Tink'in JWT kitaplığı, JSON Web Jetonları'nın (JWT'ler) oluşturulmasına ve doğrulanmasına olanak tanır.
JWT oluşturma
Çoğu kullanım alanı için JWT_ES256 anahtar türüyle JwtPublicKeySign temel işlevlerini kullanmanızı öneririz.
Aşağıdaki örneklerde JWT'lerin nasıl oluşturulacağı ve genel anahtar kümesinin JWK kümesi biçimine nasıl dönüştürüleceği gösterilmektedir.
C++
// An example for signing JSON Web Tokens (JWT). #include <iostream> #include <memory> #include <ostream> #include <string> #include <utility> #include "absl/flags/flag.h" #include "absl/flags/parse.h" #include "absl/log/check.h" #include "absl/strings/string_view.h" #include "absl/time/clock.h" #include "absl/time/time.h" #include "tink/config/global_registry.h" #include "util/util.h" #include "tink/jwt/jwt_public_key_sign.h" #include "tink/jwt/jwt_signature_config.h" #include "tink/jwt/raw_jwt.h" #include "tink/keyset_handle.h" #include "tink/util/status.h" ABSL_FLAG(std::string, keyset_filename, "", "Keyset file in JSON format"); ABSL_FLAG(std::string, audience, "", "Expected audience in the token"); ABSL_FLAG(std::string, token_filename, "", "Path to the token file"); namespace { using ::crypto::tink::JwtPublicKeySign; using ::crypto::tink::KeysetHandle; using ::crypto::tink::RawJwt; using ::crypto::tink::RawJwtBuilder; using ::crypto::tink::util::Status; using ::crypto::tink::util::StatusOr; void ValidateParams() { // ... } } // namespace namespace tink_cc_examples { // JWT sign example CLI implementation. Status JwtSign(const std::string& keyset_filename, absl::string_view audience, const std::string& token_filename) { Status result = crypto::tink::JwtSignatureRegister(); if (!result.ok()) return result; // Read the keyset from file. StatusOr<std::unique_ptr<KeysetHandle>> keyset_handle = ReadJsonCleartextKeyset(keyset_filename); if (!keyset_handle.ok()) return keyset_handle.status(); StatusOr<RawJwt> raw_jwt = RawJwtBuilder() .AddAudience(audience) .SetExpiration(absl::Now() + absl::Seconds(100)) .Build(); if (!raw_jwt.ok()) return raw_jwt.status(); StatusOr<std::unique_ptr<JwtPublicKeySign>> jwt_signer = (*keyset_handle) ->GetPrimitive<crypto::tink::JwtPublicKeySign>( crypto::tink::ConfigGlobalRegistry()); if (!jwt_signer.ok()) return jwt_signer.status(); StatusOr<std::string> token = (*jwt_signer)->SignAndEncode(*raw_jwt); if (!token.ok()) return token.status(); return WriteToFile(*token, token_filename); } } // namespace tink_cc_examples int main(int argc, char** argv) { absl::ParseCommandLine(argc, argv); ValidateParams(); std::string keyset_filename = absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_keyset_filename); std::string audience = absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_audience); std::string token_filename = absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_token_filename); std::clog << "Using keyset in " << keyset_filename << " to "; std::clog << " generate and sign a token using audience '" << audience << "'; the resulting signature is written to " << token_filename << '\n'; CHECK_OK( tink_cc_examples::JwtSign(keyset_filename, audience, token_filename)); return 0; }
Go
