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Python di Contoh Kode App Engine

Contoh kode Python berikut menunjukkan cara menggunakan App Engine untuk melakukan panggilan YouTube Data API (v3). Anda dapat mendownload contoh kode ini dari repositori contoh kode Python Google App Engine di GitHub.

Prasyarat

Anda harus menyiapkan project di Konsol API Google dan mendapatkan kunci API agar dapat menjalankan contoh kode di bawah. Saat ini, setiap project menentukan variabel API_KEY yang disetel ke nilai REPLACE_ME. Anda perlu mengganti nilai tersebut dengan kunci API Anda sendiri agar dapat menjalankan contoh.

Penting: Agar dapat menjalankan semua contoh ini, Anda harus mengaktifkan YouTube Data API (v3) dan Freebase API untuk project yang terkait dengan kunci API Anda. Jika aplikasi Anda mengakses data pengguna atau saluran pribadi, Anda juga akan memerlukan client ID OAuth 2.0.

Lihat petunjuk untuk membuat kunci API dan mendapatkan client ID OAuth 2.0 Anda.

Membuat project Anda dan mendapatkan kredensial otorisasi

Buka halaman Credentials di Konsol API.
API ini mendukung dua jenis kredensial. Buat kredensial apa pun yang sesuai untuk project Anda:
- OAuth 2.0: Setiap kali aplikasi Anda meminta pengguna pribadi data, klien harus mengirimkan token OAuth 2.0 bersama dengan permintaan. Nama mula-mula mengirim ID klien dan, mungkin, rahasia klien ke mendapatkan token. Anda dapat membuat kredensial OAuth 2.0 untuk web aplikasi, akun layanan, atau aplikasi terinstal.
  
  Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Dokumentasi OAuth 2.0.
- Kunci API: Permintaan yang tidak menyediakan token OAuth 2.0 harus mengirimkan API tombol. Kunci ini mengidentifikasi project Anda dan memberikan akses, kuota, dan laporan.
  
  API ini mendukung beberapa jenis pembatasan pada kunci API. Jika kunci API yang Anda yang dibutuhkan, maka buat kunci API di Konsol mengeklik Create credentials > Kunci API. Anda dapat membatasi kunci sebelum menggunakannya dalam produksi dengan mengklik Restrict key dan memilih salah satu Pembatasan.

Untuk menjaga keamanan kunci API Anda, ikuti praktik terbaik untuk dengan aman menggunakan kunci API.

Contoh kode

Cari menggunakan kata kunci

Contoh kode di bawah ini memanggil metode search.list API untuk mengambil hasil penelusuran yang terkait dengan kata kunci tertentu.

import os
import urllib
import webapp2
import jinja2

from apiclient.discovery import build
from optparse import OptionParser

JINJA_ENVIRONMENT = jinja2.Environment(
    loader=jinja2.FileSystemLoader(os.path.dirname(__file__)),
    extensions=['jinja2.ext.autoescape'])

# Set DEVELOPER_KEY to the "API key" value from the Google Developers Console:
# https://console.developers.google.com/project/_/apiui/credential
# Please ensure that you have enabled the YouTube Data API for your project.
DEVELOPER_KEY = "REPLACE_ME"
YOUTUBE_API_SERVICE_NAME = "youtube"
YOUTUBE_API_VERSION = "v3"

class MainHandler(webapp2.RequestHandler):
   
   def get(self):
        if DEVELOPER_KEY == "REPLACE_ME":
          self.response.write("""You must set up a project and get an API key
                                 to run this project.  Please visit 
                                 <landing page> to do so."""
        else:
          youtube = build(
            YOUTUBE_API_SERVICE_NAME, 
            YOUTUBE_API_VERSION, 
            developerKey=DEVELOPER_KEY)
          search_response = youtube.search().list(
            q="Hello",
            part="id,snippet",
            maxResults=5
          ).execute()
        
          videos = []
          channels = []
          playlists = []
        
