חשבו על בעיה בתזמון אחות של מחלקה בבית חולים מסוים. מדי יום יש שלוש משמרות של 12 שעות, החל מ-7 שעות, 13 שעות ו-19 שעות. אופק התכנון הוא ארבעה ימים, החל מ-1 במאי 2023, בסה"כ 12 שינויים. יש ארבע אחיות רשומות שניתן להקצות למשרות האלה, עם היעד של שתי אחיות במחלקה בכל זמן נתון. דרישת הכיסוי היא חובה.
כל האחיות צריכות לנוח בין משמרות למשך 12 שעות לפחות (720 דקות), והן יכולות לפעול עד 36 שעות (2160 דקות) באופק התכנון שצוין. לאילוצים אלה יש עדיפות גבוהה ובינונית, בהתאמה.
מספר משמרות ביום
שלוש משמרות ביום מיוצגות כשלוש משמרות עצמאיות. לדוגמה, העברות ל"יום הראשון" (מתוך ארבעה ימים) במיקום "מחלקה" מיוצגות כך:
{
"shifts": [{
"id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
}
},
...
]
}
דוגמה ל-12 משמרות (ארבעה ימים עם שלוש משמרות ביום)
{
"shifts": [{
"id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
}
}]
}
מנוחה בין משמרות
כדי לייצג את שאר המשמרות בין עובדים, השתמשו בשדה minimumRestMinutes מאילוץ תזמון. זמני ההתחלה והסיום של האילוץ משמשים לקביעת השינויים שצריך לקחת בחשבון, ולכן הם צריכים להתאים לאופק התכנון על ידי חפיפה עם כל השינויים. זמן המנוחה מפורט בדקות (720) והעדיפות היא PRIORITY_HIGH, כפי שצוין למעלה. האחות הראשונה (שנקראת אדם), מיוצגת על ידי:
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}]
}
}
זמן עבודה מקסימלי
גם לזמן המקסימלי שבו עובד עובד, מיוצגת אילוץ תזמון באמצעות השדה maximumMinutes. בדוגמה הזו, זמן העבודה המקסימלי הוא 2160 דקות. זמני ההתחלה והסיום של האילוץ צריכים להתאים לכל אופק התכנון. תוכלו לעדכן את הייצוג התואם של האחות הראשונה (אדם) ל:
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}
}
דוגמה לכל ארבעת העובדים
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Grace",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "James",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Alonso",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}]
}
כיסוי לאחיות רפואיות רשומות
הכיסוי של שתי אחיות רשומות בכל רגע נתון מיוצג בדרישות כיסוי. באופן ספציפי, ב-roleRequirements יש ערך אחד של דרישת תפקיד שעבורו הערך של roleId הוא "Nאחות רשומה", הערך של targetEmployeeCount הוא 2 והתפקיד priority מוגדר כ-PRIORITY_MANDATORY. זמני ההתחלה והסיום של דרישת הכיסוי צריכים להיות חופפים בכל שינוי. השדה locationId מוגדר ל "מחלקות" כדי שהמערכת מתייחסת רק לשינויים שמתרחשים במיקום הזה.
{
"coverageRequirements": [{
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"locationId": "department",
"roleRequirements": [{
"roleId": "Registered Nurse",
"targetEmployeeCount": 2,
"priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
}]
}],
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"locationIds": ["department"]
}
דוגמה לבקשה מלאה
{
"employees": [{
"id": "Adam",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Grace",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "James",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}, {
"id": "Alonso",
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"schedulingConstraints": [{
"priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"minimumRestMinutes": 720
}, {
"priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"maximumMinutes": 2160
}]
}],
"shifts": [{
"id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 2,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 3,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 13
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 1
}
}, {
"id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"locationId": "department",
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 4,
"hours": 19
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
}
}],
"coverageRequirements": [{
"startDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 1,
"hours": 7
},
"endDateTime": {
"year": 2023,
"month": 5,
"day": 5,
"hours": 7
},
"locationId": "department",
"roleRequirements": [{
"roleId": "Registered Nurse",
"targetEmployeeCount": 2,
"priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
}]
}],
"roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
"locationIds": ["department"]
}
דוגמה לתגובה
התשובה של פותר הבעיות מכילה את הקצאת האחיות למשמרת ואת הסטטוס של תהליך האופטימיזציה. לדוגמה, תזוזה של עובדים מהעובדים הראשונים מוחזרת כך:
{
"solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
"shiftAssignments": [
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
... ]
}
דוגמה לתגובה מלאה
{
"solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
"shiftAssignments": [
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Adam",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Grace",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "James",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
},
{
"employeeId": "Alonso",
"shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
"roleId": "Registered Nurse"
}
]
}