借助 History API,您的应用可以对健身存储区执行批量操作: 读取、插入、更新和删除历史健康和健身数据。 使用 History API 执行以下操作:
- 读取使用其他设备插入或记录的健康和健身数据 。
- 将批量数据导入 Google 健身。
- 更新 Google 健身中的数据。
- 删除应用之前存储的历史数据。
要插入包含会话元数据的数据,请使用 Session API。
读取数据
以下各部分介绍了如何读取不同类型的汇总数据。
读取详细的汇总数据
要读取历史数据,请创建一个
DataReadRequest
实例。
Kotlin
// Read the data that's been collected throughout the past week. val endTime = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()) val startTime = endTime.minusWeeks(1) Log.i(TAG, "Range Start: $startTime") Log.i(TAG, "Range End: $endTime") val readRequest = DataReadRequest.Builder() // The data request can specify multiple data types to return, // effectively combining multiple data queries into one call. // This example demonstrates aggregating only one data type. .aggregate(DataType.AGGREGATE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA) // Analogous to a "Group By" in SQL, defines how data should be // aggregated. // bucketByTime allows for a time span, whereas bucketBySession allows // bucketing by <a href="/fit/android/using-sessions">sessions</a>. .bucketByTime(1, TimeUnit.DAYS) .setTimeRange(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build()
Java
// Read the data that's been collected throughout the past week. ZonedDateTime endTime = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()); ZonedDateTime startTime = endTime.minusWeeks(1); Log.i(TAG, "Range Start: $startTime"); Log.i(TAG, "Range End: $endTime"); DataReadRequest readRequest = new DataReadRequest.Builder() // The data request can specify multiple data types to return, // effectively combining multiple data queries into one call. // This example demonstrates aggregating only one data type. .aggregate(DataType.AGGREGATE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA) // Analogous to a "Group By" in SQL, defines how data should be // aggregated. // bucketByTime allows for a time span, while bucketBySession allows // bucketing by sessions. .bucketByTime(1, TimeUnit.DAYS) .setTimeRange(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build();
上面的示例使用汇总数据点,其中每个 DataPoint
表示一天行走的步数。对于这个特定的应用场景
汇总数据点具有两大优势:
- 您的应用与健身商店交换的数据量较少。
- 您的应用不必手动汇总数据。
汇总多种活动类型的数据
您的应用可以使用数据请求来检索许多不同类型的数据。通过
以下示例展示了如何创建
DataReadRequest
:获取您在
。结果数据与每个活动的卡路里数一致,如下所示:
在 Google 健身应用中报告,其中每项运动都有自己的分桶
热量数据
Kotlin
val readRequest = DataReadRequest.Builder() .aggregate(DataType.AGGREGATE_CALORIES_EXPENDED) .bucketByActivityType(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS) .setTimeRange(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build()
Java
DataReadRequest readRequest = new DataReadRequest.Builder() .aggregate(DataType.AGGREGATE_CALORIES_EXPENDED) .bucketByActivityType(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS) .setTimeRange(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build();
创建 DataReadRequest
实例后,请使用
HistoryClient.readData()
方法异步读取历史数据。
以下示例演示了如何从以下位置获取 DataPoint
实例:
DataSet
:
Kotlin
Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .readData(readRequest) .addOnSuccessListener { response -> // The aggregate query puts datasets into buckets, so flatten into a // single list of datasets for (dataSet in response.buckets.flatMap { it.dataSets }) { dumpDataSet(dataSet) } } .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG,"There was an error reading data from Google Fit", e) } fun dumpDataSet(dataSet: DataSet) { Log.i(TAG, "Data returned for Data type: ${dataSet.dataType.name}") for (dp in dataSet.dataPoints) { Log.i(TAG,"Data point:") Log.i(TAG,"\tType: ${dp.dataType.name}") Log.i(TAG,"\tStart: ${dp.getStartTimeString()}") Log.i(TAG,"\tEnd: ${dp.getEndTimeString()}") for (field in dp.dataType.fields) { Log.i(TAG,"\tField: ${field.name.toString()} Value: ${dp.getValue(field)}") } } } fun DataPoint.getStartTimeString() = Instant.ofEpochSecond(this.getStartTime(TimeUnit.SECONDS)) .atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()) .toLocalDateTime().toString() fun DataPoint.getEndTimeString() = Instant.ofEpochSecond(this.getEndTime(TimeUnit.SECONDS)) .atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()) .toLocalDateTime().toString()
