所需的授权范围
photoslibrary.readonly 范围允许访问用户媒体库中的所有媒体内容。
若要搜索应用创建的内容并对其应用过滤条件,需要 photoslibrary.readonly.appcreateddata 范围。如需详细了解范围,请参阅授权范围。
可用过滤器
您可以在用户的应用创建的媒体内容库中搜索特定类型的媒体。例如,您可能只想查找特定日期的动物相关内容,或者可能想要排除收据照片。您可以在影集或媒体库列表中应用过滤器,从而排除或添加特定内容。根据媒体内容属性,提供以下五种可用的过滤器:
- 内容类别 (
includedContentCategories、excludedContentCategories) - 日期和日期范围(
dates、ranges) - 功能 (
featureFilter) - 媒体类型 (
mediaTypeFilter) - 已归档状态 (
includeArchivedMedia)
如果已设置 albumId,则不应在 mediaItems.search 请求中使用过滤器。如果在已设置 photosId 时使用过滤条件,系统会返回 INVALID_ARGUMENT 错误 (400)。
结果会按媒体内容创建时间排序。对于使用日期过滤条件的查询,可以修改排序顺序。
新上传的媒体需过一段时间后才能出现在搜索结果中,媒体会立即显示在未经过滤的搜索结果中。
若媒体内容的日期是未来日期,则其不会出现在已过滤的搜索结果中。但会出现在未经过滤的搜索结果以及影集搜索结果中。
应用过滤器
如需应用过滤器,请调用 mediaItems.search 并指定 filter 属性。
REST
以下是 POST 请求:
POST https://photoslibrary.googleapis.com/v1/mediaItems:search Content-type: application/json Authorization: Bearer oauth2-token { "pageSize": "100", "filters": { ... } }
POST 请求会返回以下响应:
{
"mediaItems": [
...
],
"nextPageToken": "token-for-pagination"
}Java
try { // Create a new Filter object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() // .setContentFilter(...) // .setDateFilter(...) // ... .build(); // Specify the Filter object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters); for (MediaItem item : response.iterateAll()) { // ... } } catch (ApiException e) { // Handle error }
PHP
try { $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); // $filtersBuilder->addIncludedCategory(...); // $filtersBuilder->addDate(...); // ... // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] ); foreach ($response->iterateAllElements() as $element) { // ... } } catch (\Google\ApiCore\ApiException $e) { // Handle error }
有关详情,请参阅列出媒体库内容、影集和媒体内容。
内容分类
您需处理所有媒体内容并为其分配标签。您可以添加和排除以下任何类别。
ANIMALS |
FASHION |
LANDMARKS |
RECEIPTS |
WEDDINGS |
ARTS |
FLOWERS |
LANDSCAPES |
SCREENSHOTS |
WHITEBOARDS |
BIRTHDAYS |
FOOD |
NIGHT |
SELFIES |
|
CITYSCAPES |
GARDENS |
PEOPLE |
SPORT |
|
CRAFTS |
HOLIDAYS |
PERFORMANCES |
TRAVEL |
|
DOCUMENTS |
HOUSES |
PETS |
UTILITY |
实用助手照片涵盖大量媒体内容。此类别通常包含用户为执行某项任务而捕获的内容,且完成该任务后可能就不再需要这些内容,其中包括文档、收据、屏幕截图、便笺、菜单及其他类似的媒体内容。
这些类别的准确性仅与 Google 相册内的同等标签相同。有时,项的标签可能有误,因此,我们不保证内容类别过滤器的准确性。
添加类别
如果您添加多个类别,则返回结果会包含与任一类别匹配的媒体内容。每个请求最多可包含 10 个类别。
以下示例过滤器将返回 LANDSCAPES 或 LANDMARKS 类别的所有内容。
REST
{
"filters": {
"contentFilter": {
"includedContentCategories": [
"LANDSCAPES",
"LANDMARKS"
]
}
}
}Java
// Create a content filter that includes landmarks and landscapes ContentFilter contentFilter = ContentFilter.newBuilder() .addIncludedContentCategories(ContentCategory.LANDMARKS) .addIncludedContentCategories(ContentCategory.LANDSCAPES) .build(); // Create a new Filters object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setContentFilter(contentFilter) .build(); // Specify the Filter object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create a content filter that includes landmarks and landscapes $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); $filtersBuilder->addIncludedCategory(ContentCategory::LANDMARKS); $filtersBuilder->addIncludedCategory(ContentCategory::LANDSCAPES); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
排除类别
返回结果仅显示与任一已排除类别不匹配的媒体内容。 与添加的类别类似,每个请求最多可排除 10 个类别。
以下过滤器将返回不属于 PEOPLE 或 SELFIES 类别的所有内容:
REST
{
"filters": {
"contentFilter": {
"excludedContentCategories": [
"PEOPLE",
"SELFIES"
]
}
}
}Java
// Create a content filter that excludes people and selfies ContentFilter contentFilter = ContentFilter.newBuilder() .addExcludedContentCategories(ContentCategory.PEOPLE) .addExcludedContentCategories(ContentCategory.SELFIES) .build(); // Create a new Filters object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setContentFilter(contentFilter) .build(); // Specify the Filter object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create a content filter that excludes people and selfies $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); $filtersBuilder->addExcludedCategory(ContentCategory::PEOPLE); $filtersBuilder->addExcludedCategory(ContentCategory::SELFIES); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
