نقترح عليك تجربة مشكلة في ممرّض التمريض في قسم في مستشفى معيّن. هناك ثلاث نوبات من 12 ساعة يوميًا تبدأ من 7 ساعات و13 ساعة و19 ساعة. يمتد أفق التخطيط على مدى أربعة أيام، بدءًا من 01-05-2023، بإجمالي 12 متغيّر. هناك أربع ممرضات مسجّلات يمكن تخصيصهن لهذين التحوّلَين، ويتمثل هدفهما في الحصول على ممرّضَين في القسم في أي وقت. إنّ متطلبات التغطية إلزامية.
يجب أن تستغرق جميع الممرضين فترة راحة لمدة 12 ساعة على الأقل (720 دقيقة)، ويمكن أن يعملون لمدة 36 ساعة (2160 دقيقة) على الأكثر خلال أفق التخطيط المحدّد. وتكون لهذه القيود أولوية عالية ومتوسطة على التوالي.
عدة تغييرات في اليوم
تمثّل ثلاث نوبات عمل يوميًا ثلاث نوبات عمل مستقلة. على سبيل المثال، يتم تمثيل تغييرات اليوم الأول (من أربعة أيام) في موقع "القسم" على النحو التالي:
{
"shifts": [{
"id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
}
},
...
]
}
مثال مع 12 نوبة (أربعة أيام مع ثلاث نوبات لكل يوم)
{
"shifts": [{
"id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
}
}]
}
الراحة بين نوبات العمل
لتمثيل الباقي بين نوبات العمل لأحد الموظفين، استخدِم الحقل minimumRestMinutes من القيود المفروضة على الجدولة. ويتم استخدام أوقات البدء والانتهاء للقيد لتحديد التحولات التي يجب مراعاتها، وبالتالي يجب أن تتوافق مع أفق التخطيط من خلال التداخل مع كل التغييرات. يتم تحديد وقت الراحة بالدقائق (720) والأولوية هي PRIORITY_HIGH كما هو موضّح أعلاه. ويتم تمثيل الممرض الأول (باسم "آدم") على النحو التالي:
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}]
}
}
الحد الأقصى لوقت العمل
ويُمثَّل أيضًا الحد الأقصى للوقت الذي يمكن أن سيعمل فيه الموظف بقيود على الجدولة باستخدام الحقل maximumMinutes. الحد الأقصى لوقت العمل في هذا المثال هو 2160 دقيقة. ويجب أن تتوافق أوقات البدء والانتهاء للقيود مع أفق التخطيط بأكمله. يمكن تعديل التمثيل المقابل للممرّضة الأولى (آدم) إلى:
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}
}
مثال مع كل الموظفين الأربعة
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Grace",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "James",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Alonso",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}]
}
تغطية الممرضين المسجّلين
يتم تغطية تغطية ممرّضَين مسجَّلَين في أيّ وقت بمتطلبات التغطية. على وجه الخصوص، تم ملء roleRequirements
بمتطلّب دور واحد تم ضبط roleId له على
"ممرّضة مسجّلة"، وتم ضبط targetEmployeeCount على 2 وضبط priority على
PRIORITY_MANDATORY. يجب أن تتداخل وقتا البدء والانتهاء لشرط التغطية
مع كل وردية. تم ضبط الحقل locationId على "القسم"، وبالتالي لا يتم أخذ سوى التغييرات في الموقع الجغرافي في الاعتبار.
{
"coverageRequirements": [{
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"locationId": "department",
"roleRequirements": [{
"roleId": "Registered Nurse",
"targetEmployeeCount": 2,
"priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
}]
}],
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"locationIds": ["department"]
}
مثال على طلب كامل
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Grace",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "James",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Alonso",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}],
"shifts": [{
"id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
}
}],
"coverageRequirements": [{
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"locationId": "department",
"roleRequirements": [{
"roleId": "Registered Nurse",
"targetEmployeeCount": 2,
"priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
}]
}],
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"locationIds": ["department"]
}
مثال على الرد
تتضمن استجابة أداة الحلّ تعيين الممرضين إلى نوبات العمل وحالة إجراء التحسين. على سبيل المثال، يتم عرض التحولات التي يتم إسنادها إلى الموظف الأول على النحو التالي:
{
"solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
"shiftAssignments": [
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
... ]
}
مثال على إجابة كاملة
{
"solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
"shiftAssignments": [
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
}
]
}