Java
Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .readData(readRequest) .addOnSuccessListener (response -> { // The aggregate query puts datasets into buckets, so convert to a // single list of datasets for (Bucket bucket : response.getBuckets()) { for (DataSet dataSet : bucket.getDataSets()) { dumpDataSet(dataSet); } } }) .addOnFailureListener(e -> Log.w(TAG, "There was an error reading data from Google Fit", e)); } private void dumpDataSet(DataSet dataSet) { Log.i(TAG, "Data returned for Data type: ${dataSet.dataType.name}"); for (DataPoint dp : dataSet.getDataPoints()) { Log.i(TAG,"Data point:"); Log.i(TAG,"\tType: ${dp.dataType.name}"); Log.i(TAG,"\tStart: ${dp.getStartTimeString()}"); Log.i(TAG,"\tEnd: ${dp.getEndTimeString()}"); for (Field field : dp.getDataType().getFields()) { Log.i(TAG,"\tField: ${field.name.toString()} Value: ${dp.getValue(field)}"); } } } private String getStartTimeString() { return Instant.ofEpochSecond(this.getStartTime(TimeUnit.SECONDS)) .atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()) .toLocalDateTime().toString(); } private String getEndTimeString() { return Instant.ofEpochSecond(this.getEndTime(TimeUnit.SECONDS)) .atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()) .toLocalDateTime().toString(); }
读取每日总数据
Google 健身还可以让您轻松查看每日
指定数据类型。使用
HistoryClient.readDailyTotal()
方法检索您指定的数据类型(截至当前时间的午夜)
日期(以设备当前时区为准)。例如,将
TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA
数据类型添加到此方法,以检索每日总计
步骤。您可以传递瞬时数据类型,该类型的数据每天汇总一次
总计。如需详细了解支持的数据类型,请参阅
DataType.getAggregateType
。
无需授权即可订阅 Google 健身
来自 HistoryClient.readDailyTotal()
的 TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA
项更新
方法时,如果使用默认账号调用此方法,
作用域都已指定。
如果您需要在无法检测的地区使用步数数据,那么这项设置将非常有用
以显示权限面板,例如在 Wear OS 表盘上显示权限面板。
用户希望 Google 健身应用中显示的步数是一致的,
以及 Wear OS 表盘主题
获得一致且可靠的体验为保持步数的一致性,请订阅
Google 健身平台中的步骤,然后
更新计数
onExitAmbient()
。
如需详细了解如何在表盘中使用这些数据,请参阅
表盘复杂功能
和 Android WatchFace 示例应用。
插入数据
如需插入历史数据,请先创建一个 DataSet
实例:
Kotlin
// Declare that the data being inserted was collected during the past hour. val endTime = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()) val startTime = endTime.minusHours(1) // Create a data source val dataSource = DataSource.Builder() .setAppPackageName(this) .setDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA) .setStreamName("$TAG - step count") .setType(DataSource.TYPE_RAW) .build() // For each data point, specify a start time, end time, and the // data value -- in this case, 950 new steps. val stepCountDelta = 950 val dataPoint = DataPoint.builder(dataSource) .setField(Field.FIELD_STEPS, stepCountDelta) .setTimeInterval(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build() val dataSet = DataSet.builder(dataSource) .add(dataPoint) .build()
Java
// Declare that the data being inserted was collected during the past hour. ZonedDateTime endTime = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()); ZonedDateTime startTime = endTime.minusHours(1); // Create a data source DataSource dataSource = new DataSource.Builder() .setAppPackageName(this) .setDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA) .setStreamName("$TAG - step count") .setType(DataSource.TYPE_RAW) .build(); // For each data point, specify a start time, end time, and the // data value -- in this case, 950 new steps. int stepCountDelta = 950; DataPoint dataPoint = DataPoint.builder(dataSource) .setField(Field.FIELD_STEPS, stepCountDelta) .setTimeInterval(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build(); DataSet dataSet = DataSet.builder(dataSource) .add(dataPoint) .build();
创建 DataSet
实例后,请使用
HistoryClient.insertData
方法异步添加这些历史数据。
Kotlin
Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .insertData(dataSet) .addOnSuccessListener { Log.i(TAG, "DataSet added successfully!") } .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG, "There was an error adding the DataSet", e) }