添加和排除多个类别
您可以添加一些类别并排除其他类别。以下示例会返回 LANDSCAPES 和 LANDMARKS,但会移除包含 PEOPLE 或 SELFIES 的所有媒体内容:
REST
{
"filters": {
"contentFilter": {
"includedContentCategories": [
"LANDSCAPES",
"LANDMARKS"
],
"excludedContentCategories": [
"PEOPLE",
"SELFIES"
]
}
}
}Java
// Create a content filter that excludes people and selfies and includes landmarks and landscapes ContentFilter contentFilter = ContentFilter.newBuilder() .addIncludedContentCategories(ContentCategory.LANDSCAPES) .addIncludedContentCategories(ContentCategory.LANDMARKS) .addExcludedContentCategories(ContentCategory.PEOPLE) .addExcludedContentCategories(ContentCategory.SELFIES) .build(); // Create a new Filters object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setContentFilter(contentFilter) .build(); // Specify the Filters object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create a content filter that excludes people and selfies and includes landmarks and landscapes $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); $filtersBuilder->addIncludedCategory(ContentCategory::LANDMARKS); $filtersBuilder->addIncludedCategory(ContentCategory::LANDSCAPES); $filtersBuilder->addExcludedCategory(ContentCategory::PEOPLE); $filtersBuilder->addExcludedCategory(ContentCategory::SELFIES); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
日期和日期范围
日期过滤器可将返回结果的日期限制为指定的日期范围。有两种方法可指定日期过滤器:指定日期或指定日期范围。日期和范围可以一起使用。系统会返回与任意日期或日期范围匹配的媒体内容。(可选)您可以修改结果的排序顺序。
日期
包含年、月和日的日期。以下为可接受的格式:
- 年
- 年,月
- 年,月,日
- 月,日
- 月
如果日期的某个部分为空或设为 0,则将其视为通配符。例如,如果设置日和月,而未设置年,则您请求的是任一年该月该日的内容:
REST
{
"filters": {
"dateFilter": {
"dates": [
{
"month": 2,
"day": 15
}
]
}
}
}Java
// Create a new com.google.type.Date object using a builder // Note that there are different valid combinations as described above Date dayFebruary15 = Date.newBuilder() .setDay(15) .setMonth(2) .build(); // Create a new dateFilter. You can also set multiple dates here DateFilter dateFilter = DateFilter.newBuilder() .addDates(dayFebruary15) .build(); // Create a new Filters object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setDateFilter(dateFilter) .build(); // Specify the Filters object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create a new Google\Type\Date object with a day and a month // Note that there are different valid combinations as described above $dateFebruary15 = new Date(); $dateFebruary15->setDay(15); $dateFebruary15->setMonth(2); $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); // Add the date to the filter. You can also set multiple dates here $filtersBuilder->addDate($dateFebruary15); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
日期范围
日期范围比日期更加灵活。例如,您可以使用日期范围查看某个月的一组日期。
日期范围包含 startDate 和 endDate,且必须同时设置二者。如日期中所述,日期范围内的每个日期均具有相同的格式限制。这些日期必须具有相同的格式:如果开始日期包含年和月,则结束日期也必须包含年和月。此限制适用于所应用过滤器中的整个日期范围,包括开始日期和结束日期:
REST
{
"filters": {
"dateFilter": {
"ranges": [
{
"startDate": {
"year": 2014,
"month": 6,
"day": 12
},
"endDate": {
"year": 2014,
"month": 7,
"day": 13
}
}
]
}
}
}Java
// Create new com.google.type.Date objects for two dates Date day2014June12 = Date.newBuilder() .setDay(12) .setMonth(6) .setYear(2014) .build(); Date day2014July13 = Date.newBuilder() .setDay(13) .setMonth(7) .setYear(2014) .build(); // Create a DateRange from these two dates DateRange dateRange = DateRange.newBuilder() .setStartDate(day2014June12) .setEndDate(day2014July13) .build(); // Create a new dateFilter with the date range. You can also set multiple date ranges here DateFilter dateFilter = DateFilter.newBuilder() .addRanges(dateRange) .build(); // Create a new Filters object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setDateFilter(dateFilter) .build(); // Specify the Filters object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create two new Google\Type\Date objects $date2014June12 = new Date(); $date2014June12->setDay(12); $date2014June12->setMonth(6); $date2014June12->setYear(2014); $date2014July13 = new Date(); $date2014July13->setDay(13); $date2014July13->setMonth(7); $date2014July13->setYear(2014); // Add the two dates as a date range to the filter // You can also set multiple date ranges here $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); $filtersBuilder->addDateRange($date2014June12, $date2014July13); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
