本页介绍了如何使用 SMS User Consent API 来征求用户同意 来阅读单条验证短信。如果用户同意，API 会返回 短信正文，您可以从中获取验证码 完成验证流程。
安装依赖项
在应用的 build.gradle 文件中添加 Play 服务身份验证组件：
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth:17.0.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth-api-phone:17.4.0'
1. 获取用户的电话号码
如果你没有用户的电话号码，请在发送短信前先请求一下 验证流程。
您可以采用适合自己的方式获取用户的电话号码 应用。您可以考虑使用 Smart Lock（密码专用）提示选择器 在用户不需要填写电话号码时帮助填写该信息 创建用户的账号。如需使用提示选择器，请执行以下操作：
Kotlin
private val CREDENTIAL_PICKER_REQUEST = 1 // Set to an unused request code
// Construct a request for phone numbers and show the picker
private fun requestHint() {
val hintRequest = HintRequest.Builder()
.setPhoneNumberIdentifierSupported(true)
.build()
val credentialsClient = Credentials.getClient(this)
val intent = credentialsClient.getHintPickerIntent(hintRequest)
startIntentSenderForResult(
intent.intentSender,
CREDENTIAL_PICKER_REQUEST,
null, 0, 0, 0
)
}
public override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
when (requestCode) {
CREDENTIAL_PICKER_REQUEST ->
// Obtain the phone number from the result
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK && data != null) {
val credential = data.getParcelableExtra<Credential>(Credential.EXTRA_KEY)
// credential.getId(); <-- will need to process phone number string
}
// ...
}
}
Java
private static final int CREDENTIAL_PICKER_REQUEST = 1; // Set to an unused request code
// Construct a request for phone numbers and show the picker
private void requestHint() throws IntentSender.SendIntentException {
HintRequest hintRequest = new HintRequest.Builder()
.setPhoneNumberIdentifierSupported(true)
.build();
PendingIntent intent = Credentials.getClient(this).getHintPickerIntent(hintRequest);
startIntentSenderForResult(intent.getIntentSender(),
RESOLVE_HINT, null, 0, 0, 0);
}
@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
switch (requestCode) {
case CREDENTIAL_PICKER_REQUEST:
// Obtain the phone number from the result
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
Credential credential = data.getParcelableExtra(Credential.EXTRA_KEY);
// credential.getId(); <-- will need to process phone number string
}
break;
// ...
}
}
2. 开始监听传入消息
接下来，调用 SMS User Consent API 的 startSmsUserConsent() 方法以启动
并监听传入消息如果您知道接收该短信的电话号码
则指定该消息（否则，传递 null）。这样，短信
User Consent API 只会针对来自此号码的消息触发。
要开始收听，请执行以下操作：
Kotlin
// Start listening for SMS User Consent broadcasts from senderPhoneNumber
// The Task<Void> will be successful if SmsRetriever was able to start
// SMS User Consent, and will error if there was an error starting.
val task = SmsRetriever.getClient(context).startSmsUserConsent(senderPhoneNumber /* or null */)
Java
// Start listening for SMS User Consent broadcasts from senderPhoneNumber
// The Task<Void> will be successful if SmsRetriever was able to start
// SMS User Consent, and will error if there was an error starting.
Task<Void> task = SmsRetriever.getClient(context).startSmsUserConsent(senderPhoneNumber /* or null */);
在监听传入的短信后， 系统会将验证码发送到 第一步。
在接下来的五分钟内，当设备收到包含以下内容的短信时 Play 服务会向您的应用广播一个 intent，提示 用户获取阅读消息的权限。有消息触发广播 必须满足以下条件：
- 邮件包含一个 4-10 个字符的字母数字字符串，且该字符串中至少包含一个 数字。
- 如果您指定了发送者的电话号码，则该消息是由该发送者的 数字。
使用具有 SEND_PERMISSION 的广播接收器处理这些广播
权限并响应 SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION intent。要创建和
注册广播接收器：
Kotlin
private val SMS_CONSENT_REQUEST = 2 // Set to an unused request code
private val smsVerificationReceiver = object : BroadcastReceiver() {
override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
if (SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION == intent.action) {
val extras = intent.extras
val smsRetrieverStatus = extras?.get(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_STATUS) as Status
when (smsRetrieverStatus.statusCode) {
CommonStatusCodes.SUCCESS -> {
// Get consent intent
val consentIntent = extras.getParcelable<Intent>(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_CONSENT_INTENT)
try {
// Start activity to show consent dialog to user, activity must be started in
// 5 minutes, otherwise you'll receive another TIMEOUT intent
startActivityForResult(consentIntent, SMS_CONSENT_REQUEST)
} catch (e: ActivityNotFoundException) {
// Handle the exception ...
}
}
CommonStatusCodes.TIMEOUT -> {
// Time out occurred, handle the error.
}
}
}
}
}
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
// ...
val intentFilter = IntentFilter(SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION)
registerReceiver(smsVerificationReceiver, SmsRetriever.SEND_PERMISSION, intentFilter)
}
Java
private static final int SMS_CONSENT_REQUEST = 2; // Set to an unused request code
private final BroadcastReceiver smsVerificationReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if (SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
Status smsRetrieverStatus = (Status) extras.get(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_STATUS);
switch (smsRetrieverStatus.getStatusCode()) {
case CommonStatusCodes.SUCCESS:
// Get consent intent
Intent consentIntent = extras.getParcelable(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_CONSENT_INTENT);
try {
// Start activity to show consent dialog to user, activity must be started in
// 5 minutes, otherwise you'll receive another TIMEOUT intent
startActivityForResult(consentIntent, SMS_CONSENT_REQUEST);
} catch (ActivityNotFoundException e) {
// Handle the exception ...
}
break;
case CommonStatusCodes.TIMEOUT:
// Time out occurred, handle the error.
break;
}
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// ...
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(SmsRetriever.SMS_RETRIEVED_ACTION);
registerReceiver(smsVerificationReceiver, SmsRetriever.SEND_PERMISSION, intentFilter);
}
通过启动 EXTRA_CONSENT_INTENT 的 activity，您可以提示用户
读取邮件内容的一次性权限。
3. 通过短信获取验证码
在 onActivityResult() 方法中，处理用户对请求的响应
获取权限。如果返回的结果代码为 RESULT_OK，
读取消息内容的权限，并且可以获取消息文本
。
Kotlin
public override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
when (requestCode) {
// ...
SMS_CONSENT_REQUEST ->
// Obtain the phone number from the result
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK && data != null) {
// Get SMS message content
val message = data.getStringExtra(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_SMS_MESSAGE)
// Extract one-time code from the message and complete verification
// `message` contains the entire text of the SMS message, so you will need
// to parse the string.
val oneTimeCode = parseOneTimeCode(message) // define this function
// send one time code to the server
} else {
// Consent denied. User can type OTC manually.
}
}
}
Java
@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
switch (requestCode) {
// ...
case SMS_CONSENT_REQUEST:
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
// Get SMS message content
String message = data.getStringExtra(SmsRetriever.EXTRA_SMS_MESSAGE);
// Extract one-time code from the message and complete verification
// `sms` contains the entire text of the SMS message, so you will need
// to parse the string.
String oneTimeCode = parseOneTimeCode(message); // define this function
// send one time code to the server
} else {
// Consent canceled, handle the error ...
}
break;
}
}
收到短信后，您就可以解析验证码， 自动填充表单或以其他方式完成验证流程。