إنشاء جدول بيانات
تنظيم صفحاتك في مجموعات
يمكنك حفظ المحتوى وتصنيفه حسب إعداداتك المفضّلة.
توضّح هذه الصفحة كيفية إنشاء جدول بيانات.
مثال
لإنشاء جدول بيانات، استخدِم طريقة create في مجموعة spreadsheets، كما هو موضّح في المثال التالي.
ينشئ هذا المثال جدول بيانات فارغًا بعنوان محدّد.
العمل مع مجلدات Google Drive
لا يتوفّر خيار إنشاء جدول بيانات مباشرةً داخل مجلد محدّد في Drive باستخدام واجهة برمجة التطبيقات الخاصة بـ "جداول بيانات Google". يتم تلقائيًا حفظ جدول البيانات الذي تم إنشاؤه في المجلد الجذر للمستخدم على Drive.
ومع ذلك، هناك بديلان لحفظ ملف في مجلد على Drive:
- بعد إنشاء جدول البيانات، يمكنك نقله إلى مجلد معيّن باستخدام طريقة files.update في Drive API. لمزيد من المعلومات حول نقل الملفات، يُرجى الرجوع إلى نقل الملفات بين المجلدات.
- أضِف جدول بيانات فارغًا إلى مجلد باستخدام طريقة files.create في Drive API، مع تحديد
application/vnd.google-apps.spreadsheet
كـ mimeType
. لمزيد من المعلومات عن إنشاء الملفات، يُرجى الاطّلاع على إنشاء ملف في مجلد.
في كلتا الحالتين، عليك إضافة نطاقات
Drive API المناسبة لتفويض الطلب.
لنقل ملف أو إنشائه داخل مجلد في مساحة تخزين سحابي مشتركة، يُرجى الرجوع إلى تنفيذ إمكانية استخدام مساحة التخزين السحابي المشتركة.
لمزيد من المعلومات عن الحدود القصوى للخلايا والصفوف في "جداول بيانات Google"، يُرجى الاطّلاع على الملفات التي يمكنك تخزينها في Google Drive.
إنّ محتوى هذه الصفحة مرخّص بموجب ترخيص Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 ما لم يُنصّ على خلاف ذلك، ونماذج الرموز مرخّصة بموجب ترخيص Apache 2.0. للاطّلاع على التفاصيل، يُرجى مراجعة سياسات موقع Google Developers. إنّ Java هي علامة تجارية مسجَّلة لشركة Oracle و/أو شركائها التابعين.
تاريخ التعديل الأخير: 2025-08-29 (حسب التوقيت العالمي المتفَّق عليه)
[null,null,["تاريخ التعديل الأخير: 2025-08-29 (حسب التوقيت العالمي المتفَّق عليه)"],[],[],null,["# Create a spreadsheet\n\nThis page describes how to create a spreadsheet.\n\nExample\n-------\n\nTo create a spreadsheet, use the [create](/workspace/sheets/api/reference/rest/v4/spreadsheets/create)\nmethod on the [spreadsheets](/workspace/sheets/api/reference/rest/v4/spreadsheets) collection, as shown in the following example.\n\nThis example creates a blank spreadsheet with a specified title. \n\n### Apps Script\n\nsheets/api/spreadsheet_snippets.gs \n[View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/apps-script-samples/blob/main/sheets/api/spreadsheet_snippets.gs) \n\n```javascript\n/**\n * Creates a new sheet using the sheets advanced services\n * @param {string} title the name of the sheet to be created\n * @returns {string} the spreadsheet ID\n */\nSnippets.prototype.create = (title) =\u003e {\n // This code uses the Sheets Advanced Service, but for most use cases\n // the built-in method SpreadsheetApp.create() is more appropriate.\n try {\n let sheet = Sheets.newSpreadsheet();\n sheet.properties = Sheets.newSpreadsheetProperties();\n sheet.properties.title = title;\n const spreadsheet = Sheets.Spreadsheets.create(sheet);\n\n return spreadsheet.spreadsheetId;\n } catch (err) {\n // TODO (developer) - Handle exception\n console.log('Failed with error %s', err.message);\n }\n};\n```\n\n### Java\n\nsheets/snippets/src/main/java/Create.java \n[View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/java-samples/blob/main/sheets/snippets/src/main/java/Create.java) \n\n```java\nimport com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;\nimport com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;\nimport com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;\nimport com.google.api.services.sheets.v4.Sheets;\nimport com.google.api.services.sheets.v4.SheetsScopes;\nimport com.google.api.services.sheets.v4.model.Spreadsheet;\nimport com.google.api.services.sheets.v4.model.SpreadsheetProperties;\nimport com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;\nimport com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;\nimport java.io.IOException;\nimport java.util.Collections;\n\n/* Class to demonstrate the use of Spreadsheet Create API */\npublic class Create {\n /**\n * Create a new spreadsheet.