নার্স শিডিউলিং

একটি নির্দিষ্ট হাসপাতালে একটি বিভাগের জন্য একটি নার্স সময়সূচী সমস্যা বিবেচনা করুন. প্রতিদিন, 7 ঘন্টা, 13 ঘন্টা, 19 ঘন্টা থেকে শুরু করে তিনটি 12-ঘন্টার শিফট রয়েছে৷ পরিকল্পনার দিগন্ত চার দিনের, 2023-05-01 থেকে শুরু হচ্ছে, মোট 12 টি শিফটের জন্য। এই শিফটে চারজন নিবন্ধিত নার্সকে নিয়োগ দেওয়া যেতে পারে, যে কোনো সময়ে বিভাগে দুইজন নার্স থাকার লক্ষ্য নিয়ে। কভারেজ প্রয়োজনীয়তা বাধ্যতামূলক.

সমস্ত নার্সদের শিফটের মধ্যে কমপক্ষে 12 ঘন্টা (720 মিনিট) বিশ্রাম নিতে হবে এবং নির্দিষ্ট পরিকল্পনার দিগন্তে তারা সর্বাধিক 36 ঘন্টা (2160 মিনিট) কাজ করতে পারে। এই সীমাবদ্ধতাগুলির যথাক্রমে উচ্চ এবং মাঝারি অগ্রাধিকার রয়েছে।

প্রতিদিন বেশ কয়েকটি শিফট

প্রতিদিন তিনটি শিফট তিনটি স্বাধীন শিফট হিসাবে উপস্থাপিত হয়। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, "বিভাগ" অবস্থানে প্রথম দিনের (চার দিনের মধ্যে) স্থানান্তরগুলিকে এইভাবে উপস্থাপন করা হয়:

  {
    "shifts": [{
      "id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 7
      }
    },
    ...
    ]
  }

12 শিফট সহ উদাহরণ (প্রতিদিন তিন শিফট সহ চার দিন)

    {
      "shifts": [{
      "id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 5,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 5,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }]
  }
  

শিফটের মধ্যে বিশ্রাম নিন

একজন কর্মীর জন্য শিফটের মধ্যে বাকিদের প্রতিনিধিত্ব করতে, একটি শিডিউলিং সীমাবদ্ধতা থেকে minimumRestMinutes ক্ষেত্রটি ব্যবহার করুন। সীমাবদ্ধতার শুরু এবং শেষ সময়গুলি কোন শিফটগুলি বিবেচনা করতে হবে তা নির্ধারণ করতে ব্যবহৃত হয় এবং তাই সমস্ত শিফটের সাথে ওভারল্যাপ করে একটি পরিকল্পনা দিগন্তের সাথে সারিবদ্ধ হওয়া উচিত। বিশ্রামের সময় মিনিটে নির্দিষ্ট করা হয়েছে (720) এবং অগ্রাধিকার হল PRIORITY_HIGH উপরে বলা হয়েছে৷ প্রথম নার্স (যাকে অ্যাডাম বলা হয়), এইভাবে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করা হয়:

  {
    "employees": [{
      "id": "Adam",
      "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
      "schedulingConstraints": [{
        "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "minimumRestMinutes": 720
      }]
    }
  }

সর্বাধিক কাজের সময়

maximumMinutes ক্ষেত্র ব্যবহার করে একজন কর্মচারী যে সর্বাধিক সময় কাজ করতে পারে তা একটি শিডিউলিং সীমাবদ্ধতার সাথে উপস্থাপন করা হয়। এই উদাহরণে সর্বাধিক কাজের সময় হল 2160 মিনিট। সীমাবদ্ধতার শুরু এবং শেষ সময় সমগ্র পরিকল্পনা দিগন্তের সাথে সারিবদ্ধ হওয়া উচিত। প্রথম নার্স (আদম) এর জন্য সংশ্লিষ্ট প্রতিনিধিত্ব এতে আপডেট করা যেতে পারে:

  {
    "employees": [{
      "id": "Adam",
      "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
      "schedulingConstraints": [{
        "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "minimumRestMinutes": 720
      }, {
        "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "maximumMinutes": 2160
      }]
    }
  }

সব চার কর্মচারী সঙ্গে উদাহরণ

  {
      "employees": [{
        "id": "Adam",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Grace",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "James",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Alonso",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }]
  }
  

নিবন্ধিত নার্সদের জন্য কভারেজ

যে কোনো মুহুর্তে দুটি নিবন্ধিত নার্সের কভারেজ একটি কভারেজ প্রয়োজনীয়তার সাথে প্রতিনিধিত্ব করা হয়। বিশেষ করে, roleRequirements একটি ভূমিকার প্রয়োজনীয়তা দিয়ে পূরণ করা হয় যার জন্য roleId "নিবন্ধিত নার্স" তে সেট করা হয়, targetEmployeeCount 2 এ সেট করা হয় এবং priority PRIORITY_MANDATORY তে সেট করা হয়। কভারেজ প্রয়োজনীয়তার শুরু এবং শেষ সময় প্রতিটি শিফটের সাথে ওভারল্যাপ করা উচিত। locationId ক্ষেত্রটি "বিভাগ" এ সেট করা হয়েছে যাতে শুধুমাত্র এই অবস্থানে ঘটছে এমন স্থানান্তর বিবেচনা করা হয়।

  {
    "coverageRequirements": [{
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 5,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "locationId": "department",
      "roleRequirements": [{
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse",
        "targetEmployeeCount": 2,
        "priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
      }]
    }],
    "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
    "locationIds": ["department"]
  }

একটি সম্পূর্ণ অনুরোধের উদাহরণ

    {
      "employees": [{
        "id": "Adam",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Grace",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "James",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Alonso",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }],
      "shifts": [{
        "id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }],
      "coverageRequirements": [{
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "locationId": "department",
        "roleRequirements": [{
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse",
          "targetEmployeeCount": 2,
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
        }]
      }],
      "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
      "locationIds": ["department"]
    }
    

প্রতিক্রিয়া উদাহরণ

সমাধানকারীর প্রতিক্রিয়াতে নার্সদের শিফটে নিয়োগ এবং অপ্টিমাইজেশন পদ্ধতির অবস্থা রয়েছে। উদাহরণস্বরূপ, প্রথম কর্মচারীকে বরাদ্দকৃত শিফটগুলি এইভাবে ফেরত দেওয়া হয়:

  {
    "solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
    "shiftAssignments": [
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      ... ]
  }

একটি সম্পূর্ণ প্রতিক্রিয়া উদাহরণ

    {
      "solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
      "shiftAssignments": [
        {
          "employeeId": "Adam",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Adam",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Adam",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Adam",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Grace",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Grace",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Grace",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Grace",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "James",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-01 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "James",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-02 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "James",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-03 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "James",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-04 19hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Alonso",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Alonso",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Alonso",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
        {
          "employeeId": "Alonso",
          "shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        }
      ]
    }