Login dengan Google untuk Asisten memberikan pengalaman pengguna yang paling sederhana dan mudah bagi pengguna dan developer, baik untuk penautan akun maupun pembuatan akun. Action Anda dapat meminta akses ke profil Google pengguna selama percakapan, termasuk nama, alamat email, dan foto profil pengguna.
Informasi profil dapat digunakan untuk menciptakan pengalaman pengguna yang dipersonalisasi dalam Action Anda. Jika Anda memiliki aplikasi di platform lain dan aplikasi tersebut menggunakan Login dengan Google, Anda juga dapat menemukan dan menautkan ke akun pengguna yang ada, membuat akun baru, dan membuat saluran komunikasi langsung ke pengguna.
Untuk melakukan penautan akun dengan Login dengan Google, Anda meminta pengguna memberikan izin untuk mengakses profil Google mereka. Kemudian, Anda menggunakan informasi di profil mereka, misalnya alamat email, untuk mengidentifikasi pengguna di sistem Anda.
Menerapkan penautan akun Login dengan Google
Ikuti langkah-langkah di bagian berikut untuk menambahkan penautan akun Login dengan Google ke Action Anda.
Mengonfigurasi project
Untuk mengonfigurasi project Anda agar menggunakan penautan akun Login dengan Google, ikuti langkah-langkah berikut:
- Buka Konsol Actions dan pilih project.
- Klik tab Develop dan pilih Account linking.
- Aktifkan tombol di samping Penautan akun.
- Di bagian Pembuatan akun, pilih Ya.
Di Jenis penautan, pilih Login dengan Google.
Buka Informasi Klien dan catat nilai ID Klien yang dikeluarkan oleh Google untuk Action Anda.
Klik Simpan.
Memulai alur autentikasi
Gunakan intent helper Login Akun untuk memulai alur autentikasi.
Setelah pengguna mengizinkan tindakan Anda untuk mengakses profil Google-nya, Anda akan menerima token ID Google yang berisi informasi profil Google pengguna dalam setiap permintaan berikutnya atas tindakan Anda.
Untuk mengakses informasi profil pengguna, Anda harus terlebih dahulu memvalidasi dan mendekode token dengan melakukan hal berikut:
- Gunakan library dekode JWT untuk bahasa Anda guna mendekode token, dan gunakan kunci publik Google (tersedia dalam format JWK atau PEM) untuk memverifikasi tanda tangan token.
- Pastikan penerbit token (kolom
issdalam token yang didekode) adalah https://accounts.google.com dan audiens (kolomauddalam token yang didekode) adalah nilai Client ID yang dikeluarkan oleh Google untuk Actions Anda, yang ditetapkan ke project Anda di konsol Actions on Google.
Berikut adalah contoh token yang didekode:
{
"sub": 1234567890, // The unique ID of the user's Google Account
"iss": "https://accounts.google.com", // The token's issuer
"aud": "123-abc.apps.googleusercontent.com", // Client ID assigned to your Actions project
"iat": 233366400, // Unix timestamp of the token's creation time
"exp": 233370000, // Unix timestamp of the token's expiration time
"name": "Jan Jansen",
"given_name": "Jan",
"family_name": "Jansen",
"email": "jan@gmail.com", // If present, the user's email address
"locale": "en_US"
}
Jika Anda menggunakan library klien Actions on Google untuk Node.js atau library klien Java, library ini akan menangani validasi dan decoding token untuk Anda, serta memberi Anda akses ke konten profil, seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam cuplikan kode berikut. Perhatikan bahwa JSON di bawah menjelaskan permintaan webhook untuk masing-masing Dialogflow dan Actions SDK.
Cuplikan berikut menggunakan Dialogflow untuk login:
const {dialogflow, SignIn} = require('actions-on-google');
const app = dialogflow({
// REPLACE THE PLACEHOLDER WITH THE CLIENT_ID OF YOUR ACTIONS PROJECT
clientId: CLIENT_ID,
});
// Intent that starts the account linking flow.
app.intent('Start Signin', (conv) => {
conv.ask(new SignIn('To get your account details'));
});
// Create a Dialogflow intent with the `actions_intent_SIGN_IN` event.