\n *\n * @param title - the name of the sheet to be created.\n * @return newly created spreadsheet id\n * @throws IOException - if credentials file not found.\n */\n public static String createSpreadsheet(String title) throws IOException {\n /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.\n TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for\n guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */\n GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()\n .createScoped(Collections.singleton(SheetsScopes.SPREADSHEETS));\n HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter(\n credentials);\n\n // Create the sheets API client\n Sheets service = new Sheets.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(),\n GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),\n requestInitializer)\n .setApplicationName(\"Sheets samples\")\n .build();\n\n // Create new spreadsheet with a title\n Spreadsheet spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet()\n .setProperties(new SpreadsheetProperties()\n .setTitle(title));\n spreadsheet = service.spreadsheets().create(spreadsheet)\n .setFields(\"spreadsheetId\")\n .execute();\n // Prints the new spreadsheet id\n System.out.println(\"Spreadsheet ID: \" + spreadsheet.getSpreadsheetId());\n return spreadsheet.getSpreadsheetId();\n }\n}\n```\n\n### JavaScript\n\nsheets/snippets/sheets_create.js \n[View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/browser-samples/blob/main/sheets/snippets/sheets_create.js) \n\n```javascript\nfunction create(title, callback) {\n try {\n gapi.client.sheets.spreadsheets.create({\n properties: {\n title: title,\n },\n }).then((response) =\u003e {\n if (callback) callback(response);\n console.log('Spreadsheet ID: ' + response.result.spreadsheetId);\n });\n } catch (err) {\n document.getElementById('content').innerText = err.message;\n return;\n }\n}\n```\n\n### Node.js\n\nsheets/snippets/sheets_create.js \n[View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/node-samples/blob/main/sheets/snippets/sheets_create.js) \n\n```javascript\n/**\n * Create a google spreadsheet\n * @param {string} title Spreadsheets title\n * @return {string} Created spreadsheets ID\n */\nasync function create(title) {\n const {GoogleAuth} = require('google-auth-library');\n const {google} = require('googleapis');\n\n const auth = new GoogleAuth({\n scopes: 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/spreadsheets',\n });\n\n const service = google.sheets({version: 'v4', auth});\n const resource = {\n properties: {\n title,\n },\n };\n try {\n const spreadsheet = await service.spreadsheets.create({\n resource,\n fields: 'spreadsheetId',\n });\n console.log(`Spreadsheet ID: ${spreadsheet.data.spreadsheetId}`);\n return spreadsheet.data.spreadsheetId;\n } catch (err) {\n // TODO (developer) - Handle exception\n throw err;\n }\n}\n```\n\n### PHP\n\nsheets/snippets/src/SpreadsheetCreate.php \n[View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/php-samples/blob/main/sheets/snippets/src/SpreadsheetCreate.php) \n\n```php\n\u003c?php\nuse Google\\Client;\nuse Google\\Service\\Drive;\nuse Google\\Service\\Sheets\\SpreadSheet;\n\n/**\n* create an empty spreadsheet\n* \n*/\n\n function create($title)\n { \n /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.