func Example_signAndVerify() { // A private keyset created with // "tinkey create-keyset --key-template=JWT_ES256 --out private_keyset.cfg". // Note that this keyset has the secret key information in cleartext. privateJSONKeyset := `{ "primaryKeyId": 1742360595, "key": [ { "keyData": { "typeUrl": "type.googleapis.com/google.crypto.tink.JwtEcdsaPrivateKey", "value": "GiBgVYdAPg3Fa2FVFymGDYrI1trHMzVjhVNEMpIxG7t0HRJGIiBeoDMF9LS5BDCh6YgqE3DjHwWwnEKEI3WpPf8izEx1rRogbjQTXrTcw/1HKiiZm2Hqv41w7Vd44M9koyY/+VsP+SAQAQ==", "keyMaterialType": "ASYMMETRIC_PRIVATE" }, "status": "ENABLED", "keyId": 1742360595, "outputPrefixType": "TINK" } ] }` // The corresponding public keyset created with // "tinkey create-public-keyset --in private_keyset.cfg" publicJSONKeyset := `{ "primaryKeyId": 1742360595, "key": [ { "keyData": { "typeUrl": "type.googleapis.com/google.crypto.tink.JwtEcdsaPublicKey", "value": "EAEaIG40E1603MP9RyoomZth6r+NcO1XeODPZKMmP/lbD/kgIiBeoDMF9LS5BDCh6YgqE3DjHwWwnEKEI3WpPf8izEx1rQ==", "keyMaterialType": "ASYMMETRIC_PUBLIC" }, "status": "ENABLED", "keyId": 1742360595, "outputPrefixType": "TINK" } ] }` // Create a keyset handle from the cleartext private keyset in the previous // step. The keyset handle provides abstract access to the underlying keyset to // limit the access of the raw key material. WARNING: In practice, // it is unlikely you will want to use a insecurecleartextkeyset, as it implies // that your key material is passed in cleartext, which is a security risk. // Consider encrypting it with a remote key in Cloud KMS, AWS KMS or HashiCorp Vault. // See https://github.com/google/tink/blob/master/docs/GOLANG-HOWTO.md#storing-and-loading-existing-keysets. privateKeysetHandle, err := insecurecleartextkeyset.Read( keyset.NewJSONReader(bytes.NewBufferString(privateJSONKeyset))) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Retrieve the JWT Signer primitive from privateKeysetHandle. signer, err := jwt.NewSigner(privateKeysetHandle) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Use the primitive to create and sign a token. In this case, the primary key of the // keyset will be used (which is also the only key in this example). expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Hour) audience := "example audience" subject := "example subject" rawJWT, err := jwt.NewRawJWT(&jwt.RawJWTOptions{ Audience: &audience, Subject: &subject, ExpiresAt: &expiresAt, }) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } token, err := signer.SignAndEncode(rawJWT) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Create a keyset handle from the keyset containing the public key. Because the // public keyset does not contain any secrets, we can use [keyset.ReadWithNoSecrets]. publicKeysetHandle, err := keyset.ReadWithNoSecrets( keyset.NewJSONReader(bytes.NewBufferString(publicJSONKeyset))) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Retrieve the Verifier primitive from publicKeysetHandle. verifier, err := jwt.NewVerifier(publicKeysetHandle) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Verify the signed token. validator, err := jwt.NewValidator(&jwt.ValidatorOpts{ExpectedAudience: &audience}) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } verifiedJWT, err := verifier.VerifyAndDecode(token, validator) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Extract subject claim from the token. if !verifiedJWT.HasSubject() { log.Fatal(err) } extractedSubject, err := verifiedJWT.Subject() if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Println(extractedSubject) // Output: example subject }
Java
