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Requisitos previos para usar la API Indexing
Para utilizar la API Indexing, primero tienes que completar estos pasos:
Crear un proyecto para el cliente
Si quieres enviar solicitudes a la API Indexing, primero tienes que informar a Google de tu cliente y activar el acceso a la API. Para hacerlo, ve a la consola de APIs de Google y crea un proyecto, que es un modo de agrupar ajustes e información de acceso a la API bajo un mismo nombre. Luego, registra tu aplicación.
Para empezar, utiliza la herramienta de configuración, que te guiará por el proceso para crear un proyecto en la consola de APIs de Google, habilitar la API y generar credenciales.
Crear una cuenta de servicio
- Abre la página Cuentas de servicio. Si se te solicita, selecciona un proyecto.
- Haz clic en add Crear cuenta de servicio y da un nombre y una descripción a la cuenta de servicio. Puedes usar el ID de cuenta de servicio predeterminado o elegir uno distinto. Cuando termines, haz clic en Crear.
- No hace falta completar la sección Permisos de la cuenta de servicio (opcional) que se muestra a continuación. Haz clic en Continuar.
- En la pantalla Conceder a los usuarios acceso a esta cuenta de servicio, desplázate hasta la sección Crear clave. Haz clic en add Crear clave.
- En el panel lateral que aparece, selecciona el formato de la clave; te recomendamos que elijas JSON.
- Haz clic en Crear. Se genera un par de clave pública/privada y se descarga en tu ordenador. Este archivo es la única copia de la clave. Para saber cómo guardarla de forma segura, consulta el apartado sobre cómo gestionar claves de cuentas de servicio.
- Haz clic en el botón Cerrar del cuadro de diálogo La clave privada se ha guardado en tu ordenador y, a continuación, haz clic en Hecho para volver a la tabla de cuentas de servicio.
Añadir la cuenta de servicio como propietario de un sitio web
Para añadir tu cuenta de servicio como propietario de un sitio web, sigue estos pasos:
- Primero, demuestra que eres el propietario del sitio con Search Console.
- Luego, añade tu cuenta de servicio como propietario.
1. Demuestra que eres el propietario del sitio
Verifica la propiedad de tu sitio mediante Search Console.
Puedes utilizar cualquier método de verificación compatible con Search Console. Para representar tu sitio, puedes crear una propiedad de dominio (example.com) o una propiedad de prefijo de URL (https://example.com o https://example.com/some/path/). Ten en cuenta que los sitios se denominan propiedades en Search Console.
2. Concede el estado de propietario a la cuenta de servicio
A continuación, añade tu cuenta de servicio como propietario (delegado) del sitio:
- Abre Search Console.
- Haz clic en el sitio cuya propiedad has verificado.
- En la lista Propietario verificado, haz clic en Añadir un propietario.
- Indica el correo electrónico de tu cuenta de servicio como propietario delegado. Puedes encontrar esa dirección de correo en dos lugares:
- En el campo
client_email de la clave privada JSON que has descargado al crear tu proyecto.
- En la columna ID de cuenta de servicio de la vista Cuentas de servicio de la consola de Google Cloud.
La dirección de correo tiene este formato:
my-service-account@project-name.google.com.iam.gserviceaccount.com
Por ejemplo: mi-cuenta-de-servicio@proyecto-de-prueba-42.google.com.iam.gserviceaccount.com
Obtener un token de acceso
Todas las llamadas a la API Indexing deben autenticarse con un token de OAuth que se obtiene a cambio de la clave privada. Cada token es válido durante un periodo determinado.
Google ofrece bibliotecas de cliente de APIs para obtener tokens de OAuth en varios lenguajes de programación.
Requisitos
Las solicitudes a la API Indexing deben cumplir estos requisitos:
- Tener el permiso
https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing.
- Utilizar uno de los puntos finales que se indican en el artículo sobre cómo usar la API.
- Incluir el token de acceso de la cuenta de servicio.
- Seguir las directrices de cuerpo que se describen en el artículo sobre cómo usar la API.
