定位

管理资源定位是 Display & Video 360 API 的一项核心功能。 定位可以分配给多种资源类型，并使用许多其他资源和 ID 空间。本页详细介绍了在采用 Display & Video 360 API 分配的定位选项服务时，需要注意的限制和最佳做法。

利用定位继承

分配给某些资源的定位条件可以由其子资源沿用。子资源继承的定位选项可以在子资源级别检索，但无法修改。这样，您就可以针对整个合作伙伴或广告客户实施品牌保障设置和其他定位条件。

继承路径如下图所示：

如图所示，某些定位级别仅支持一部分定位类型。这意味着，某些定位选项无法在较高级别设置并沿用，而需要在较低级别设置。

YouTube 及合作伙伴资源中的沿用

Display & Video 360 API 中的 YouTube 及合作伙伴资源不会反映定位继承情况。广告组沿用的定位条件将无法在 AdGroup 级别检索，且子资源不会沿用分配给父级资源的 YouTube 定位条件。

要检索广告组的所有功能性定位设置，您应检索为广告组、父级订单项和父级广告客户指定的定位选项。

请注意在创建订单项时指定的定位条件

除了继承的定位选项之外，大多数定位条件只能在创建订单项后进行分配。不过，也有一些定位类型会在创建订单项时将默认的一组值分配给订单项。这些定位类型包括：

• TARGETING_TYPE_DEVICE_TYPE
• TARGETING_TYPE_EXCHANGE
• TARGETING_TYPE_ON_SCREEN_POSITION

如果尝试创建现有定位选项或删除尚未分配的定位选项，系统会返回错误，因此建议您了解在创建订单项时为其分配的完整定位套件。如果您需要在多种定位类型中检索分配给订单项的定位条件，请使用 advertisers.lineItems.bulkListAssignedTargetingOptions。

此外，如果没有为资源分配任何此类定位选项，系统会默认设置某些设置。例如，如果资源未定义 TARGETING_TYPE_AUTHORIZED_SELLER_STATUS 定位选项，则表示该资源处于“授权直销商和转销商”状态。

不需要自动“默认定位”

在 Display & Video 360 中，在广告系列级或广告订单级设置的定位条件不会立即传递到其子订单项。此类定位条件称为“默认定位条件”，可用作定位模板，可应用于随后在界面中创建的订单项。

在 Display & Video 360 API 中，默认定位条件不会自动应用于新建的订单项。基本订单项创建不会复制任何广告系列级或广告订单级定位条件。在这种情况下，必须通过指定的定位选项（创建或批量修改方法）将所需定位条件单独应用于订单项。

特殊方法可能属于例外情况。例如，通过 advertisers.lineItems.generateDefault 创建的订单项会从其父级广告订单复制设置，包括已分配的定位条件。同样，系统会为通过复制创建的订单项分配与原始订单项相同的定位条件。

无法修改 YouTube 及合作伙伴定位条件

无法使用 Display & Video 360 API 更新 YouTube 及合作伙伴广告系列的专属定位条件。

YouTube 及合作伙伴定位条件包含直接分配给 YouTube 及合作伙伴订单项和广告组的所有定位条件，以及以下定位类型的所有定位条件：

• TARGETING_TYPE_SESSION_POSITION
• TARGETING_TYPE_YOUTUBE_CHANNEL
• TARGETING_TYPE_YOUTUBE_VIDEO

您可以直接使用 Display & Video 360 界面更新此定位条件，也可以通过上传结构化数据文件进行更新。

使用单一选项指定受众群体定位

大多数定位方式的定位选项都是单独分配的。受众群体名单定位不遵循此模块化惯例，而是在单个可配置的受众群体定位详情对象中分配，该对象列出了在投放广告时要包含和排除的受众群体的 ID。此受众群体组选项的 assignedTargetingOptionId 分配后将始终为“audienceGroup”。

这种设计意味着，若要对受众群体定位条件做出任何更改，您必须先删除已分配到的现有受众群体的定位选项，然后创建包含所需更改的新受众群体定位选项。您可以使用 advertisers.lineItems.bulkEditAssignedTargetingOptions 在单个请求中完成此操作。