package jwt; import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8; import com.google.crypto.tink.InsecureSecretKeyAccess; import com.google.crypto.tink.KeysetHandle; import com.google.crypto.tink.RegistryConfiguration; import com.google.crypto.tink.TinkJsonProtoKeysetFormat; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.JwtPublicKeySign; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.JwtSignatureConfig; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.RawJwt; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Path; import java.nio.file.Paths; import java.time.Instant; /** * A command-line utility for signing JSON Web Tokens (JWTs). * * <p>It loads cleartext private keys from disk - this is not recommended! * * <p>It requires the following arguments: * * <ul> * <li>private-keyset-file: Name of the input file containing the private keyset. * <li>audience: The audience claim to be used in the token * <li>token-file: name of the output file containing the signed JWT. */ public final class JwtSign { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { if (args.length != 3) { System.err.printf("Expected 3 parameters, got %d\n", args.length); System.err.println("Usage: java JwtSign private-keyset-file audience token-file"); System.exit(1); } Path privateKeysetFile = Paths.get(args[0]); String audience = args[1]; Path tokenFile = Paths.get(args[2]); // Register all JWT signature key types with the Tink runtime. JwtSignatureConfig.register(); // Read the private keyset into a KeysetHandle. KeysetHandle privateKeysetHandle = TinkJsonProtoKeysetFormat.parseKeyset( new String(Files.readAllBytes(privateKeysetFile), UTF_8), InsecureSecretKeyAccess.get()); // Get the primitive. JwtPublicKeySign signer = privateKeysetHandle.getPrimitive(RegistryConfiguration.get(), JwtPublicKeySign.class); // Use the primitive to sign a token that expires in 100 seconds. RawJwt rawJwt = RawJwt.newBuilder() .addAudience(audience) .setExpiration(Instant.now().plusSeconds(100)) .build(); String signedToken = signer.signAndEncode(rawJwt); Files.write(tokenFile, signedToken.getBytes(UTF_8)); } private JwtSign() {} }
Python
"""A utility for creating and signing JSON Web Tokens (JWT). It loads cleartext keys from disk - this is not recommended! """ import datetime from absl import app from absl import flags from absl import logging import tink from tink import jwt from tink import secret_key_access _PRIVATE_KEYSET_PATH = flags.DEFINE_string( 'private_keyset_path', None, 'Path to the keyset used for the JWT signature operation.') _AUDIENCE = flags.DEFINE_string('audience', None, 'Audience to be used in the token') _TOKEN_PATH = flags.DEFINE_string('token_path', None, 'Path to the token file.') def main(argv): del argv # Unused. # Initialise Tink jwt.register_jwt_signature() # Read the keyset into a KeysetHandle with open(_PRIVATE_KEYSET_PATH.value, 'rt') as keyset_file: try: text = keyset_file.read() keyset_handle = tink.json_proto_keyset_format.parse( text, secret_key_access.TOKEN ) except tink.TinkError as e: logging.exception('Error reading keyset: %s', e) return 1 now = datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.timezone.utc) # Get the JwtPublicKeySign primitive try: jwt_sign = keyset_handle.primitive(jwt.JwtPublicKeySign) except tink.TinkError as e: logging.exception('Error creating JwtPublicKeySign: %s', e) return 1 # Create token raw_jwt = jwt.new_raw_jwt( audiences=[_AUDIENCE.value], expiration=now + datetime.timedelta(seconds=100)) token = jwt_sign.sign_and_encode(raw_jwt) with open(_TOKEN_PATH.value, 'wt') as token_file: token_file.write(token) logging.info('Token has been written to %s', _TOKEN_PATH.value) if __name__ == '__main__': flags.mark_flags_as_required( ['private_keyset_path', 'audience', 'token_path']) app.run(main)
Ortak anahtar kümesini paylaşmanın yaygın bir yolu JWK kümesi biçimidir. Aşağıdaki örnekte, ortak anahtar kümesinin JWK kümesi biçimine nasıl dönüştürüleceği gösterilmektedir.