          for search_result in search_response.get("items", []):
            if search_result["id"]["kind"] == "youtube#video":
                videos.append("%s (%s)" % (search_result["snippet"]["title"], 
                  search_result["id"]["videoId"]))
            elif search_result["id"]["kind"] == "youtube#channel":
                channels.append("%s (%s)" % (search_result["snippet"]["title"], 
                  search_result["id"]["channelId"]))
            elif search_result["id"]["kind"] == "youtube#playlist":
                playlists.append("%s (%s)" % (search_result["snippet"]["title"], 
                  search_result["id"]["playlistId"]))
        
          template_values = {
           'videos': videos,
           'channels': channels,
           'playlists': playlists
          }
       
          self.response.headers['Content-type'] = 'text/plain' 
          template = JINJA_ENVIRONMENT.get_template('index.html')
          self.response.write(template.render(template_values))
        
app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([
  ('/.*', MainHandler),
], debug=True)

Telusuri menurut topik

Contoh kode di bawah ini memanggil metode search.list API untuk mengambil hasil penelusuran yang terkait dengan topik Freebase tertentu.

import os
import urllib
import webapp2
import jinja2

from apiclient.discovery import build
from optparse import OptionParser

import json

JINJA_ENVIRONMENT = jinja2.Environment(
    loader=jinja2.FileSystemLoader(os.path.dirname(__file__)),
    extensions=['jinja2.ext.autoescape'])

REGISTRATION_INSTRUCTIONS = """
    You must set up a project and get an API key to run this code. Please see
    the instructions for creating a project and a key at <a
    href="https://developers.google.com/youtube/registering_an_application"
    >https://developers.google.com/youtube/registering_an_application</a>.
    <br><br>
    Make sure that you have enabled the YouTube Data API (v3) and the Freebase
    API for your project."""

# Set API_KEY to the "API key" value from the Google Developers Console:
# https://console.developers.google.com/project/_/apiui/credential
# Please ensure that you have enabled the YouTube Data API and Freebase API
# for your project.
API_KEY = "REPLACE_ME"
YOUTUBE_API_SERVICE_NAME = "youtube"
YOUTUBE_API_VERSION = "v3"
FREEBASE_SEARCH_URL = "https://www.googleapis.com/freebase/v1/search?%s"
QUERY_TERM = "dog"

class MainHandler(webapp2.RequestHandler):

  def get(self):
    if API_KEY == 'REPLACE_ME':
      self.response.write(REGISTRATION_INSTRUCTIONS)
    else:
      # Present a list of Freebase topic IDs for the query term
      self.list_topics(QUERY_TERM)

  def list_topics(self, QUERY_TERM):
    # Retrieve a list of Freebase topics associated with the query term
    freebase_params = dict(query=QUERY_TERM, key=API_KEY)
    freebase_url = FREEBASE_SEARCH_URL % urllib.urlencode(freebase_params)
    freebase_response = json.loads(urllib.urlopen(freebase_url).read())

    if len(freebase_response["result"]) == 0:
      exit("No matching terms were found in Freebase.")

    # Create a page that shows a select box listing the topics.
    # When the user selects a topic and submits the form, the
    # 'post' method below will handle the form submission and
    # retrieve videos for the selected topic.
    select_topic_page = ('''
        <html>
          <body>
            <p>The following topics were found:</p>
            <form method="post">
              <select name="topic">
    ''')
    for result in freebase_response["result"]:
      select_topic_page += ('<option value="' + result["mid"] + '">' +
                            result.get("name", "Unknown") + '</option>')

    select_topic_page += '''
              </select>
              <p><input type="submit" /></p>
            </form>
          </body>
        </html>
    '''

    # Display the HTML page listing the topic choices.
    self.response.out.write(select_topic_page)

  def post(self):
    topic_id = self.request.get('topic')

    # Service for calling the YouTube API
    youtube = build(YOUTUBE_API_SERVICE_NAME,
                    YOUTUBE_API_VERSION,
                    developerKey=API_KEY)

    # Execute the search request using default query term and retrieved topic.
    search_response = youtube.search().list(
      part = 'id,snippet',
      type = 'video',
      topicId = topic_id
    ).execute()

    videos = []

    for search_result in search_response.get("items", []):
      videos.append(search_result)

    template_values = {
      'videos': videos
    }

    self.response.headers['Content-type'] = 'text/html'
    template = JINJA_ENVIRONMENT.get_template('index.html')
    self.response.write(template.render(template_values))

app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([
  ('/.*', MainHandler),
], debug=True)

