Considere un problema de enfermería con la agenda de un departamento en un hospital en particular. Todos los días, hay tres turnos de 12 horas que comienzan a las 7 h, 13 h y 19 h. El horizonte de planificación es de cuatro días, a partir del 1 de mayo de 2023, para un total de 12 cambios. Hay cuatro enfermeras registradas que se pueden asignar a estos turnos, con el objetivo de tener dos enfermeros en el departamento en cualquier momento. El requisito de cobertura es obligatorio.
Todas las enfermeras deben descansar entre los turnos durante al menos 12 horas (720 minutos) y pueden trabajar como máximo 36 horas (2,160 minutos) durante el horizonte de planificación especificado. Estas restricciones tienen una prioridad alta y media, respectivamente.
Varios turnos por día
Tres turnos por día se representan como tres turnos independientes. Por ejemplo, los cambios del primer día (de cuatro) en la ubicación de “departamento” se representan de la siguiente manera:
{
"shifts": [{
"id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
}
},
...
]
}
Ejemplo con 12 turnos (cuatro días con tres turnos por día)
{
"shifts": [{
"id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
}
}]
}
Descansa entre los turnos
Para representar el resto entre los turnos de un empleado, usa el campo minimumRestMinutes de una restricción de programación. Las horas de inicio y finalización de la restricción se usan para determinar qué turnos deben considerar y, por lo tanto, deben alinearse con un horizonte de planificación mediante la superposición con todos los turnos. El tiempo de descanso se especifica en minutos (720) y la prioridad es PRIORITY_HIGH, como se indicó anteriormente. La primera enfermera (llamada Adam) se representa de la siguiente manera:
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}]
}
}
Tiempo de trabajo máximo
La cantidad máxima de tiempo que un empleado puede trabajar también se representa con una restricción de programación mediante el campo maximumMinutes. El tiempo de trabajo máximo en este ejemplo es de 2,160 minutos. Las horas de inicio y finalización de la restricción deben alinearse con todo el horizonte de planificación. La representación correspondiente para la primera enfermera (Adam) se puede actualizar a:
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}
}
Ejemplo con los cuatro empleados
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Grace",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "James",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Alonso",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}]
}
Cobertura para enfermeros registrados
La cobertura de dos enfermeras registradas se representa en cualquier momento con un requisito de cobertura. En particular, roleRequirements se completa con un requisito de función para el que roleId se establece en "Enfermero registrado", targetEmployeeCount se establece en 2 y priority se establece en PRIORITY_MANDATORY. Las horas de inicio y finalización del requisito de cobertura deben superponerse con cada cambio. El campo locationId está configurado como “departamento”, por lo que solo se consideran los cambios en esta ubicación.
{
"coverageRequirements": [{
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"locationId": "department",
"roleRequirements": [{
"roleId": "Registered Nurse",
"targetEmployeeCount": 2,
"priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
}]
}],
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"locationIds": ["department"]
}
Ejemplo de una solicitud completa
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Grace",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "James",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Alonso",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}],
"shifts": [{
"id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
}
}],
"coverageRequirements": [{
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"locationId": "department",
"roleRequirements": [{
"roleId": "Registered Nurse",
"targetEmployeeCount": 2,
"priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
}]
}],
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"locationIds": ["department"]
}
Ejemplo de respuesta
La respuesta del solucionador contiene la asignación de enfermeros a los turnos y el estado del procedimiento de optimización. Por ejemplo, los turnos asignados al primer empleado se muestran de la siguiente manera:
{
"solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
"shiftAssignments": [
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
... ]
}
Ejemplo de una respuesta completa
{
"solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
"shiftAssignments": [
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
}
]
}