C++
// An example for converting a Tink keyset with public keys into a JWK set. #include <iostream> #include <memory> #include <ostream> #include <string> #include "absl/flags/flag.h" #include "absl/flags/parse.h" #include "absl/log/check.h" #include "util/util.h" #include "tink/jwt/jwk_set_converter.h" #include "tink/jwt/jwt_signature_config.h" #include "tink/keyset_handle.h" #include "tink/util/status.h" ABSL_FLAG(std::string, public_keyset_filename, "", "Public keyset file in Tink's JSON format"); ABSL_FLAG(std::string, public_jwk_set_filename, "", "Path to the output public JWK set file"); namespace { using ::crypto::tink::JwkSetFromPublicKeysetHandle; using ::crypto::tink::KeysetHandle; using ::crypto::tink::util::Status; using ::crypto::tink::util::StatusOr; void ValidateParams() { // ... } } // namespace namespace tink_cc_examples { Status JwtGeneratePublicJwkSet(const std::string& public_keyset_filename, const std::string& public_jwk_set_filename) { Status result = crypto::tink::JwtSignatureRegister(); if (!result.ok()) return result; StatusOr<std::unique_ptr<KeysetHandle>> keyset_handle = ReadJsonCleartextKeyset(public_keyset_filename); if (!keyset_handle.ok()) return keyset_handle.status(); StatusOr<std::string> public_jwk_set = JwkSetFromPublicKeysetHandle(**keyset_handle); if (!public_jwk_set.ok()) return keyset_handle.status(); return WriteToFile(*public_jwk_set, public_jwk_set_filename); } } // namespace tink_cc_examples int main(int argc, char** argv) { absl::ParseCommandLine(argc, argv); ValidateParams(); std::string public_keyset_filename = absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_public_keyset_filename); std::string public_jwk_set_filename = absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_public_jwk_set_filename); std::clog << "Convert public keyset in " << public_keyset_filename << " to "; std::clog << " to JWK set format; the result is written to " << public_jwk_set_filename << '\n'; CHECK_OK(tink_cc_examples::JwtGeneratePublicJwkSet(public_keyset_filename, public_jwk_set_filename)); return 0; }
Go
func Example_generateJWKS() { // A Tink keyset in JSON format with one JWT public key. publicJSONKeyset := `{ "primaryKeyId": 1742360595, "key": [ { "keyData": { "typeUrl": "type.googleapis.com/google.crypto.tink.JwtEcdsaPublicKey", "value": "EAEaIG40E1603MP9RyoomZth6r+NcO1XeODPZKMmP/lbD/kgIiBeoDMF9LS5BDCh6YgqE3DjHwWwnEKEI3WpPf8izEx1rQ==", "keyMaterialType": "ASYMMETRIC_PUBLIC" }, "status": "ENABLED", "keyId": 1742360595, "outputPrefixType": "TINK" } ] }` // Create a keyset handle from the keyset containing the public key. Because the // public keyset does not contain any secrets, we can use [keyset.ReadWithNoSecrets]. publicKeysetHandle, err := keyset.ReadWithNoSecrets( keyset.NewJSONReader(bytes.NewBufferString(publicJSONKeyset))) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Create a publicJWKset from publicKeysetHandle. publicJWKset, err := jwt.JWKSetFromPublicKeysetHandle(publicKeysetHandle) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Remove whitespace so that we can compare it to the expected string. compactPublicJWKset := &bytes.Buffer{} err = json.Compact(compactPublicJWKset, publicJWKset) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Println(compactPublicJWKset.String()) // Output: // {"keys":[{"alg":"ES256","crv":"P-256","key_ops":["verify"],"kid":"Z9pQEw","kty":"EC","use":"sig","x":"bjQTXrTcw_1HKiiZm2Hqv41w7Vd44M9koyY_-VsP-SA","y":"XqAzBfS0uQQwoemIKhNw4x8FsJxChCN1qT3_IsxMda0"}]} }
Java