Ejemplos
A continuación se muestran ejemplos de cómo se puede obtener un token de acceso de OAuth:
Python
Obtener un token de OAuth mediante la biblioteca de cliente de APIs de Google para Python:
from oauth2client.service_account import ServiceAccountCredentials
import httplib2
SCOPES = [ "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing" ]
ENDPOINT = "https://indexing.googleapis.com/v3/urlNotifications:publish"
# service_account_file.json is the private key that you created for your service account.
JSON_KEY_FILE = "service_account_file.json"
credentials = ServiceAccountCredentials.from_json_keyfile_name(JSON_KEY_FILE, scopes=SCOPES)
http = credentials.authorize(httplib2.Http())
# Define contents here as a JSON string.
# This example shows a simple update request.
# Other types of requests are described in the next step.
content = """{
\"url\": \"http://example.com/jobs/42\",
\"type\": \"URL_UPDATED\"
}"""
response, content = http.request(ENDPOINT, method="POST", body=content)
Java
Obtener un token de OAuth mediante la biblioteca de cliente de APIs para Java:
String scopes = "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing";
String endPoint = "https://indexing.googleapis.com/v3/urlNotifications:publish";
JsonFactory jsonFactory = new JacksonFactory();
// service_account_file.json is the private key that you created for your service account.
InputStream in = IOUtils.toInputStream("service_account_file.json");
GoogleCredential credentials =
GoogleCredential.fromStream(in, this.httpTransport, jsonFactory).createScoped(Collections.singleton(scopes));
GenericUrl genericUrl = new GenericUrl(endPoint);
HttpRequestFactory requestFactory = this.httpTransport.createRequestFactory();
// Define content here. The structure of the content is described in the next step.
String content = "{"
+ "\"url\": \"http://example.com/jobs/42\","
+ "\"type\": \"URL_UPDATED\","
+ "}";
HttpRequest request =
requestFactory.buildPostRequest(genericUrl, ByteArrayContent.fromString("application/json", content));
credentials.initialize(request);
HttpResponse response = request.execute();
int statusCode = response.getStatusCode();
PHP
Obtener un token de OAuth mediante la biblioteca de cliente de APIs para PHP:
require_once 'google-api-php-client/vendor/autoload.php';
$client = new Google_Client();
// service_account_file.json is the private key that you created for your service account.
$client->setAuthConfig('service_account_file.json');
$client->addScope('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing');
// Get a Guzzle HTTP Client
$httpClient = $client->authorize();
$endpoint = 'https://indexing.googleapis.com/v3/urlNotifications:publish';
// Define contents here. The structure of the content is described in the next step.
$content = '{
"url": "http://example.com/jobs/42",
"type": "URL_UPDATED"
}';
$response = $httpClient->post($endpoint, [ 'body' => $content ]);
$status_code = $response->getStatusCode();
Node.js
Obtener un token de OAuth mediante la biblioteca de cliente para Node.js:
var request = require("request");
var { google } = require("googleapis");
var key = require("./service_account.json");
const jwtClient = new google.auth.JWT(
key.client_email,
null,
key.private_key,
["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing"],
null
);
jwtClient.authorize(function(err, tokens) {
if (err) {
console.log(err);
return;
}
let options = {
url: "https://indexing.googleapis.com/v3/urlNotifications:publish",
method: "POST",
// Your options, which must include the Content-Type and auth headers
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json"
},
auth: { "bearer": tokens.access_token },
// Define contents here. The structure of the content is described in the next step.
json: {
"url": "http://example.com/jobs/42",
"type": "URL_UPDATED"
}
};
request(options, function (error, response, body) {
// Handle the response
console.log(body);
});
});
En estos ejemplos, además de mostrarse cómo se obtienen los tokens, se indica dónde puedes añadir el cuerpo del mensaje de solicitud. Para consultar información sobre los tipos de llamadas que puedes hacer y sobre la estructura de los cuerpos del mensaje de esas llamadas, echa un vistazo al artículo Usar la API Indexing.
A menos que se indique lo contrario, el contenido de esta página está sujeto a la licencia Reconocimiento 4.0 de Creative Commons y las muestras de código están sujetas a la licencia Apache 2.0. Para obtener más información, consulta las políticas del sitio web de Google Developers. Java es una marca registrada de Oracle o sus afiliados.
Última actualización: 2025-08-04 (UTC).