app.intent('Get Signin', (conv, params, signin) => {
if (signin.status === 'OK') {
const payload = conv.user.profile.payload;
conv.ask(`I got your account details, ${payload.name}. What do you want to do next?`);
} else {
conv.ask(`I won't be able to save your data, but what do you want to do next?`);
}
});
private String clientId = "<your_client_id>";
@ForIntent("Start Signin")
public ActionResponse text(ActionRequest request) {
ResponseBuilder rb = getResponseBuilder(request);
return rb.add(new SignIn().setContext("To get your account details")).build();
}
@ForIntent("actions.intent.SIGN_IN")
public ActionResponse getSignInStatus(ActionRequest request) {
ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
if (request.isSignInGranted()) {
GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = getUserProfile(request.getUser().getIdToken());
responseBuilder.add(
"I got your account details, "
+ profile.get("given_name")
+ ". What do you want to do next?");
} else {
responseBuilder.add("I won't be able to save your data, but what do you want to do next?");
}
return responseBuilder.build();
}
private GoogleIdToken.Payload getUserProfile(String idToken) {
GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = null;
try {
profile = decodeIdToken(idToken);
} catch (Exception e) {
LOGGER.error("error decoding idtoken");
LOGGER.error(e.toString());
}
return profile;
}
private GoogleIdToken.Payload decodeIdToken(String idTokenString)
throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
HttpTransport transport = GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport();
JacksonFactory jsonFactory = JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance();
GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifier =
new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(transport, jsonFactory)
// Specify the CLIENT_ID of the app that accesses the backend:
.setAudience(Collections.singletonList(clientId))
.build();
GoogleIdToken idToken = verifier.verify(idTokenString);
return idToken.getPayload();
}
{
"responseId": "",
"queryResult": {
"queryText": "",
"action": "",
"parameters": {},
"allRequiredParamsPresent": true,
"fulfillmentText": "",
"fulfillmentMessages": [],
"outputContexts": [],
"intent": {
"name": "Get Signin",
"displayName": "Get Signin"
},
"intentDetectionConfidence": 1,
"diagnosticInfo": {},
"languageCode": ""
},
"originalDetectIntentRequest": {
"source": "google",
"version": "2",
"payload": {
"isInSandbox": true,
"surface": {
"capabilities": [
{
"name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
}
]
},
"inputs": [
{
"rawInputs": [],
"intent": "",
"arguments": [
{
"name": "SIGN_IN",
"extension": {
"@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.SignInValue",
"status": "OK"
}
}
]
}
],
"user": {
"idToken": "peJaCGci..."
},
"conversation": {},
"availableSurfaces": [
{
"capabilities": [
{
"name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
}
]
}
]
}
},
"session": ""
}
Cuplikan berikut menggunakan Actions SDK untuk login:
const {actionssdk, SignIn} = require('actions-on-google');
const app = actionssdk({
// REPLACE THE PLACEHOLDER WITH THE CLIENT_ID OF YOUR ACTIONS PROJECT
clientId: CLIENT_ID,
});
// Intent that starts the account linking flow.
app.intent('actions.intent.TEXT', (conv) => {
conv.ask(new SignIn('To get your account details'));
});
// Create an Actions SDK intent with the `actions_intent_SIGN_IN` event.
app.intent('actions.intent.SIGN_IN', (conv, params, signin) => {
if (signin.status === 'OK') {
const payload = conv.user.profile.payload;
conv.ask(`I got your account details, ${payload.name}. What do you want to do next?`);
} else {
conv.ask(`I won't be able to save your data, but what do you want to do next?`);
}
});
private String clientId = "<your_client_id>";
@ForIntent("actions.intent.TEXT")
public ActionResponse text(ActionRequest request) {
ResponseBuilder rb = getResponseBuilder(request);
return rb.add(new SignIn().setContext("To get your account details")).build();
}
@ForIntent("actions.intent.SIGN_IN")
public ActionResponse getSignInStatus(ActionRequest request) {
ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
if (request.isSignInGranted()) {
GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = getUserProfile(request.getUser().getIdToken());
responseBuilder.add(
"I got your account details, "
+ profile.get("given_name")
+ ". What do you want to do next?");
} else {
responseBuilder.add("I won't be able to save your data, but what do you want to do next?");
}
return responseBuilder.build();
}
private GoogleIdToken.Payload getUserProfile(String idToken) {
GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = null;
try {
profile = decodeIdToken(idToken);
} catch (Exception e) {
LOGGER.error("error decoding idtoken");
LOGGER.error(e.toString());
}
return profile;
}
private GoogleIdToken.Payload decodeIdToken(String idTokenString)
throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
HttpTransport transport = GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport();
JacksonFactory jsonFactory = JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance();
GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifier =
new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(transport, jsonFactory)
// Specify the CLIENT_ID of the app that accesses the backend:
.setAudience(Collections.singletonList(this.clientId))
.build();
GoogleIdToken idToken = verifier.verify(idTokenString);
return idToken.getPayload();
}
{
"user": {
"idToken": "peJaCGci..."