package jwt; import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8; import com.google.crypto.tink.InsecureSecretKeyAccess; import com.google.crypto.tink.KeysetHandle; import com.google.crypto.tink.TinkJsonProtoKeysetFormat; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.JwkSetConverter; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.JwtSignatureConfig; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Path; import java.nio.file.Paths; /** * A command-line example for generating the public JWT keyset in JWK set format. * * <p>It loads cleartext private keys from disk - this is not recommended! * * <p>It requires the following arguments: * * <ul> * <li>private-keyset-file: Name of the input file containing the private keyset. * <li>public-jwkset-file: Name of the output file containing the public key in JWK set format. */ public final class JwtGeneratePublicJwkSet { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { if (args.length != 2) { System.err.printf("Expected 2 parameters, got %d\n", args.length); System.err.println( "Usage: java JwtGeneratePublicJwkSet private-keyset-file public-jwk-set-file"); System.exit(1); } Path privateKeysetFile = Paths.get(args[0]); Path publicJwkSetFile = Paths.get(args[1]); // Register all JWT signature key types with the Tink runtime. JwtSignatureConfig.register(); // Read the keyset into a KeysetHandle. KeysetHandle privateKeysetHandle = TinkJsonProtoKeysetFormat.parseKeyset( new String(Files.readAllBytes(privateKeysetFile), UTF_8), InsecureSecretKeyAccess.get()); // Export the public keyset as JWK set. String publicJwkSet = JwkSetConverter.fromPublicKeysetHandle(privateKeysetHandle.getPublicKeysetHandle()); Files.write(publicJwkSetFile, publicJwkSet.getBytes(UTF_8)); } private JwtGeneratePublicJwkSet() {} }
Python
"""A utility for generating the public JWK set from the public keyset. """ from absl import app from absl import flags from absl import logging import tink from tink import jwt _PUBLIC_KEYSET_PATH = flags.DEFINE_string( 'public_keyset_path', None, 'Path to the public keyset in Tink JSON format.') _PUBLIC_JWK_SET_PATH = flags.DEFINE_string( 'public_jwk_set_path', None, 'Path to public keyset in JWK format.') def main(argv): del argv # Unused. # Initialise Tink jwt.register_jwt_signature() # Read the keyset into a KeysetHandle with open(_PUBLIC_KEYSET_PATH.value, 'rt') as keyset_file: try: text = keyset_file.read() public_keyset_handle = tink.json_proto_keyset_format.parse_without_secret( text ) except tink.TinkError as e: logging.exception('Error reading keyset: %s', e) return 1 # Export Public Keyset as JWK set public_jwk_set = jwt.jwk_set_from_public_keyset_handle(public_keyset_handle) with open(_PUBLIC_JWK_SET_PATH.value, 'wt') as public_jwk_set_file: public_jwk_set_file.write(public_jwk_set) logging.info('The public JWK set has been written to %s', _PUBLIC_JWK_SET_PATH.value) if __name__ == '__main__': flags.mark_flags_as_required(['public_keyset_path', 'public_jwk_set_path']) app.run(main)
JWT'leri doğrulama
Çoğu kullanım alanı için JWT_ES256 anahtar türüyle JwtPublicKeyVerify temel işlevlerini kullanmanızı öneririz.
Aşağıdaki örneklerde, ortak anahtar kümelerini diğer taraflarla paylaşmak için yaygın olarak kullanılan bir biçim olan JWK kümesi biçimindeki ortak anahtar kümesiyle JWT'lerin nasıl doğrulanacağı gösterilmektedir.
C++
// A utility for creating, signing and verifying JSON Web Tokens (JWT). #include <iostream> #include <memory> #include <ostream> #include <string> #include <utility> #include "absl/flags/flag.h" #include "absl/flags/parse.h" #include "absl/log/check.h" #include "absl/strings/string_view.h" #include "tink/config/global_registry.h" #include "util/util.h" #include "tink/jwt/jwk_set_converter.h" #include "tink/jwt/jwt_public_key_verify.h" #include "tink/jwt/jwt_signature_config.h" #include "tink/jwt/jwt_validator.h" #include "tink/keyset_handle.h" #include "tink/util/status.h" ABSL_FLAG(std::string, jwk_set_filename, "", "Path to the JWK set file"); ABSL_FLAG(std::string, audience, "", "Expected audience in the token"); ABSL_FLAG(std::string, token_filename, "", "Path to the token file"); namespace { using ::crypto::tink::JwkSetToPublicKeysetHandle; using ::crypto::tink::JwtPublicKeyVerify; using ::crypto::tink::JwtValidator; using ::crypto::tink::KeysetHandle; using ::crypto::tink::util::Status; using ::crypto::tink::util::StatusOr; void