Java
Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .insertData(dataSet) .addOnSuccessListener (unused -> Log.i(TAG, "DataSet added successfully!")) .addOnFailureListener(e -> Log.w(TAG, "There was an error adding the DataSet", e)); }
管理有冲突的数据点
每个
DataPoint
在应用的 DataSet
中,必须具有 startTime
和 endTime
,后者用于定义
该DataSet
内的唯一区间,DataPoint
之间没有重叠
实例。
如果您的应用尝试插入与现有 DataPoint
冲突的新 DataPoint
DataPoint
实例,系统会舍弃新的 DataPoint
。要插入新的
DataPoint
,请使用
HistoryClient.updateData
更新数据中介绍的方法。
图 1. insertData()
方法如何处理
与现有 DataPoint
冲突。
更新数据
Google 健身可让您的应用更新健康和健身数据
。要为新DataSet
添加历史数据,或要添加新
与现有数据不冲突的 DataPoint
个实例
积分,请使用 HistoryApi.insertData
方法。
如需更新历史数据,请使用 HistoryClient.updateData
方法。这个
方法用于删除与 DataPoint
重叠的任何现有 DataPoint
实例
使用该方法添加的实例。
若要更新历史健康和健身数据,请先创建一个DataSet
实例:
Kotlin
// Declare that the historical data was collected during the past 50 minutes. val endTime = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()) val startTime = endTime.minusMinutes(50) // Create a data source val dataSource = DataSource.Builder() .setAppPackageName(this) .setDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA) .setStreamName("$TAG - step count") .setType(DataSource.TYPE_RAW) .build() // Create a data set // For each data point, specify a start time, end time, and the // data value -- in this case, 1000 new steps. val stepCountDelta = 1000 val dataPoint = DataPoint.builder(dataSource) .setTimeInterval(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .setField(Field.FIELD_STEPS, stepCountDelta) .build() val dataSet = DataSet.builder(dataSource) .add(dataPoint) .build()
Java
// Declare that the historical data was collected during the past 50 minutes. ZonedDateTime endTime = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()); ZonedDateTime startTime = endTime.minusMinutes(50); // Create a data source DataSource dataSource = new DataSource.Builder() .setAppPackageName(this) .setDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA) .setStreamName("$TAG - step count") .setType(DataSource.TYPE_RAW) .build(); // Create a data set // For each data point, specify a start time, end time, and the // data value -- in this case, 1000 new steps. int stepCountDelta = 1000; DataPoint dataPoint = DataPoint.builder(dataSource) .setTimeInterval(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .setField(Field.FIELD_STEPS, stepCountDelta) .build(); DataSet dataSet = DataSet.builder(dataSource) .add(dataPoint) .build();
然后,使用 DataUpdateRequest.Builder()
创建新的数据更新请求,以及
使用 HistoryClient.updateData
方法发出请求:
Kotlin
val request = DataUpdateRequest.Builder() .setDataSet(dataSet) .setTimeInterval(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build() Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .updateData(request) .addOnSuccessListener { Log.i(TAG, "DataSet updated successfully!") } .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG, "There was an error updating the DataSet", e) }
Java
DataUpdateRequest request = new DataUpdateRequest.Builder() .setDataSet(dataSet) .setTimeInterval(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .build(); Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .updateData(request) .addOnSuccessListener(unused -> Log.i(TAG, "DataSet updated successfully!")) .addOnFailureListener(e -> Log.w(TAG, "There was an error updating the DataSet", e));
删除数据
Google 健身允许您的应用删除健康和健身历史数据 。
要删除历史数据,请使用
HistoryClient.deleteData
方法:
Kotlin
// Declare that this code deletes step count information that was collected // throughout the past day. val endTime = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()) val startTime = endTime.minusDays(1) // Create a delete request object, providing a data type and a time interval val request = DataDeleteRequest.Builder() .setTimeInterval(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .addDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA) .build() // Invoke the History API with the HistoryClient object and delete request, and // then specify a callback that will check the result. Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .deleteData(request) .addOnSuccessListener { Log.i(TAG, "Data deleted successfully!") } .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG, "There was an error with the deletion request", e) }