下例展示了如何更新受众群体定位以正向定位更多 Google 受众群体：

Java

long advertiserId = advertiser-id;
long lineItemId = line-item-id
List<Long> addedGoogleAudienceIds =
    Arrays.asList(google-audience-id-to-add,...);

// Build Google audience targeting settings objects to add to audience
// targeting.
ArrayList<GoogleAudienceTargetingSetting> newGoogleAudienceSettings =
    new ArrayList<GoogleAudienceTargetingSetting>();

// Convert list of Google Audience IDs into list of settings.
for (Long googleAudienceId : addedGoogleAudienceIds) {
  newGoogleAudienceSettings.add(new GoogleAudienceTargetingSetting()
      .setGoogleAudienceId(googleAudienceId));
}

// Create relevant bulk edit request objects.
BulkEditLineItemAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest requestContent =
    new BulkEditLineItemAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest();
AudienceGroupAssignedTargetingOptionDetails updatedAudienceGroupDetails;
ArrayList<DeleteAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest> audienceGroupDeleteRequests =
    new ArrayList<DeleteAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest>();

try {
  // Retrieve existing audience group targeting.
  AssignedTargetingOption existingAudienceGroupTargetingOption =
      service
          .advertisers()
          .lineItems()
          .targetingTypes()
          .assignedTargetingOptions()
          .get(
              advertiserId,
              lineItemId,
              "TARGETING_TYPE_AUDIENCE_GROUP",
              "audienceGroup"
          ).execute();

  // Extract existing audience group targeting details.
  updatedAudienceGroupDetails =
      existingAudienceGroupTargetingOption.getAudienceGroupDetails();

  // Build and add delete request for existing audience group targeting.
  ArrayList<String> deleteAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingIds =
      new ArrayList<String>();
  deleteAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingIds.add("audienceGroup");

  audienceGroupDeleteRequests
      .add(new DeleteAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest()
          .setTargetingType("TARGETING_TYPE_AUDIENCE_GROUP")
          .setAssignedTargetingOptionIds(
              deleteAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingIds
          )
      );
}
catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) {
  updatedAudienceGroupDetails =
      new AudienceGroupAssignedTargetingOptionDetails();
}

// Set delete requests in edit request.
requestContent.setDeleteRequests(audienceGroupDeleteRequests);

// Construct new group of Google Audiences to include in targeting.
GoogleAudienceGroup updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup =
    updatedAudienceGroupDetails.getIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup();
if (updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup != null) {
  List<GoogleAudienceTargetingSetting> updatedGoogleAudienceSettings =
      updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup.getSettings();
  updatedGoogleAudienceSettings.addAll(newGoogleAudienceSettings);
  updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup
      .setSettings(updatedGoogleAudienceSettings);
} else {
  updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup = new GoogleAudienceGroup();
  updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup.setSettings(newGoogleAudienceSettings);
}

// Add new Google Audience group to audience group targeting details.
updatedAudienceGroupDetails
    .setIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup(updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup);

// Create new targeting option to assign.
AssignedTargetingOption newAudienceGroupTargeting =
    new AssignedTargetingOption();
newAudienceGroupTargeting
    .setAudienceGroupDetails(updatedAudienceGroupDetails);

// Build audience group targeting create request and add to list of create
// requests.
ArrayList<AssignedTargetingOption> createAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingOptions =
    new ArrayList<AssignedTargetingOption>();
createAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingOptions.add(newAudienceGroupTargeting);
ArrayList<CreateAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest> targetingCreateRequests =
    new ArrayList<CreateAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest>();
targetingCreateRequests.add(new CreateAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest()
    .setTargetingType("TARGETING_TYPE_AUDIENCE_GROUP")
    .setAssignedTargetingOptions(
        createAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingOptions
    )
);

// Set create requests in edit request.
requestContent.setCreateRequests(targetingCreateRequests);

// Configure and execute the bulk list request.
BulkEditLineItemAssignedTargetingOptionsResponse response =
    service.advertisers().lineItems()
        .bulkEditLineItemAssignedTargetingOptions(
            advertiserId,
            lineItemId,
            requestContent).execute();

Python

advertiser_id = advertiser-id
line_item_id = line-item-id
added_google_audiences = [google-audience-id-to-add,...]