组合日期和日期范围
您可以同时使用多个日期和日期范围,结果中将包含这些日期内的所有内容。单独的日期和日期范围不需要采用相同的格式,但各个范围的开始日期和结束日期需要遵循:
REST
{
"filters": {
"dateFilter": {
"dates": [
{
"year": 2013
},
{
"year": 2011,
"month": 11
}
],
"ranges": [
{
"startDate": {
"month": 1
},
"endDate": {
"month": 3
}
},
{
"startDate": {
"month": 3,
"day": 24
},
"endDate": {
"month": 5,
"day": 2
}
}
]
}
}
}Java
// Create a new com.google.type.Date object for the year 2013 Date day2013 = Date.newBuilder() .setYear(2013) .build(); // Create a new com.google.type.Date object for November 2011 Date day2011November = Date.newBuilder() .setMonth(11) .setYear(2011) .build(); // Create a date range for January to March DateRange dateRangeJanuaryToMarch = DateRange.newBuilder() .setStartDate(Date.newBuilder().setMonth(1).build()) .setEndDate(Date.newBuilder().setMonth(3).build()) .build(); // Create a date range for March 24 to May 2 DateRange dateRangeMarch24toMay2 = DateRange.newBuilder() .setStartDate(Date.newBuilder().setMonth(3).setDay(24).build()) .setEndDate(Date.newBuilder().setMonth(5).setDay(2).build()) .build(); // Create a new dateFilter with the dates and date ranges DateFilter dateFilter = DateFilter.newBuilder() .addDates(day2013) .addDates(day2011November) .addRanges(dateRangeJanuaryToMarch) .addRanges(dateRangeMarch24toMay2) .build(); // Create a new Filters object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setDateFilter(dateFilter) .build(); // Specify the Filter object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create a new Google\Type\Date object for the year 2013 $date2013 = new Date(); $date2013->setYear(2013); // Create a new Google\Type\Date object for November 2011 $dateNovember2011 = new Date(); $dateNovember2011->setMonth(11); $dateNovember2011->setYear(2011); $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); // Create a date range for January to March $filtersBuilder->addDateRange((new Date())->setMonth(1), (new Date())->setMonth(3)); // Create a date range for March 24 to May 2 $filtersBuilder->addDateRange((new Date())->setMonth(3)->setDay(24), (new Date())->setMonth(5)->setDay(2)); $filtersBuilder->addDate($date2013); $filtersBuilder->addDate($dateNovember2011); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
媒体内容功能
功能过滤条件将结果限制为具有特定特征的内容,例如已在 Google 相册应用中标记为收藏夹的内容。
收藏
在 FeatureFilter 中添加 FAVORITES 项功能,以便仅返回由用户标记为收藏的媒体内容:
REST
{
"filters" : {
"featureFilter": {
"includedFeatures": [
"FAVORITES"
]
}
}
}Java
// Create a new FeatureFilter for favorite media items FeatureFilter featureFilter = FeatureFilter.newBuilder() .addIncludedFeatures(Feature.FAVORITES) .build(); // Create a new Filters object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setFeatureFilter(featureFilter) .build(); // Specify the Filters object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create a new FeatureFilter for favorite media items $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); $filtersBuilder->addIncludedFeature(Feature::FAVORITES); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
媒体类型
照片
PHOTO 可以为以下任一图片格式:
| BMP | JPG |
| GIF | PNG |
| HEIC | TIFF |
| ICO | WEBP |
它还包括特殊照片类型,例如 iOS Live Photo、动态照片、全景图片、Photo Sphere 照片和 VR 照片。
视频
VIDEO 可以是多种视频格式:
| 3GP | 综合格斗 |
| 3G2 | MOD |
| ASF | MOV |
| AVI | MP4 |
| DIVX | MPG |
| M2T | MTS |
| M2TS | TOD |
| M4V | WMV |
| MKV |
VIDEO 还包括如下特殊视频格式:VR 视频、慢镜头视频以及在 Google 相册应用中创建的动画。
以下示例按 PHOTO 进行过滤:
REST
{
"filters": {
"mediaTypeFilter": {
"mediaTypes": [
"PHOTO"
]
}
}
}Java
// Create a new MediaTypeFilter for Photo media items MediaTypeFilter mediaType = MediaTypeFilter.newBuilder() .addMediaTypes(MediaType.PHOTO) .build(); // Create a new Filters object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setMediaTypeFilter(mediaType) .build(); // Specify the Filters object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create a new MediaTypeFilter for Photo media items $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); $filtersBuilder->setMediaType(MediaType::PHOTO); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