ValidateParams() { // ... } } // namespace namespace tink_cc_examples { // JWT verify example CLI implementation. Status JwtVerify(const std::string& jwk_set_filename, absl::string_view audience, const std::string& token_filename) { Status result = crypto::tink::JwtSignatureRegister(); if (!result.ok()) return result; // Read the JWK set from file and convert it. StatusOr<std::string> jwk_set = ReadFile(jwk_set_filename); if (!jwk_set.ok()) return jwk_set.status(); StatusOr<std::unique_ptr<KeysetHandle>> keyset_handle = JwkSetToPublicKeysetHandle(*jwk_set); // Read the token. StatusOr<std::string> token = ReadFile(token_filename); if (!token.ok()) return token.status(); StatusOr<JwtValidator> validator = crypto::tink::JwtValidatorBuilder().ExpectAudience(audience).Build(); if (!validator.ok()) return validator.status(); StatusOr<std::unique_ptr<JwtPublicKeyVerify>> jwt_verifier = (*keyset_handle) ->GetPrimitive<crypto::tink::JwtPublicKeyVerify>( crypto::tink::ConfigGlobalRegistry()); if (!jwt_verifier.ok()) return jwt_verifier.status(); return (*jwt_verifier)->VerifyAndDecode(*token, *validator).status(); } } // namespace tink_cc_examples int main(int argc, char** argv) { absl::ParseCommandLine(argc, argv); ValidateParams(); std::string jwk_set_filename = absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_jwk_set_filename); std::string audience = absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_audience); std::string token_filename = absl::GetFlag(FLAGS_token_filename); std::clog << "Using keyset in " << jwk_set_filename << " to "; std::clog << " verify a token with expected audience '" << audience << '\n'; CHECK_OK( tink_cc_examples::JwtVerify(jwk_set_filename, audience, token_filename)); return 0; }
Go
func Example_verifyWithJWKS() { // A signed token with the subject 'example subject', audience 'example audience'. // and expiration on 2023-03-23. token := `eyJhbGciOiJFUzI1NiIsICJraWQiOiJaOXBRRXcifQ.eyJhdWQiOiJleGFtcGxlIGF1ZGllbmNlIiwgImV4cCI6MTY3OTUzMzIwMCwgInN1YiI6ImV4YW1wbGUgc3ViamVjdCJ9.ZvI0T84fJ1aouiB7n62kHOmbm0Hpfiz0JtYs15XVDT8KyoVYZ8hu_DGJUN47BqZIbuOI-rdu9TxJvutj8uF3Ow` // A public keyset in the JWK set format. publicJWKset := `{ "keys":[ { "alg":"ES256", "crv":"P-256", "key_ops":["verify"], "kid":"Z9pQEw", "kty":"EC", "use":"sig", "x":"bjQTXrTcw_1HKiiZm2Hqv41w7Vd44M9koyY_-VsP-SA", "y":"XqAzBfS0uQQwoemIKhNw4x8FsJxChCN1qT3_IsxMda0" } ] }` // Create a keyset handle from publicJWKset. publicKeysetHandle, err := jwt.JWKSetToPublicKeysetHandle([]byte(publicJWKset)) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Retrieve the Verifier primitive from publicKeysetHandle. verifier, err := jwt.NewVerifier(publicKeysetHandle) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Verify the signed token. For this example, we use a fixed date. Usually, you would // either not set FixedNow, or set it to the current time. audience := "example audience" validator, err := jwt.NewValidator(&jwt.ValidatorOpts{ ExpectedAudience: &audience, FixedNow: time.Date(2023, 3, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC), }) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } verifiedJWT, err := verifier.VerifyAndDecode(token, validator) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // Extract subject claim from the token. if !verifiedJWT.HasSubject() { log.Fatal(err) } extractedSubject, err := verifiedJWT.Subject() if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Println(extractedSubject) // Output: example subject }
Java