# Build Google audience targeting settings objects to create.
new_google_audience_targeting_settings = []
for google_audience_id in added_google_audiences:
 new_google_audience_targeting_settings.append(
     {'googleAudienceId': google_audience_id}
 )

# Retrieve any existing line item audience targeting.
retrieved_audience_targeting = service.advertisers().lineItems(
).targetingTypes().assignedTargetingOptions().get(
   advertiserId=advertiser_id,
   lineItemId=line_item_id,
   targetingType="TARGETING_TYPE_AUDIENCE_GROUP",
   assignedTargetingOptionId="audienceGroup"
).execute()

updated_audience_group_details = {}

# Copy over any existing audience targeting.
if 'audienceGroupDetails' in retrieved_audience_targeting:
 updated_audience_group_details = retrieved_audience_targeting[
     'audienceGroupDetails']

# Append the new Google audience IDs to any existing positive Google
# audience targeting.
if 'includedGoogleAudienceGroup' in updated_audience_group_details:
 updated_audience_group_details[
     'includedGoogleAudienceGroup']['settings'].extend(
         new_google_audience_targeting_settings)
else:
 updated_audience_group_details['includedGoogleAudienceGroup'] = {
     'settings': new_google_audience_targeting_settings
 }

# Build bulk edit request.
bulk_edit_request = {
   'deleteRequests': [
       {
         'targetingType': "TARGETING_TYPE_AUDIENCE_GROUP",
         'assignedTargetingOptionIds': [
           "audienceGroup"
         ]
       }
   ],
   'createRequests': [
       {
           'targetingType': "TARGETING_TYPE_AUDIENCE_GROUP",
           'assignedTargetingOptions': [
               {'audienceGroupDetails': updated_audience_group_details}
           ]
       }
   ]
}

# Update the audience targeting
updated_audience_targeting = service.advertisers().lineItems(
).bulkEditLineItemAssignedTargetingOptions(
   advertiserId=advertiser_id,
   lineItemId=line_item_id,
   body=bulk_edit_request
).execute()

PHP

$advertiserId = advertiser-id;
$lineItemId = line-item-id;
$addedGoogleAudienceIds = array(google-audience-id-to-add,...);

// Convert list of Google Audience IDs into list of Google audience
// settings.
$newGoogleAudienceSettings = array();
foreach ($addedGoogleAudienceIds as $googleAudienceId) {
    $newSetting =
        new Google_Service_DisplayVideo_GoogleAudienceTargetingSetting();
    $newSetting->setGoogleAudienceId($googleAudienceId);
    $newGoogleAudienceSettings[] = $newSetting;
}

// Create a bulk edit request.
$requestBody =
    new Google_Service_DisplayVideo_BulkEditLineItemAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest();

$audienceGroupDeleteRequests = array();

try {
    // Retrieve existing audience group targeting.
    $existingAudienceGroupTargetingOption = $this
        ->service
        ->advertisers_lineItems_targetingTypes_assignedTargetingOptions
        ->get(
            $advertiserId,
            $lineItemId,
            'TARGETING_TYPE_AUDIENCE_GROUP',
            'audienceGroup'
        );

    // Extract existing audience group targeting details.
    $updatedAudienceGroupDetails =
        $existingAudienceGroupTargetingOption
            ->getAudienceGroupDetails();

    // Build and add delete request for existing audience group
    // targeting.
    $deleteAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingIds = array();
    $deleteAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingIds[] = "audienceGroup";

    $audienceGroupDeleteRequest =
        new Google_Service_DisplayVideo_DeleteAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest();
    $audienceGroupDeleteRequest
        ->setTargetingType('TARGETING_TYPE_AUDIENCE_GROUP');
    $audienceGroupDeleteRequest
        ->setAssignedTargetingOptionIds(
            $deleteAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingIds
        );
    $audienceGroupDeleteRequests[] = $audienceGroupDeleteRequest;
} catch (\Exception $e) {
    $updatedAudienceGroupDetails =
        new Google_Service_DisplayVideo_AudienceGroupAssignedTargetingOptionDetails();
}

