برنامه ریزی پرستار

یک مشکل برنامه ریزی پرستار برای یک بخش در یک بیمارستان خاص را در نظر بگیرید. هر روز سه شیفت 12 ساعته از ساعت 7، 13، 19 شروع می شود. افق برنامه ریزی چهار روزه است که از 01/05/2023 شروع می شود و در مجموع 12 شیفت می باشد. چهار پرستار ثبت نام شده وجود دارد که می توانند در این شیفت ها با هدف حضور دو پرستار در هر زمان در بخش استخدام شوند. الزام پوشش اجباری است.

همه پرستاران نیاز به استراحت بین شیفت ها برای حداقل 12 ساعت (720 دقیقه) دارند و می توانند حداکثر 36 ساعت (2160 دقیقه) در طول افق برنامه ریزی مشخص شده کار کنند. این محدودیت ها به ترتیب دارای اولویت بالا و متوسط ​​هستند.

چندین شیفت در روز

سه شیفت در روز به عنوان سه شیفت مستقل نشان داده می شود. به عنوان مثال، شیفت های روز اول (از چهار روز) در محل "بخش" به صورت زیر نمایش داده می شود:

  {
    "shifts": [{
      "id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 7
      }
    },
    ...
    ]
  }

مثال با 12 شیفت (چهار روز با سه نوبت در روز)

    {
      "shifts": [{
      "id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 2,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 3,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 19
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 13
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 5,
        "hours": 1
      }
    }, {
      "id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
      "locationId": "department",
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 4,
        "hours": 19
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 5,
        "hours": 7
      }
    }]
  }
  

بین شیفت ها استراحت کنید

برای نشان دادن بقیه بین شیفت‌ها برای یک کارمند، از فیلد minimumRestMinutes از یک محدودیت زمان‌بندی استفاده کنید. زمان شروع و پایان محدودیت برای تعیین اینکه کدام تغییر در نظر گرفته می شود استفاده می شود، و بنابراین باید با همپوشانی با همه جابجایی ها با افق برنامه ریزی هماهنگ شود. زمان استراحت بر حسب دقیقه (720) مشخص شده است و اولویت PRIORITY_HIGH همانطور که در بالا ذکر شد است. اولین پرستار (به نام آدام) به صورت زیر نشان داده می شود:

  {
    "employees": [{
      "id": "Adam",
      "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
      "schedulingConstraints": [{
        "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "minimumRestMinutes": 720
      }]
    }
  }

حداکثر زمان کار

حداکثر زمانی که یک کارمند می تواند کار کند نیز با یک محدودیت زمان بندی ، با استفاده از فیلد maximumMinutes نمایش داده می شود. حداکثر زمان کار در این مثال 2160 دقیقه است. زمان شروع و پایان محدودیت باید با کل افق برنامه ریزی هماهنگ باشد. نمایندگی مربوطه برای اولین پرستار (آدام) می تواند به روز شود:

  {
    "employees": [{
      "id": "Adam",
      "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
      "schedulingConstraints": [{
        "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "minimumRestMinutes": 720
      }, {
        "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "maximumMinutes": 2160
      }]
    }
  }

به عنوان مثال با هر چهار کارمند

  {
      "employees": [{
        "id": "Adam",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Grace",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "James",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Alonso",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }]
  }
  

پوشش پرستاران ثبت نام شده

پوشش دو پرستار ثبت نام شده در هر لحظه با یک الزام پوشش ارائه می شود. به طور خاص، roleRequirements با یک نیاز نقش پر می شود که برای آن roleId روی "Nurse ثبت شده"، targetEmployeeCount روی 2 تنظیم شده است، و priority روی PRIORITY_MANDATORY تنظیم شده است. زمان شروع و پایان پوشش مورد نیاز باید با هر جابجایی همپوشانی داشته باشد. فیلد locationId روی "دپارتمان" تنظیم شده است تا فقط تغییراتی که در این مکان اتفاق می‌افتند در نظر گرفته شوند.

  {
    "coverageRequirements": [{
      "startDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 1,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "endDateTime": {
        "year": 2023,
        "month": 5,
        "day": 5,
        "hours": 7
      },
      "locationId": "department",
      "roleRequirements": [{
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse",
        "targetEmployeeCount": 2,
        "priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
      }]
    }],
    "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
    "locationIds": ["department"]
  }

نمونه ای از یک درخواست کامل

    {
      "employees": [{
        "id": "Adam",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Grace",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "James",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }, {
        "id": "Alonso",
        "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
        "schedulingConstraints": [{
          "priority": "PRIORITY_HIGH",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "minimumRestMinutes": 720
        }, {
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MEDIUM",
          "startDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 1,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "endDateTime": {
            "year": 2023,
            "month": 5,
            "day": 5,
            "hours": 7
          },
          "maximumMinutes": 2160
        }]
      }],
      "shifts": [{
        "id": "2023-05-01 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-01 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-01 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-02 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-02 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-02 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 2,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-03 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-03 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-03 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 3,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-04 7hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 19
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-04 13hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 13
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 1
        }
      }, {
        "id": "2023-05-04 19hr",
        "locationId": "department",
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 4,
          "hours": 19
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        }
      }],
      "coverageRequirements": [{
        "startDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 1,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "endDateTime": {
          "year": 2023,
          "month": 5,
          "day": 5,
          "hours": 7
        },
        "locationId": "department",
        "roleRequirements": [{
          "roleId": "Registered Nurse",
          "targetEmployeeCount": 2,
          "priority": "PRIORITY_MANDATORY"
        }]
      }],
      "roleIds": ["Registered Nurse"],
      "locationIds": ["department"]
    }
    

نمونه پاسخ

پاسخ حل کننده شامل انتساب پرستاران به شیفت و وضعیت روش بهینه سازی است. به عنوان مثال، شیفت های اختصاص داده شده به اولین کارمند به صورت زیر برگردانده می شوند:

  {
    "solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
    "shiftAssignments": [
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-01 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-02 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-03 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      {
        "employeeId": "Adam",
        "shiftId": "2023-05-04 7hr",
        "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
      },
      ... ]
  }

نمونه ای از پاسخ کامل

    {
      "solutionStatus": "OPTIMAL",
      "shiftAssignments": [
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          "roleId": "Registered Nurse"
        },
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        {
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    }