},
"device": {},
"surface": {
"capabilities": [
{
"name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
}
]
},
"conversation": {},
"inputs": [
{
"rawInputs": [],
"intent": "actions.intent.SIGN_IN",
"arguments": [
{
"name": "SIGN_IN",
"extension": {
"@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.SignInValue",
"status": "OK"
}
}
]
}
],
"availableSurfaces": [
{
"capabilities": [
{
"name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
},
{
"name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
}
]
}
]
}
Menangani permintaan akses data
Untuk menangani permintaan akses data, cukup verifikasi bahwa pengguna yang dinyatakan oleh token ID Google sudah ada di database Anda. Cuplikan kode berikut menunjukkan contoh cara memeriksa apakah akun pengguna sudah ada di database Firestore.
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
const functions = require('firebase-functions');
admin.initializeApp();
const auth = admin.auth();
const db = admin.firestore();
// Save the user in the Firestore DB after successful signin
app.intent('Get Sign In', async (conv, params, signin) => {
if (signin.status !== 'OK') {
return conv.close(`Let's try again next time.`);
}
const color = conv.data[Fields.COLOR];
const {email} = conv.user;
if (!conv.data.uid && email) {
try {
conv.data.uid = (await auth.getUserByEmail(email)).uid;
} catch (e) {
if (e.code !== 'auth/user-not-found') {
throw e;
}
// If the user is not found, create a new Firebase auth user
// using the email obtained from the Google Assistant
conv.data.uid = (await auth.createUser({email})).uid;
}
}
if (conv.data.uid) {
conv.user.ref = db.collection('users').doc(conv.data.uid);
}
conv.close(`I saved ${color} as your favorite color for next time.`);
});
// Retrieve the user's favorite color if an account exists, ask if it doesn't.
app.intent('Default Welcome Intent', async (conv) => {
const {payload} = conv.user.profile;
const name = payload ? ` ${payload.given_name}` : '';
conv.ask(`Hi${name}!`);
// conv.user.ref contains the id of the record for the user in a Firestore DB
if (conv.user.ref) {
const doc = await conv.user.ref.get();
if (doc.exists) {
const color = doc.data()[Fields.COLOR];
return conv.ask(`Your favorite color was ${color}. ` +
'Tell me a color to update it.');
}
}
conv.ask(`What's your favorite color?`);
});
private class FirestoreManager {
private final Firestore db;
private final DocumentReference userDocRef;
private final String uid;
public FirestoreManager(String databaseUrl, String email)
throws IOException, FirebaseAuthException {
if (FirebaseApp.getApps().isEmpty()) {
// Use the application default credentials (works on GCP based hosting).
FirebaseOptions options =
new FirebaseOptions.Builder()
.setCredentials(GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault())
.setDatabaseUrl(databaseUrl)
.build();
FirebaseApp.initializeApp(options);
}
this.db = FirestoreClient.getFirestore();
UserRecord userRecord;
try {
userRecord = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getUserByEmail(email);
} catch (FirebaseAuthException e) {
if (e.getErrorCode() == FIREBASE_USER_NOT_FOUND_ERROR) {
UserRecord.CreateRequest createRequest = new UserRecord.CreateRequest().setEmail(email);
userRecord = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().createUser(createRequest);
} else {
throw e;
}
}
uid = userRecord.getUid();
userDocRef = db.collection(FIRESTORE_USERS_PATH).document(uid);
}
public String readUserColor() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
ApiFuture<DocumentSnapshot> future = userDocRef.get();
// future.get() blocks on response
DocumentSnapshot document = future.get();
if (document.exists()) {
return document.get(COLOR_KEY).toString();
} else {
return "";
}
}
public Timestamp writeUserColor(String color) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
Map<String, Object> docData = new HashMap<>();
docData.put(COLOR_KEY, color);
ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = userDocRef.set(docData);
// future.get() blocks on response
return future.get().getUpdateTime();
}
}
@ForIntent("Get Sign In")
public ActionResponse getSignIn(ActionRequest request) {
LOGGER.info("Get sign in intent start.");
ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
if (request.isSignInGranted()) {
String color = request.getConversationData().get(COLOR_KEY).toString();
GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = getUserProfile(request.getUser().getIdToken());
try {
FirestoreManager firestoreManager =
new FirestoreManager(DATABASE_URL, profile.getEmail());
saveColor(firestoreManager, color);
} catch (Exception e) {
LOGGER.error(e.toString());
}
responseBuilder
.add("I saved " + color + " as your favorite color for next time.")
.endConversation();
} else {
responseBuilder.add("Let's try again next time");
}
LOGGER.info("Get sign in intent end.");
return responseBuilder.build();
}
private void saveColor(FirestoreManager firestoreManager, String color) {
try {
Timestamp updateTime = firestoreManager.writeUserColor(color);
LOGGER.info(String.format("Update time: %s", updateTime.toString()));
} catch (Exception e) {
LOGGER.error(e.toString());
}
}