// Set delete requests in edit request.
$requestBody->setDeleteRequests($audienceGroupDeleteRequests);

// Construct new group of Google audiences to include in targeting.
$updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup = $updatedAudienceGroupDetails
    ->getIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup();

if (!empty($updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup)) {
    // Get existing settings.
    $updatedGoogleAudienceSettings =
    $updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup->getSettings();

    // Add new Google audiences to existing list.
    $updatedGoogleAudienceSettings = array_merge(
        $updatedGoogleAudienceSettings,
        $newGoogleAudienceSettings
    );

    // Set updated Google audience list.
    $updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup
        ->setSettings($updatedGoogleAudienceSettings);
} else {
    // Create new Google audience group.
    $updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup =
        new Google_Service_DisplayVideo_GoogleAudienceGroup();

    // Set list of new Google audiences for targeting.
    $updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup
        ->setSettings($newGoogleAudienceSettings);
}

// Add new Google Audience group to audience group targeting details.
$updatedAudienceGroupDetails
    ->setIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup(
        $updatedIncludedGoogleAudienceGroup
    );

// Create new targeting option to assign.
$newAudienceGroupTargeting =
    new Google_Service_DisplayVideo_AssignedTargetingOption();
$newAudienceGroupTargeting
    ->setAudienceGroupDetails($updatedAudienceGroupDetails);

// Build audience group targeting create request and add to list of
// create requests.
$createAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingOptions = array();
$createAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingOptions[] =
    $newAudienceGroupTargeting;
$createAudienceGroupTargetingRequest =
    new Google_Service_DisplayVideo_CreateAssignedTargetingOptionsRequest();
$createAudienceGroupTargetingRequest->setTargetingType(
    "TARGETING_TYPE_AUDIENCE_GROUP"
);
$createAudienceGroupTargetingRequest->setAssignedTargetingOptions(
    $createAudienceGroupAssignedTargetingOptions
);
$createRequests[] = $createAudienceGroupTargetingRequest;

// Set create requests in edit request.
$requestBody->setCreateRequests($createRequests);

// Call the API, editing the assigned targeting options for the
// identified line item.
$response = $this
    ->service
    ->advertisers_lineItems
    ->bulkEditLineItemAssignedTargetingOptions(
        $advertiserId,
        $lineItemId,
        $requestBody
    );

为定位选项即将被弃用做好准备

定位选项并非静态，并且我们可能会不时弃用一小部分定位选项。定位选项在弃用后不会影响订单项的广告投放。弃用这些选项后，这些选项将从现有订单项中取消分配，并且尝试检索或分配这些选项的请求会导致错误。

为避免出现此类错误，我们建议您定期检查存储的定位选项 ID。为了节省配额，我们建议您缓存定期使用的 ID。不过，存储 ID 意味着您可能没有意识到某个定位选项已被弃用。因此，您应定期使用 targetingOptions.targetingTypes.get 检索所有已存储的定位选项 ID，以确认 Display & Video 360 仍支持这些 ID。

如需详细了解之前和即将发生的重大弃用，请参阅我们的宣布的弃用页面。

不要并发请求更新同一订单项

如果尝试使用多个并发请求为单个订单项更新设置或指定的定位条件，系统将返回错误。适用的请求包括：

• advertisers.lineItems.bulkEditAssignedTargetingOptions
• advertisers.lineItems.bulkUpdate
• advertisers.lineItems.patch
• advertisers.lineItems.targetingTypes.assignedTargetingOptions.create
• advertisers.lineItems.targetingTypes.assignedTargetingOptions.delete

如果您需要同时为单个订单项添加或移除多个已分配的定位选项，则应使用单个 advertisers.lineItems.bulkEditAssignedTargetingOptions 请求。如果您想更新订单项的设置和定位条件，请将 patch 或 bulkUpdate 请求和相关定位请求加入队列，确保在第一个请求返回响应之前不会发送第二个请求。