\n TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for\n guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */\n $client = new Google\\Client();\n $client-\u003euseApplicationDefaultCredentials();\n $client-\u003eaddScope(Google\\Service\\Drive::DRIVE);\n $service = new Google_Service_Sheets($client);\n try{\n\n $spreadsheet = new Google_Service_Sheets_Spreadsheet([\n 'properties' =\u003e [\n 'title' =\u003e $title\n ]\n ]);\n $spreadsheet = $service-\u003espreadsheets-\u003ecreate($spreadsheet, [\n 'fields' =\u003e 'spreadsheetId'\n ]);\n printf(\"Spreadsheet ID: %s\\n\", $spreadsheet-\u003espreadsheetId);\n return $spreadsheet-\u003espreadsheetId;\n }\n catch(Exception $e) {\n // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately\n echo 'Message: ' .$e-\u003egetMessage();\n }\n }\n```\n\n### Python\n\nsheets/snippets/sheets_create.py \n[View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/python-samples/blob/main/sheets/snippets/sheets_create.py) \n\n```python\nimport google.auth\nfrom googleapiclient.discovery import build\nfrom googleapiclient.errors import HttpError\n\n\ndef create(title):\n \"\"\"\n Creates the Sheet the user has access to.\n Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.\n TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity\n for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application.\n \"\"\"\n creds, _ = google.auth.default()\n # pylint: disable=maybe-no-member\n try:\n service = build(\"sheets\", \"v4\", credentials=creds)\n spreadsheet = {\"properties\": {\"title\": title}}\n spreadsheet = (\n service.spreadsheets()\n .create(body=spreadsheet, fields=\"spreadsheetId\")\n .execute()\n )\n print(f\"Spreadsheet ID: {(spreadsheet.get('spreadsheetId'))}\")\n return spreadsheet.get(\"spreadsheetId\")\n except HttpError as error:\n print(f\"An error occurred: {error}\")\n return error\n\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n # Pass: title\n create(\"mysheet1\")\n```\n\n### Ruby\n\nsheets/snippets/lib/spreadsheet_snippets.rb \n[View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/ruby-samples/blob/main/sheets/snippets/lib/spreadsheet_snippets.rb) \n\n```ruby\nspreadsheet = {\n properties: {\n title: 'Sales Report'\n }\n}\nspreadsheet = service.create_spreadsheet(spreadsheet,\n fields: 'spreadsheetId')\nputs \"Spreadsheet ID: #{spreadsheet.spreadsheet_id}\"\n```\n\n### Work with Google Drive folders\n\nThere's no option to create a spreadsheet directly within a specified Drive folder using the Sheets API. By default, the created spreadsheet is saved to the user's root folder on Drive.\n\nHowever, there are 2 alternatives to saving a file to a Drive folder:\n\n- After the spreadsheet is created, move it to a specific folder using the [files.update](/drive/api/v3/reference/files/update) method of the Drive API. For more information on moving files, refer to [Move files between folders](/drive/api/guides/folder#move_files_between_folders).\n- Add a blank spreadsheet to a folder using the [files.create](/drive/v3/reference/files/create) method of the Drive API, specifying `application/vnd.google-apps.spreadsheet` as the `mimeType`. For more information on creating files, refer to [Create a file in a folder](/drive/api/guides/folder#create_a_file_in_a_folder).\n\nFor either alternative, you'll need to add the appropriate [Drive\nAPI scopes](/drive/api/v3/reference/files/create#auth) to authorize the call.\n\nTo move or create a file within a shared drive folder, refer to [Implement shared drive support](/drive/api/guides/enable-shareddrives).\n\nTo learn more about cell and row limits in Google Sheets, see [Files you can store in Google Drive](https://support.google.com/drive/answer/37603)."]]