[null,null,["Última actualización: 2025-08-04 (UTC)."],[[["\u003cp\u003eTo utilize the Indexing API, you must first create a project, a service account, and add the service account as a site owner in Search Console.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eAfter setup, each API call needs an OAuth token, which you get in exchange for your private key using Google's API client libraries and adhering to specific requirements.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eWhen making a request, you must define the request body and use the appropriate endpoint as detailed in the Indexing API documentation's "Using the API" section.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eGoogle provides API client libraries in multiple programming languages, such as Python, Java, PHP, and Node.js, to simplify the process of getting OAuth tokens and making API calls.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["To use the Indexing API, you must first create a project in the Google API Console, create a service account with a JSON key, and then add this service account as a delegated owner of your site in Search Console. Finally, get an OAuth access token using your private key to authenticate API calls. Each request must use `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing` as the scope, and include the service account access token. The content gives examples in different programming languages.\n"],null,["Prerequisites for the Indexing API\n\nBefore you can start using the Indexing API, there are a few\nthings you need to do, if you haven't done them already:\n\n- [Create a project for your client](#create-project)\n- [Create a service account](#create-service-account)\n- [Add your service account as a site owner](#verify-site)\n- [Get an access token](#oauth)\n\nCreate a project for your client\n\nBefore you can send requests to the Indexing API, you need to tell Google about your client and\nactivate access to the API. You do this by using the Google API Console to create a project,\nwhich is a named collection of settings and API access information, and register your application.\n\nTo get started using Indexing API, you need to first\n[use\nthe setup tool](https://console.cloud.google.com/start/api?id=indexing.googleapis.com&credential=client_key), which guides you through creating a project in the\nGoogle API Console, enabling the API, and creating credentials.\n\nCreate a service account\n\n1. Open the [**Service accounts** page](https://console.cloud.google.com/iam-admin/serviceaccounts). If prompted, select a project.\n2. Click add **Create Service Account** , enter a name and description for the service account. You can use the default service account ID, or choose a different, unique one. When done click **Create**.\n3. The **Service account permissions (optional)** section that follows is not required. Click **Continue**.\n4. On the **Grant users access to this service account** screen, scroll down to the **Create key** section. Click add **Create key**.\n5. In the side panel that appears, select the format for your key: **JSON** is recommended.\n6. Click **Create** . Your new public/private key pair is generated and downloaded to your machine; it serves as the only copy of this key. For information on how to store it securely, see [Managing service account keys](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/understanding-service-accounts#managing_service_account_keys).\n7. Click **Close** on the **Private key saved to your computer** dialog, then click **Done** to return to the table of your service accounts.\n\nAdd your service account as a site owner\n\n\nTo add your service account as a site owner:\n\n1. First prove that you own the site, using Search Console, then\n2. Add your service account as an owner.\n\n1. Prove that you own the site\n\n\n[Verify ownership of your site](https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/9008080)\nusing Search Console.\nYou can use any verification method supported by Search Console. You can create either\na Domain property (`example.com`) or a URL-prefix property (`https://example.com`\nor `https://example.com/some/path/`) to represent your site (note that sites are called\n*properties* in Search Console).\n\n2. Grant owner status to your service account\n\nNext, add your service account as a\n([delegated](https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/7687615#permissions-section))\nsite owner:\n\n1. Open [Search Console](https://www.google.com/webmasters/verification/home).\n2. Click the property for which you verified ownership.\n3. In the **Verified owner** list, click **Add an owner**.\n4. Provide your service account email as the delegated owner. You can find your service account email address in two places:\n - The `client_email` field in the JSON private key that you downloaded when you [created your project](#create-project).\n - The **Service account ID** column of the Service Accounts view in the Google Cloud console.\n\n The email address has a format like this: \n \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003emy-service-account\u003c/var\u003e`@`\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eproject-name\u003c/var\u003e`.google.com.iam.gserviceaccount.com` \n **For example:** my-service-account@test-project-42.google.com.iam.gserviceaccount.com\n\nGet an access token\n\nEvery call to the Indexing API must be authenticated with an OAuth token that you get\nin exchange for your private key. Each token is good for a span of time.