नर्स शेड्यूलिंग

किसी हॉस्पिटल के डिपार्टमेंट के लिए, नर्स की शेड्यूल से जुड़ी समस्या ठीक करने की कोशिश करें. हर दिन, 12 घंटे के अंदर 7 घंटे, 13 घंटे और 19 घंटे के बीच तीन शिफ़्ट होते हैं. क्षितिज का साल 2023-05-2023 से चार दिनों के लिए होगा. यह कुल 12 शिफ़्ट हैं. रजिस्टर की गई इन चार नर्स को चार शिफ़्ट में असाइन किया जाता है. इसका लक्ष्य एक ही समय में किसी डिपार्टमेंट में दो नर्स इकट्ठा करना होता है. कवरेज की ज़रूरी शर्त है.

सभी नर्स को कम से कम 12 घंटे (720 मिनट) तक शिफ़्ट करना पड़ता है. हालांकि, वे नर्स के हिसाब से प्लान बनाने में तय समय के दौरान 36 घंटे (2160 मिनट) तक लग सकती हैं. इन प्रतिबंधों को क्रम में सबसे ज़्यादा और मध्यम प्राथमिकता दी जाती है.

हर दिन कई शिफ़्ट

हर दिन तीन बदलावों को तीन अलग-अलग बदलावों के तौर पर दिखाया गया है. उदाहरण के लिए, "डिपार्टमेंट" जगह पर पहले दिन (चार दिनों में से) को शिफ़्ट करने को इस तरह दिखाया जाता है:

  {
    "shifts": [{
      "id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 7
      }
    },
    ...
    ]
  }

12 शिफ़्ट के साथ उदाहरण (हर दिन तीन शिफ़्ट के साथ चार दिन)

    {
      "shifts": [{
      "id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 5,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 5,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }]
  }
  

शिफ़्ट के बीच आराम करें

किसी कर्मचारी के लिए शिफ़्ट के बीच के बाकी बचे हिस्सों को दिखाने के लिए, शेड्यूलिंग कंस्ट्रेंट में मौजूद minimumRestMinutes फ़ील्ड का इस्तेमाल करें. कंस्ट्रेंट के शुरू और खत्म होने के समय का इस्तेमाल, यह तय करने के लिए किया जाता है कि किन बदलावों पर विचार करना है. इसलिए, यह ज़रूरी है कि सभी बदलावों को ओवरलैप करते हुए, आपके पास प्लानिंग के हिसाब से अलाइन होने का विकल्प हो. आराम का समय (720 मिनट में) बताया जाता है और प्राथमिकता की जानकारी PRIORITY_HIGH में दी गई है. पहली नर्स का नाम एडम है.

  {
    "employees": [{
      "id": "Adam",
      "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
      "schedulingConstraints": [{
        "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "minimumRestMinutes": 720
      }]
    }
  }

काम करने की ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा अवधि

कोई कर्मचारी ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा कितने समय तक काम कर सकता है, इससे जुड़ी जानकारी पाने के लिए, maximumMinutesशेड्यूल फ़ील्ड का इस्तेमाल करके, शेड्यूलिंग कंस्ट्रेंट को भी दिखाया गया है. इस उदाहरण में, ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा 2,160 मिनट काम कर सकते हैं. कंस्ट्रेंट के शुरू और खत्म होने का समय, पूरी योजना के मुताबिक होना चाहिए. पहली नर्स के लिए प्रज़ेंटेशन को अपडेट किया जा सकता है. इसके लिए:

  {
    "employees": [{
      "id": "Adam",
      "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
      "schedulingConstraints": [{
        "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "minimumRestMinutes": 720
      }, {
        "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "maximumMinutes": 2160
      }]
    }
  }

चारों कर्मचारियों वाला उदाहरण

  {
      "employees": [{
        "id": "Adam",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Grace",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "James",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Alonso",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }]
  }
  

रजिस्टर की गई नर्सों के लिए कवरेज

किसी भी समय पर रजिस्टर की गई दो नर्सों की कवरेज को कवरेज नीति के तहत दिखाया जाता है. खास तौर पर, roleRequirements में एक भूमिका की ज़रूरत है, जिसके लिए roleId को "रजिस्टर्ड नर्स" पर सेट किया गया है, targetEmployeeCount को 2 पर और priority को PRIORITY_MANDATORY पर सेट किया गया है. कवरेज की ज़रूरत के शुरू और खत्म होने के समय को हर बदलाव में बदला जाना चाहिए. locationId फ़ील्ड "डिपार्टमेंट" पर सेट है, ताकि सिर्फ़ इस जगह पर होने वाले बदलावों को माना जाए.

  {
    "coverageRequirements": [{
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 5,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "locationId": "department",
      "roleRequirements": [{
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse",
        "targetEmployeeCount": 2,
        "priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
      }]
    }],
    "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
    "locationIds": ["department"]
  }

पूरे अनुरोध का उदाहरण

    {
      "employees": [{
        "id": "Adam",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Grace",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "James",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Alonso",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }],
      "shifts": [{
        "id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }],
      "coverageRequirements": [{
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "locationId": "department",
        "roleRequirements": [{
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse",
          "targetEmployeeCount": 2,
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
        }]
      }],
      "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
      "locationIds": ["department"]
    }
    

जवाब का उदाहरण

सॉल्वर के जवाबों में नर्सों को शिफ़्ट करना और ऑप्टिमाइज़ेशन प्रोसेस की स्थिति शामिल होती है. उदाहरण के लिए, पहले कर्मचारी को असाइन किए गए बदलाव इस रूप में दिखाए जाते हैं:

  {
    "solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
    "shiftAssignments": [
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      ... ]
  }

रिस्पॉन्स का एक पूरा उदाहरण

    {
      "solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
      "shiftAssignments": [
        {
          "employeeId": "Adam",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Adam",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Adam",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Adam",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Grace",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Grace",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Grace",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Grace",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "James",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "James",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "James",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "James",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Alonso",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Alonso",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Alonso",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Alonso",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        }
      ]
    }