package jwt; import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8; import com.google.crypto.tink.KeysetHandle; import com.google.crypto.tink.RegistryConfiguration; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.JwkSetConverter; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.JwtPublicKeyVerify; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.JwtSignatureConfig; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.JwtValidator; import com.google.crypto.tink.jwt.VerifiedJwt; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Path; import java.nio.file.Paths; import java.time.Instant; import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit; import java.util.List; /** * A command-line utility for verifying JSON Web Tokens (JWTs). * * <p>It requires the following arguments: * * <ul> * <li>public-jwkset-file: Name of the input file containing the public keyset in JWK set format. * <li>audience: The audience claim to be used in the token * <li>token-file: name of the input file containing the signed JWT. */ public final class JwtVerify { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { if (args.length != 3) { System.err.printf("Expected 3 parameters, got %d\n", args.length); System.err.println( "Usage: java JwtVerify public-jwk-set-file audience token-file"); System.exit(1); } Path publicJwkSetFile = Paths.get(args[0]); String audience = args[1]; Path tokenFile = Paths.get(args[2]); // Register all JWT signature key types with the Tink runtime. JwtSignatureConfig.register(); // Read the public keyset in JWK set format into a KeysetHandle. KeysetHandle publicKeysetHandle = JwkSetConverter.toPublicKeysetHandle( new String(Files.readAllBytes(publicJwkSetFile), UTF_8)); List<String> lines = Files.readAllLines(tokenFile, UTF_8); if (lines.size() != 1) { System.err.printf("The signature file should contain only one line, got %d", lines.size()); System.exit(1); } String signedToken = lines.get(0).trim(); // Get the primitive. JwtPublicKeyVerify verifier = publicKeysetHandle.getPrimitive(RegistryConfiguration.get(), JwtPublicKeyVerify.class); // Use the primitive to verify a token. JwtValidator validator = JwtValidator.newBuilder().expectAudience(audience).build(); VerifiedJwt verifiedJwt = verifier.verifyAndDecode(signedToken, validator); long seconds = ChronoUnit.SECONDS.between(Instant.now(), verifiedJwt.getExpiration()); System.out.println("Token is valid and expires in " + seconds + " seconds."); } private JwtVerify() {} }
Python
"""A utility for verifying Json Web Tokens (JWT).""" import datetime from absl import app from absl import flags from absl import logging import tink from tink import jwt FLAGS = flags.FLAGS _PUBLIC_JWK_SET_PATH = flags.DEFINE_string( 'public_jwk_set_path', None, 'Path to public keyset in JWK set format.') _AUDIENCE = flags.DEFINE_string('audience', None, 'Audience to be used in the token') _TOKEN_PATH = flags.DEFINE_string('token_path', None, 'Path to the signature file.') def main(argv): del argv # Unused. # Initialise Tink jwt.register_jwt_signature() with open(_PUBLIC_JWK_SET_PATH.value, 'rt') as public_jwk_set_file: try: text = public_jwk_set_file.read() keyset_handle = jwt.jwk_set_to_public_keyset_handle(text) except tink.TinkError as e: logging.exception('Error reading public JWK set: %s', e) return 1 now = datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.timezone.utc) try: jwt_verify = keyset_handle.primitive(jwt.JwtPublicKeyVerify) except tink.TinkError as e: logging.exception('Error creating JwtPublicKeyVerify: %s', e) return 1 # Verify token with open(_TOKEN_PATH.value, 'rt') as token_file: token = token_file.read() validator = jwt.new_validator(expected_audience=_AUDIENCE.value) try: verified_jwt = jwt_verify.verify_and_decode(token, validator) expires_in = verified_jwt.expiration() - now logging.info('Token is valid and expires in %s seconds', expires_in.seconds) return 0 except tink.TinkError as e: logging.info('JWT verification failed: %s', e) return 1 if __name__ == '__main__': flags.mark_flags_as_required(['audience', 'token_path']) app.run(main)
JSON Web Jetonları (JWT'ler)
Tink, web'de yaygın olarak kullanılan bir standart olan JWT'lerin oluşturulmasını ve doğrulanmasını destekler. Tink'in JWT uygulaması, Tink ekibinin kullanımı güvenli bulduğu ve Tink kitaplığına iyi uyum sağlayan, RFC 7519'da tanımlanan JWT standardının bir alt kümesini sağlar.
