Google Docs API 可讓您使用命名範圍簡化部分編輯工作。
建立命名範圍時，您會指定文件的某個部分，以便日後參照。當文件內容新增或移除時，命名範圍的索引會自動更新。這樣一來，你就不必追蹤編輯變更或在文件中搜尋，就能簡化日後更新文字的方式。您可以改為讀取已命名範圍並使用其索引，取得編輯位置。
舉例來說，假設您建立了一個命名範圍，其中「產品說明」字串必須出現在文件中：
這樣一來，您就能取代說明：只要取得命名範圍的開始和結束索引，然後使用新內容更新這些索引之間的文字即可。
以下程式碼範例說明如何實作輔助函式，以便在文件的第一個分頁中取代命名範圍的內容，其中命名範圍是先前使用 CreateNamedRangeRequest 建立的。如要取代所有分頁中的命名範圍，可以擴充這段程式碼，讓它在所有分頁中執行疊代。詳情請參閱「使用分頁」一文，並查看程式碼範例。
/** Replaces the text in existing named ranges. */ static void replaceNamedRange(Docs service, String documentId, String rangeName, String newText) throws IOException { // Fetch the document to determine the current indexes of the named ranges. Document document = service.documents().get(documentId).setIncludeTabsContent(true).execute(); // Find the matching named ranges in the first tab of the document. NamedRanges namedRangeList = document.getTabs()[0].getDocumentTab().getNamedRanges().get(rangeName); if (namedRangeList == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("The named range is no longer present in the document."); } // Determine all the ranges of text to be removed, and at which indexes the replacement text // should be inserted. List<Range> allRanges = new ArrayList<>(); Set<Integer> insertIndexes = new HashSet<>(); for (NamedRange namedRange : namedRangeList.getNamedRanges()) { allRanges.addAll(namedRange.getRanges()); insertIndexes.add(namedRange.getRanges().get(0).getStartIndex()); } // Sort the list of ranges by startIndex, in descending order. allRanges.sort(Comparator.comparing(Range::getStartIndex).reversed()); // Create a sequence of requests for each range. List<Request> requests = new ArrayList<>(); for (Range range : allRanges) { // Delete all the content in the existing range. requests.add( new Request().setDeleteContentRange(new DeleteContentRangeRequest().setRange(range))); if (insertIndexes.contains(range.getStartIndex())) { // Insert the replacement text. requests.add( new Request() .setInsertText( new InsertTextRequest() .setLocation( new Location() .setSegmentId(range.getSegmentId()) .setIndex(range.getStartIndex()) .setTabId(range.getTabId())) .setText(newText))); // Re-create the named range on the new text. requests.add( new Request() .setCreateNamedRange( new CreateNamedRangeRequest() .setName(rangeName) .setRange( new Range() .setSegmentId(range.getSegmentId()) .setStartIndex(range.getStartIndex()) .setEndIndex(range.getStartIndex() + newText.length()) .setTabId(range.getTabId())))); } } // Make a batchUpdate request to apply the changes, ensuring the document hasn't changed since // we fetched it. BatchUpdateDocumentRequest batchUpdateRequest = new BatchUpdateDocumentRequest() .setRequests(requests) .setWriteControl(new WriteControl().setRequiredRevisionId(document.getRevisionId())); service.documents().batchUpdate(documentId, batchUpdateRequest).execute(); }
def replace_named_range(service, document_id, range_name, new_text): """Replaces the text in existing named ranges.""" # Determine the length of the replacement text, as UTF-16 code units. # https://developers.google.com/docs/api/concepts/structure#start_and_end_index new_text_len = len(new_text.encode('utf-16-le')) / 2 # Fetch the document to determine the current indexes of the named ranges. document = ( service.documents() .get(documentId=document_id, includeTabsContent=True) .execute() ) # Find the matching named ranges in the first tab of the document. named_range_list = ( document.get('tabs')[0] .get('documentTab') .get('namedRanges', {}) .get(range_name) ) if not named_range_list: raise Exception('The named range is no longer present in the document.') # Determine all the ranges of text to be removed, and at which indices the # replacement text should be inserted. all_ranges = [] insert_at = {} for named_range in named_range_list.get('namedRanges'): ranges = named_range.get('ranges') all_ranges.extend(ranges) # Most named ranges only contain one range of text, but it's possible # for it to be split into multiple ranges by user edits in the document. # The replacement text should only be inserted at the start of the first # range. insert_at[ranges[0].get('startIndex')] = True # Sort the list of ranges by startIndex, in descending order. all_ranges.sort(key=lambda r: r.get('startIndex'), reverse=True) # Create a sequence of requests for each range. requests = [] for r in all_ranges: # Delete all the content in the existing range. requests.append({ 'deleteContentRange': { 'range': r } }) segment_id = r.get('segmentId') start = r.get('startIndex') tab_id = r.get('tabId') if insert_at[start]: # Insert the replacement text. requests.append({ 'insertText': { 'location': { 'segmentId': segment_id, 'index': start, 'tabId': tab_id }, 'text': new_text } }) # Re-create the named range on the new text. requests.append({ 'createNamedRange': { 'name': range_name, 'range': { 'segmentId': segment_id, 'startIndex': start, 'endIndex': start + new_text_len, 'tabId': tab_id } } }) # Make a batchUpdate request to apply the changes, ensuring the document # hasn't changed since we fetched it. body = { 'requests': requests, 'writeControl': { 'requiredRevisionId': document.get('revisionId') } } service.documents().batchUpdate(documentId=document_id, body=body).execute()
請注意，命名範圍會指定文件內容範圍，但並非該內容的一部分。如果您擷取包含命名範圍的內容，然後將其插入其他位置，命名範圍只會指向原始內容，而非重複的部分。