\nGoogle provides [API client libraries](/api-client-library)\nto get OAuth tokens for a number of languages.\n\nRequirements\n\nWhen submitting a request to the Indexing API, your request must:\n\n1. Use `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing` as the scope.\n2. Use one of the endpoints described in [Using the API](/search/apis/indexing-api/v3/using-api).\n3. Include the [service account access token](#create-service-account).\n4. Define the body of the request as described in [Using the API](/search/apis/indexing-api/v3/using-api).\n\nExamples\n\nThe following examples show how to obtain an OAuth access token: \n\nPython\n\nObtains an OAuth token using the [Google API Client library for Python](/api-client-library/python): \n\n```python\nfrom oauth2client.service_account import ServiceAccountCredentials\nimport httplib2\n\nSCOPES = [ \"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing\" ]\nENDPOINT = \"https://indexing.googleapis.com/v3/urlNotifications:publish\"\n\n# service_account_file.json is the private key that you created for your service account.\nJSON_KEY_FILE = \"service_account_file.json\"\n\ncredentials = ServiceAccountCredentials.from_json_keyfile_name(JSON_KEY_FILE, scopes=SCOPES)\n\nhttp = credentials.authorize(httplib2.Http())\n\n# Define contents here as a JSON string.\n# This example shows a simple update request.\n# Other types of requests are described in the next step.\n\ncontent = \"\"\"{\n \\\"url\\\": \\\"http://example.com/jobs/42\\\",\n \\\"type\\\": \\\"URL_UPDATED\\\"\n}\"\"\"\n\nresponse, content = http.request(ENDPOINT, method=\"POST\", body=content)\n```\n\nJava\n\nObtains an OAuth token using the [API Client Library for Java](/api-client-library/java): \n\n```java\nString scopes = \"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing\";\nString endPoint = \"https://indexing.googleapis.com/v3/urlNotifications:publish\";\n\nJsonFactory jsonFactory = new JacksonFactory();\n\n// service_account_file.json is the private key that you created for your service account.\nInputStream in = IOUtils.toInputStream(\"service_account_file.json\");\n\nGoogleCredential credentials =\n GoogleCredential.fromStream(in, this.httpTransport, jsonFactory).createScoped(Collections.singleton(scopes));\n\nGenericUrl genericUrl = new GenericUrl(endPoint);\nHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = this.httpTransport.createRequestFactory();\n\n// Define content here. The structure of the content is described in the next step.\nString content = \"{\"\n + \"\\\"url\\\": \\\"http://example.com/jobs/42\\\",\"\n + \"\\\"type\\\": \\\"URL_UPDATED\\\",\"\n + \"}\";\n\nHttpRequest request =\n requestFactory.buildPostRequest(genericUrl, ByteArrayContent.fromString(\"application/json\", content));\n\ncredentials.initialize(request);\nHttpResponse response = request.execute();\nint statusCode = response.getStatusCode();\n```\n\nPHP\n\nObtains an OAuth token using the [API Client Library for PHP](/api-client-library/php): \n\n```php\nrequire_once 'google-api-php-client/vendor/autoload.php';\n\n$client = new Google_Client();\n\n// service_account_file.json is the private key that you created for your service account.\n$client-\u003esetAuthConfig('service_account_file.json');\n$client-\u003eaddScope('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing');\n\n// Get a Guzzle HTTP Client\n$httpClient = $client-\u003eauthorize();\n$endpoint = 'https://indexing.googleapis.com/v3/urlNotifications:publish';\n\n// Define contents here. The structure of the content is described in the next step.\n$content = '{\n \"url\": \"http://example.com/jobs/42\",\n \"type\": \"URL_UPDATED\"\n}';\n\n$response = $httpClient-\u003epost($endpoint, [ 'body' =\u003e $content ]);\n$status_code = $response-\u003egetStatusCode();\n```\n\nNode.js\n\nObtains an OAuth token using the [Node.js Client Library](https://github.com/google/google-api-nodejs-client): \n\n```javascript\nvar request = require(\"request\");\nvar { google } = require(\"googleapis\");\nvar key = require(\"./service_account.json\");\n\nconst jwtClient = new google.auth.JWT(\n key.client_email,\n null,\n key.private_key,\n [\"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/indexing\"],\n null\n);\n\njwtClient.authorize(function(err, tokens) {\n if (err) {\n console.log(err);\n return;\n }\n let options = {\n url: \"https://indexing.googleapis.com/v3/urlNotifications:publish\",\n method: \"POST\",\n // Your options, which must include the Content-Type and auth headers\n headers: {\n \"Content-Type\": \"application/json\"\n },\n auth: { \"bearer\": tokens.access_token },\n // Define contents here. The structure of the content is described in the next step.\n json: {\n \"url\": \"http://example.com/jobs/42\",\n \"type\": \"URL_UPDATED\"\n }\n };\n request(options, function (error, response, body) {\n // Handle the response\n console.log(body);\n });\n});\n```\n\nIn addition to showing how to obtain a token, these examples show where you can add the body of\nthe request message. For information about the types of calls you can make, and the structure of the\nmessage bodies for those calls, see [Using the API](/search/apis/indexing-api/v3/using-api)."]]
