 IMA 加载时间，请尽早在应用生命周期内调用 ImaSdkFactory.initialize() 方法。尽早调用此方法可最大限度地延长 IMA 在首次流式传输请求之前加载必要资源的时间。ImaSdkFactory.initialize() 方法调用接受 ImaSdkSettings 实例。请务必在此处和创建 AdsLoader 实例时使用相同的设置值。此示例使用 getImaSdkSettings() 辅助方法来确保设置值相同。如需了解详情，请参阅“优化 IMA 加载时间”指南>。

package com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.videoplayerapp;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.ScrollView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkFactory;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkSettings;
import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.samplevideoplayer.SampleVideoPlayer;

/** Main Activity that plays media using {@link SampleVideoPlayer}. */
@SuppressLint("UnsafeOptInUsageError")
/* @SuppressLint is needed for new media3 APIs. */
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

  private static final String DEFAULT_STREAM_URL =
      "https://storage.googleapis.com/interactive-media-ads/media/bbb.m3u8";
  private static final String APP_LOG_TAG = "ImaDaiExample";
  private static final String PLAYER_TYPE = "DAISamplePlayer";
  private static ImaSdkSettings imaSdkSettings;

  protected SampleVideoPlayer sampleVideoPlayer;
  protected ImageButton playButton;

  private boolean contentHasStarted = false;

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_my);

    // Initialize the IMA SDK as early as possible when the app starts. If your app already
    // overrides Application.onCreate(), call this method inside the onCreate() method.
    // https://developer.android.com/topic/performance/vitals/launch-time#app-creation
    ImaSdkFactory.getInstance().initialize(this, getImaSdkSettings());

    View rootView = findViewById(R.id.videoLayout);
    sampleVideoPlayer =
        new SampleVideoPlayer(rootView.getContext(), rootView.findViewById(R.id.playerView));
    sampleVideoPlayer.enableControls(false);
    playButton = rootView.findViewById(R.id.playButton);
    final SampleAdsWrapper sampleAdsWrapper =
        new SampleAdsWrapper(this, sampleVideoPlayer, rootView.findViewById(R.id.adUiContainer));
    sampleAdsWrapper.setFallbackUrl(DEFAULT_STREAM_URL);

    final ScrollView scrollView = findViewById(R.id.logScroll);
    final TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.logText);

    sampleAdsWrapper.setLogger(
        logMessage -> {
          Log.i(APP_LOG_TAG, logMessage);
          if (textView != null) {
            textView.append(logMessage);
          }
          if (scrollView != null) {
            scrollView.post(() -> scrollView.fullScroll(View.FOCUS_DOWN));
          }
        });

    // Set up play button listener to play video then hide play button.
    playButton.setOnClickListener(
        view -> {
          if (contentHasStarted) {
            sampleVideoPlayer.play();
          } else {
            contentHasStarted = true;
            sampleVideoPlayer.enableControls(true);
            sampleAdsWrapper.requestAndPlayAds();
          }
          playButton.setVisibility(View.GONE);
        });
    orientVideoDescription(getResources().getConfiguration().orientation);
  }
MyActivity.java

添加 getImaSdkSettings() 辅助方法以创建 ImaSdkSettings 实例。

public static ImaSdkSettings getImaSdkSettings() {
  if (imaSdkSettings == null) {
    imaSdkSettings = ImaSdkFactory.getInstance().createImaSdkSettings();
    imaSdkSettings.setPlayerType(PLAYER_TYPE);
    // Set any additional IMA SDK settings here.
  }
  return imaSdkSettings;
}MyActivity.java

修改 activity 的布局文件 activity_my.xml，以添加用于日志记录的界面元素。

<!-- UI element for viewing SDK event log -->
<ScrollView
    android:id="@+id/logScroll"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="0.5"
    android:padding="5dp"
    android:background="#DDDDDD">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/logText"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
    </TextView>
</ScrollView>activity_my.xml

恭喜！现在，您可以在 Android 应用中请求和展示视频广告了。如需优化植入，请参阅书签、返回和 API 文档。

问题排查

如果您在播放视频广告时遇到问题，请尝试下载已完成的 BasicExample。如果它在 BasicExample 中正常运行，则应用的 IMA 集成代码可能存在问题。

如果您仍然遇到问题，请访问 IMA SDK 论坛。