您无法组合使用多种媒体类型的过滤器。
已归档状态
您的用户可能已将部分照片归档。默认情况下,搜索结果中不会返回已归档的照片。如需包含已归档的内容,您可以在过滤条件中设置标志,如以下示例所示:
REST
{
"filters": {
"includeArchivedMedia": true
}
}Java
// Create a new Filters object that includes archived media Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setIncludeArchivedMedia(true) .build(); // Specify the Filters object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create a new Filters object that includes archived media $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); $filtersBuilder->setIncludeArchivedMedia(true); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
组合过滤器
不同种类的过滤器可以相互组合。系统只会返回与所有请求的功能匹配的内容。
组合过滤器时,每种过滤器类型的格式限制与单独使用时的格式限制相同。在以下示例中,仅返回已归类为 SPORT 且日期为 2014 年或 2010 年的照片:
REST
{
"filters": {
"contentFilter": {
"includedContentCategories": [
"SPORT"
]
},
"dateFilter": {
"dates": [
{
"year": 2014
},
{
"year": 2010
}
]
},
"mediaTypeFilter": {
"mediaTypes": [
"PHOTO"
]
}
}
}Java
// Create a new ContentFilter that only includes SPORT items ContentFilter contentFilter = ContentFilter.newBuilder() .addIncludedContentCategories(ContentCategory.SPORT) .build(); // Create a new media type filter that only includes PHOTO media items MediaTypeFilter mediaTypeFilter = MediaTypeFilter.newBuilder() .addMediaTypes(MediaType.PHOTO) .build(); // Create a new DateFilter that only includes items from 2010 or 2014 Date year2014 = Date.newBuilder().setYear(2014).build(); Date year2010 = Date.newBuilder().setYear(2010).build(); DateFilter dateFilter = DateFilter.newBuilder() .addDates(year2010) .addDates(year2014) .build(); // Create a new Filters object combining these filters Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setDateFilter(dateFilter) .setMediaTypeFilter(mediaTypeFilter) .setContentFilter(contentFilter) .build(); // Specify the Filter object in the searchMediaItems call SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters);
PHP
// Create a new ContentFilter $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); // Only include SPORT items $filtersBuilder->addIncludedCategory(ContentCategory::SPORT); // Only include PHOTO media items $filtersBuilder->setMediaType(MediaType::PHOTO); // Only include items from 2010 or 2014 $year2014 = new Date(); $year2014->setYear(2014); $year2010 = new Date(); $year2010->setYear(2010); $filtersBuilder->addDateRange($year2010, $year2014); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder // Filters have been combined in the filter builder $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( ['filters' => $filtersBuilder->build()] );
对结果进行排序
只有使用日期过滤条件的查询才能排序。
如果您未指定排序选项,则结果将按降序排序(最新的结果排在前面)。
下表显示了 orderBy 参数支持的选项:
orderBy 参数 |
|
|---|---|
MediaMetadata.creation_time desc |
按降序(最新项优先)返回媒体项 |
MediaMetadata.creation_time |
按升序返回媒体项(最早的内容排在最前面) |
以下示例会返回 2017 年的所有媒体内容,并按最早到最新的时间顺序显示。
REST
{
"filters": {
"dateFilter": {
"dates": [
{
"year": 2017
}
]
}
},
"orderBy": "MediaMetadata.creation_time"
}Java
// Create a new dateFilter for the year 2017. DateFilter dateFilter = DateFilter.newBuilder() .addDates(Date.newBuilder().setYear(2017)) .build(); // Create a new Filters object Filters filters = Filters.newBuilder() .setDateFilter(dateFilter) .build(); // Sort results by oldest item first. final OrderBy newestFirstOrder = OrderBy.MEDIAMETADATA_CREATION_TIME; // Specify the filter and sort order in the searchMediaItems call. SearchMediaItemsPagedResponse response = photosLibraryClient.searchMediaItems(filters, newestFirstOrder);
PHP
// Create a new dateFilter for the year 2017. $filtersBuilder = new FiltersBuilder(); $filtersBuilder->addDate((new Date())->setYear(2017)); // Make a search call with the options set in the filters builder and sort // the results by oldest item first. $response = $photosLibraryClient->searchMediaItems( [ 'filters' => $filtersBuilder->build(), 'orderBy' => OrderBy::MEDIAMETADATA_CREATION_TIME ] );