調節排程範例
透過集合功能整理內容
你可以依據偏好儲存及分類內容。
以下範例說明如何使用 Python requests
呼叫 API
使用 API 金鑰進行驗證。使用方法:
- 安裝 Python
requests
程式庫。使用指令列:pip install
requests
。
- 將下列 Python 程式儲存到電腦,命名為
example.py
。
- 將 example_request.json 檔案儲存在與程式相同的目錄中 (這是 JSON 要求範例)。
- 在程式所在的目錄中建立
credentials.json
檔案,並使用
{"key": "your_api_key"}
- 從指令列執行範例:
python example.py
。
# example.py
import json
import requests
def run_example():
"""Calls the OR API to solve a shift scheduling problem."""
# Endpoint for the workforce scheduling solver in the OR API.
end_point = "https://optimization.googleapis.com/v1/scheduling:solveShiftScheduling"
# Read the API Key from a JSON file with the format:
# {"key": "your_api_key"}
with open("credentials.json") as f:
credentials = json.load(f)
api_key = credentials["key"]
# Load the JSON file with the request.
with open("example_request.json", "r") as f:
json_request = json.load(f)
# Call the API post method.
response = requests.post(f"{end_point}?key={api_key}", json=json_request)
# Process the response.
if response.ok:
solution = json.loads(response.content)
with open("example_response.json", "w") as f:
json.dump(solution, f, indent=2)
print(solution)
else:
error = json.loads(response.content)["error"]
print(f'Status code {error["code"]}: {error["message"]}')
if __name__ == "__main__":
run_example()
如何設定截止日期?
期限會決定呼叫 API 所需的時間上限。
使用者可以同時設定用戶端和伺服器期限。在 OR API 中,
這個期限可告知後端伺服器如何
接收要求、執行基礎解題工具,以及傳回
回應。相對來說,用戶端期限適合用來設定
用戶端應用程式 (即呼叫 OR API 的應用程式) 都會傳送給
等候回應,然後再逾時。
下列程式碼片段會在
要求的工作階段標頭用戶端期限已設為 60 秒。
伺服器期限必須早於要考量的用戶端期限
通訊負擔這裡,我們將伺服器期限設為用戶端的 95%
但實際期限會因應用程式而異。請注意,API
鍵也移至工作階段標頭,以便發出 session.post(...)
呼叫
更簡潔。
# Call the API post method.
session = requests.Session()
client_deadline_seconds = 60
server_deadline_seconds = 0.95 * client_deadline_seconds
session.headers = {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
"Connection": "keep-alive",
"Keep-Alive": f"timeout={client_deadline_seconds}, max=1",
"X-Server-Timeout": f"{server_deadline_seconds}",
"X-Goog-Api-Key": api_key,
}
response = session.post(end_point, json=json_request, timeout=client_deadline_seconds)
除非另有註明,否則本頁面中的內容是採用創用 CC 姓名標示 4.0 授權,程式碼範例則為阿帕契 2.0 授權。詳情請參閱《Google Developers 網站政策》。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其關聯企業的註冊商標。
上次更新時間:2024-09-12 (世界標準時間)。
[null,null,["上次更新時間:2024-09-12 (世界標準時間)。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis page provides a Python example using the \u003ccode\u003erequests\u003c/code\u003e library to call the Optimization API's shift scheduling solver.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eUsers need to install the \u003ccode\u003erequests\u003c/code\u003e library, prepare an API key, and use the provided JSON request file to run the example.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe example demonstrates how to send a request to the API, handle the response, and save the solution to a file.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe page also explains how to set client and server deadlines to manage the request's execution time.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["This document details using Python's `requests` library to call an API with authentication. Key steps include installing `requests`, saving example Python and JSON files, and creating a `credentials.json` file with the API key. The `example.py` script reads the API key and request data, makes a POST request to the API endpoint, and processes the response. It also explains setting client and server deadlines, demonstrated by defining both in the request session headers.\n"],null,["# Shift Scheduling Example\n\nThe following example showcases how to call the API with the Python `requests`\nlibrary, using an API key for authentication. To use it:\n\n- Install the Python `requests` library. From your command line: `pip install\n requests`.\n- Save the following Python program to your computer, naming it `example.py`.\n- Save the [example_request.json](/static/optimization/service/scheduling/shift_scheduling_request.json) file in the same directory as your program (this is a sample JSON [request](/optimization/service/reference/rest/v1/scheduling/solveShiftScheduling)).\n- Create a `credentials.json` file in the same directory as your program, with `{\"key\": \"your_api_key\"}`\n- Run the example from the command line: `python example.py`.\n\n\n # example.py\n import json\n import requests\n\n def run_example():\n \"\"\"Calls the OR API to solve a shift scheduling problem.\"\"\"\n \n # Endpoint for the workforce scheduling solver in the OR API.\n end_point = \"https://optimization.googleapis.com/v1/scheduling:solveShiftScheduling\"\n \n # Read the API Key from a JSON file with the format:\n # {\"key\": \"your_api_key\"}\n with open(\"credentials.json\") as f:\n credentials = json.load(f)\n api_key = credentials[\"key\"]\n\n # Load the JSON file with the request.\n with open(\"example_request.json\", \"r\") as f:\n json_request = json.load(f)\n\n # Call the API post method.\n response = requests.post(f\"{end_point}?key={api_key}\", json=json_request)\n\n # Process the response.\n if response.ok:\n solution = json.loads(response.content)\n with open(\"example_response.json\", \"w\") as f:\n json.dump(solution, f, indent=2)\n print(solution)\n else:\n error = json.loads(response.content)[\"error\"]\n print(f'Status code {error[\"code\"]}: {error[\"message\"]}')\n\n if __name__ == \"__main__\":\n run_example()\n\nHow to set deadlines?\n---------------------\n\nA deadline determines the maximum wall time that a call to the API should take.\nA user can set both client and server deadlines. In the context of the OR API, a\nserver deadline is the more useful one as it informs the backend server of how\nmuch time it has to receive a request, run the underlying solver, and return a\nresponse. In contrast, client deadlines are useful to set the maximum time that\nthe client application (i.e., the application calling the OR API) is going to\nwait for a response, before timing out.\n\nThe following code snippet sets both a client and a server deadline in the\nsession headers of the request. The client deadline is set to 60 seconds. The\nserver deadline should be less than the client deadline to account for\ncommunication overhead. Here we set the server deadline to be 95% of the client\ndeadline, but this can vary depending on the application. Notice that the API\nkey was also moved to the session headers to make the `session.post(...)` call\ncleaner. \n\n\n\n # Call the API post method.\n session = requests.Session()\n client_deadline_seconds = 60\n server_deadline_seconds = 0.95 * client_deadline_seconds\n session.headers = {\n \"Content-Type\": \"application/json\",\n \"Connection\": \"keep-alive\",\n \"Keep-Alive\": f\"timeout={client_deadline_seconds}, max=1\",\n \"X-Server-Timeout\": f\"{server_deadline_seconds}\",\n \"X-Goog-Api-Key\": api_key,\n }\n response = session.post(end_point, json=json_request, timeout=client_deadline_seconds)"]]