Mengambil upload channel

Contoh kode di bawah ini memanggil metode playlistItems.list API untuk mengambil daftar video yang diupload ke saluran tertentu. Channel dapat diidentifikasi berdasarkan ID channel atau nama channel tersebut. Kode tersebut juga memanggil metode channels.list untuk mengambil ID playlist yang mengidentifikasi video yang diupload oleh channel.

import os
import urllib
import webapp2
import jinja2

from apiclient.discovery import build
from optparse import OptionParser

import json

JINJA_ENVIRONMENT = jinja2.Environment(
    loader=jinja2.FileSystemLoader(os.path.dirname(__file__)),
    extensions=['jinja2.ext.autoescape'])

REGISTRATION_INSTRUCTIONS = """
    You must set up a project and get an API key to run this code. Please see
    the instructions for creating a project and a key at <a
    href="https://developers.google.com/youtube/registering_an_application"
    >https://developers.google.com/youtube/registering_an_application</a>.
    <br><br>
    Make sure that you have enabled the YouTube Data API (v3) and the Freebase
    API for your project."""

# Set API_KEY to the "API key" value from the Google Developers Console:
# https://console.developers.google.com/project/_/apiui/credential
# Please ensure that you have enabled the YouTube Data API and Freebase API
# for your project.
API_KEY = "REPLACE_ME"
YOUTUBE_API_SERVICE_NAME = "youtube"
YOUTUBE_API_VERSION = "v3"
FREEBASE_SEARCH_URL = "https://www.googleapis.com/freebase/v1/search?%s"
QUERY_TERM = "dog"

class MainHandler(webapp2.RequestHandler):

  def get(self):
    if API_KEY == 'REPLACE_ME':
      self.response.write(REGISTRATION_INSTRUCTIONS)
    else:
      # Present a list of Freebase topic IDs for the query term
      self.request_channel()

  def request_channel(self):
    # Display a text box where the user can enter a channel name or
    # channel ID.
    select_channel_page = '''
        <html>
          <body>
            <p>Which channel's videos do you want to see?</p>
            <form method="post">
              <p>
                <select name="channel_type">
                  <option value="id">Channel ID</option>
                  <option value="name">Channel name</option>
                </select>  
                <input name="channel" size="30">
              </p>
              <p><input type="submit" /></p>
            </form>
          </body>
        </html>
    '''

    # Display the HTML page that shows the form.
    self.response.out.write(select_channel_page)

  def post(self):
    # Service for calling the YouTube API
    youtube = build(YOUTUBE_API_SERVICE_NAME,
                    YOUTUBE_API_VERSION,
                    developerKey=API_KEY)

    # Use form inputs to create request params for channel details
    channel_type = self.request.get('channel_type')
    channels_response = None
    if channel_type == 'id':
      channels_response = youtube.channels().list(
          id=self.request.get('channel'),
          part='snippet,contentDetails'
      ).execute()
    else:
      channels_response = youtube.channels().list(
          forUsername=self.request.get('channel'),
          part='snippet,contentDetails'
      ).execute()

    channel_name = ''
    videos = []

    for channel in channels_response['items']:
      uploads_list_id = channel['contentDetails']['relatedPlaylists']['uploads']
      channel_name = channel['snippet']['title']
      
      next_page_token = ''
      while next_page_token is not None:
        playlistitems_response = youtube.playlistItems().list(
            playlistId=uploads_list_id,
            part='snippet',
            maxResults=50,
            pageToken=next_page_token
        ).execute()

        for playlist_item in playlistitems_response['items']:
          videos.append(playlist_item)
          
        next_page_token = playlistitems_response.get('tokenPagination', {}).get(
            'nextPageToken')
        
        if len(videos) > 100:
          break

    template_values = {
      'channel_name': channel_name,
      'videos': videos
    }

    self.response.headers['Content-type'] = 'text/html'
    template = JINJA_ENVIRONMENT.get_template('index.html')
    self.response.write(template.render(template_values))

app = webapp2.WSGIApplication([
  ('/.*', MainHandler),
], debug=True)