如果您想调用 Google Play 服务（例如 Google 登录或机器学习套件），您需要先 创建 API 客户端对象实例。这些对象会自动管理 与 Google Play 服务的连接。当有可用连接时，每个 API 按顺序执行请求的方法相同。否则，客户端对象会排入队列 请求。除非文档另有说明，否则客户端对象费用便宜 构建方式；也可以在每次要调用 API 时创建新的 API 客户端 API 方法。
本指南介绍如何对 Google Cloud 支持的 包括如何访问不安装服务 需要授权以及那些需要授权 授权。
开始使用
首先，请在应用项目中添加必要的工具和依赖项，例如 请参阅关于如何设置 Google Play 服务。
在不需要授权时访问
要访问不需要 API 授权的服务，请获取
服务的客户端对象，向其传递当前的
Context 或
当前
Activity。
在执行任何 API 调用之前，系统会提示用户升级 Google Play
服务（如果需要的话）。
例如，若要使用 Fused Location 获取设备最近一次的已知位置， 适用于 Android 的提供程序，添加以下代码段中所示的逻辑：
Kotlin
// Code required for requesting location permissions omitted for brevity. val client = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this) // Get the last known location. In some rare situations, this can be null. client.lastLocation.addOnSuccessListener { location : Location? -> location?.let { // Logic to handle location object. } }
Java
// Code required for requesting location permissions omitted for brevity. FusedLocationProviderClient client = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this); // Get the last known location. In some rare situations, this can be null. client.getLastLocation() .addOnSuccessListener(this, location -> { if (location != null) { // Logic to handle location object. } });
需要授权时的访问权限
如需访问需要用户授权的服务，请完成以下步骤 步骤：
- 让用户登录。
- 请求访问服务所需的范围的权限。
- 获取服务客户端对象的实例，并向其传递用户的
GoogleSignInAccount对象以及Context或Activity对象。
以下示例实现了使用 Google Fit API。如需在完整项目中查看类似实现，请执行以下操作： 查看 BasicHistoryApiKotlin 应用。
Kotlin
class FitFragment : Fragment() {
private val fitnessOptions: FitnessOptions by lazy {
FitnessOptions.builder()
.addDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_CUMULATIVE)
.addDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA)
.build()
}
override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
fitSignIn()
}
/*
* Checks whether the user is signed in. If so, executes the specified
* function. If the user is not signed in, initiates the sign-in flow,
* specifying the function to execute after the user signs in.
*/
private fun fitSignIn() {
if (oAuthPermissionsApproved()) {
readDailySteps()
} else {
GoogleSignIn.requestPermissions(
this,
SIGN_IN_REQUEST_CODE,
getGoogleAccount(),
fitnessOptions
)
}
}
private fun oAuthPermissionsApproved() =
GoogleSignIn.hasPermissions(getGoogleAccount(), fitnessOptions)
/*
* Gets a Google account for use in creating the fitness client. This is
* achieved by either using the last signed-in account, or if necessary,
* prompting the user to sign in. It's better to use the
* getAccountForExtension() method instead of the getLastSignedInAccount()
* method because the latter can return null if there has been no sign in
* before.
*/
private fun getGoogleAccount(): GoogleSignInAccount =
GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(requireContext(), fitnessOptions)
/*
* Handles the callback from the OAuth sign in flow, executing the function
* after sign-in is complete.
*/
override fun onActivityResult(
requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
when (resultCode) {
RESULT_OK -> {
readDailySteps()
}
else -> {
// Handle error.
}
}
}
/*
* Reads the current daily step total.
*/
private fun readDailySteps() {
Fitness.getHistoryClient(requireContext(), getGoogleAccount())
.readDailyTotal(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA)
.addOnSuccessListener { dataSet ->
val total = when {
dataSet.isEmpty -> 0
else -> dataSet.dataPoints.first()
.getValue(Field.FIELD_STEPS).asInt()
}
Log.i(TAG, "Total steps: $total")
}
.addOnFailureListener { e ->
Log.w(TAG, "There was a problem getting the step count.", e)
}
}
companion object {
const val SIGN_IN_REQUEST_CODE = 1001
}
}
Java
public class FitFragment extends Fragment {
private final FitnessOptions fitnessOptions = FitnessOptions.builder()
.addDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_CUMULATIVE)
.addDataType(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA)
.build();
@Override
public void onViewCreated(
@NotNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
fitSignIn();
}
/*
* Checks whether the user is signed in. If so, executes the specified
* function. If the user is not signed in, initiates the sign-in flow,
* specifying the function to execute after the user signs in.
*/
private void fitSignIn() {
if (oAuthPermissionsApproved()) {
readDailySteps();
} else {
GoogleSignIn.requestPermissions(this, SIGN_IN_REQUEST_CODE,
getGoogleAccount(), fitnessOptions);
}
}
private boolean oAuthPermissionsApproved() {
return GoogleSignIn.hasPermissions(getGoogleAccount(), fitnessOptions);
}
/*
* Gets a Google account for use in creating the fitness client. This is
* achieved by either using the last signed-in account, or if necessary,
* prompting the user to sign in. It's better to use the
* getAccountForExtension() method instead of the getLastSignedInAccount()
* method because the latter can return null if there has been no sign in
* before.
*/
private GoogleSignInAccount getGoogleAccount() {
return GoogleSignIn.getAccountForExtension(
requireContext(), fitnessOptions);
}
/*
* Handles the callback from the OAuth sign in flow, executing the function
* after sign-in is complete.
*/
@Override
public void onActivityResult(
int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
readDailySteps();
} else {
// Handle error.
}
}
/*
* Reads the current daily step total.
*/
private void readDailySteps() {
AtomicInteger total = new AtomicInteger();
Fitness.getHistoryClient(requireContext(), getGoogleAccount())
.readDailyTotal(DataType.TYPE_STEP_COUNT_DELTA)
.addOnSuccessListener(dataSet -> {
if (!dataSet.isEmpty())
total.set(Integer.parseInt(dataSet.getDataPoints()
.get(0).getValue(FIELD_STEPS).toString()));
Log.i(TAG, "Total steps: $total");
})
.addOnFailureListener(e -> {
Log.w(TAG, "There was a problem getting the step count.", e);
});
}
private static final int SIGN_IN_REQUEST_CODE = 1001;
}
检查 API 可用性
在应用中启用依赖于 Google Play 服务的功能之前的准备工作
API 中声明 API，包括检查 API 在设备上的可用性。为此，
调用 checkApiAvailability()。
以下代码段展示了如何检查 一体化位置信息提供程序。
Kotlin
fun getLastLocationIfApiAvailable(context: Context?): Task<Location>? {
val client = getFusedLocationProviderClient(context)
return GoogleApiAvailability.getInstance()
.checkApiAvailability(client)
.onSuccessTask { _ -> client.lastLocation }
.addOnFailureListener { _ -> Log.d(TAG, "Location unavailable.")}
}
Java
public Task<Location> getLastLocationIfApiAvailable(Context context) {
FusedLocationProviderClient client =
getFusedLocationProviderClient(context);
return GoogleApiAvailability.getInstance()
.checkApiAvailability(client)
.onSuccessTask(unused -> client.getLastLocation())
.addOnFailureListener(e -> Log.d(TAG, "Location unavailable."));
}