Java
// Declare that this code deletes step count information that was collected // throughout the past day. ZonedDateTime endTime = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()); ZonedDateTime startTime = endTime.minusDays(1); // Create a delete request object, providing a data type and a time interval DataDeleteRequest request = new DataDeleteRequest.Builder() .setTimeInterval(startTime.toEpochSecond(), endTime.toEpochSecond(), TimeUnit.SECONDS) .addDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA) .build(); // Invoke the History API with the HistoryClient object and delete request, and // then specify a callback that will check the result. Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .deleteData(request) .addOnSuccessListener (unused -> Log.i(TAG, "Data deleted successfully!")) .addOnFailureListener(e -> Log.w(TAG, "There was an error with the deletion request", e));
应用可以删除特定会话中的数据,或
删除所有数据。有关详情,请参阅
DataDeleteRequest
。
注册以接收数据更新
您的应用可以通过向
SensorsClient
。
对于频率较低且需手动统计的其他类型的数据,
将这些测量结果插入
Google 健身数据库。这些数据类型的示例包括身高、
例如举重有关详情,请参阅完整列表
受支持的数据类型。
如需注册以接收更新,请使用
HistoryClient.registerDataUpdateListener
。
以下代码段可让应用在用户输入新的 权重值:
Kotlin
val intent = Intent(this, MyDataUpdateService::class.java) val pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(this, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT) val request = DataUpdateListenerRegistrationRequest.Builder() .setDataType(DataType.TYPE_WEIGHT) .setPendingIntent(pendingIntent) .build() Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .registerDataUpdateListener(request) .addOnSuccessListener { Log.i(TAG, "DataUpdateListener registered") }
Java
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MyDataUpdateService.class); PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(this, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT) DataUpdateListenerRegistrationRequest request = new DataUpdateListenerRegistrationRequest.Builder() .setDataType(DataType.TYPE_WEIGHT) .setPendingIntent(pendingIntent) .build(); Fitness.getHistoryClient(this, GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(this, fitnessOptions)) .registerDataUpdateListener(request) .addOnSuccessListener(unused -> Log.i(TAG, "DataUpdateListener registered"));
IntentService
可用于接收更新通知:
Kotlin
class MyDataUpdateService : IntentService("MyDataUpdateService") { override fun onHandleIntent(intent: Intent?) { val update = DataUpdateNotification.getDataUpdateNotification(intent) // Show the time interval over which the data points were collected. // To extract specific data values, in this case the user's weight, // use DataReadRequest. update?.apply { val start = getUpdateStartTime(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) val end = getUpdateEndTime(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) Log.i(TAG, "Data Update start: $start end: $end DataType: ${dataType.name}") } } }
Java
public class MyDataUpdateService extends IntentService { public MyDataUpdateService(String name) { super("MyDataUpdateService"); } @Override protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent) { if (intent != null) { DataUpdateNotification update = DataUpdateNotification.getDataUpdateNotification(intent); // Show the time interval over which the data points // were collected. // To extract specific data values, in this case the user's weight, // use DataReadRequest. if (update != null) { long start = update.getUpdateStartTime(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); long end = update.getUpdateEndTime(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); } Log.i(TAG, "Data Update start: $start end: $end DataType: ${dataType.name}"); } } }
必须在 AndroidManifest.xml
文件中声明 IntentService
。