Tink, standardın nadiren kullanılan veya doğru şekilde kullanılması zor olan kısımlarını desteklemez. Sınırlamalar şunlardır:
- Tink yalnızca JWS Compact Serialization biçimini destekler. JWS JSON Serialization ve JWE desteklenmez.
- Tink,
alg
başlığındakiNone
değerini desteklemez. - Tink yalnızca
typ
,alg
vekid
başlıklarını destekler. Diğer tüm başlıklar desteklenmez. - Tink, imza veya MAC doğrulanmadan önce jetonların ayrıştırılmasına izin vermez.
JWT İmzaları
Jetonlar farklı kuruluşlar tarafından oluşturulup doğrulanıyorsa JwtPublicKeySign
ve JwtPublicKeyVerify
temel öğeleriyle asimetrik anahtarlar kullanmanız gerekir.
Özel anahtar, jeton oluşturmak için, ortak anahtar ise jetonları doğrulamak için kullanılır. Bu temel öğeler tarafından desteklenen algoritmalar şunlardır: ES256
, ES384
, ES512
, RS256
, RS384
, RS512
, PS256
, PS384
ve PS512
.
Anahtar türü seçin
JWT imzaları, Tink'teki normal dijital imzadan farklı anahtar türleri kullanır. Bunun nedeni, bazı meta verilerin (ör. alg
ve kid
) anahtarla birlikte saklanması gerekmesidir.
Çoğu kullanım alanı için JWT_ES256
'ı kullanmanızı öneririz. Bu anahtar türüyle oluşturulan jetonlar her zaman kid
üstbilgisine sahiptir. kid
başlığı olmadan biraz daha kısa jetonlar tercih ediyorsanız JWT_ES256_RAW
anahtar türünü seçin. Desteklenen tüm anahtar türleri için Desteklenen Anahtar Türleri başlıklı makaleyi inceleyin.
Ortak anahtar kümesi dağıtımı
Tink, ortak anahtar kümelerinin RFC 7517'de tanımlanan ve çoğu JWT kitaplığının anladığı JWK kümeleri biçimine dönüştürülmesine ve bu biçimden dönüştürülmesine olanak tanır.
Tink, ortak JWT anahtarlarının başka bir biçimde dışa aktarılmasını desteklemez. Bunun nedeni, diğer biçimlerin doğrulamada kullanılacak alg
ve kid
meta verilerini içermemesi, bu nedenle bu biçimlerin kullanılmasının daha fazla hataya yol açması ve anahtarların döndürülmesini zorlaştırmasıdır.
Ortak anahtar kümesini yalnızca bir kez paylaşmak yerine, ortak anahtar kümesini otomatik olarak güncellemenin bir yolunu sağlamak tercih edilir. (Aksi takdirde, yeni bir anahtara geçiş yapmak çok zordur.) Bu işlem genellikle herkese açık anahtar kümesinin güvenilir ve güvenli bir URL'de yayınlanmasıyla yapılır. Jetonları doğrulayan bir sunucunun, ortak anahtar kümesini söz konusu URL'den düzenli olarak (ör. günde bir kez) yeniden getirmesi gerekir. Anahtarı döndürmek için yeni ortak anahtarın, jetonları imzalamak üzere kullanılmadan en az bir gün önce ortak anahtar kümesine eklenmesi gerekir. Aksi takdirde, yeni özel anahtarla imzalanan yeni jetonlar, eski genel anahtar kümesini kullanmaya devam eden sunucular tarafından reddedilir.
JWT MAC
Tink, JwtMac
temel öğesiyle simetrik anahtarlarla JWT'yi de destekler. Bu öğeyi yalnızca jetonlar aynı tüzel kişi tarafından oluşturulup doğrulanıyorsa kullanın. Bu temel tarafından desteklenen algoritmalar HS256
, HS384
ve HS512
'dir.
Anahtar türü seçin
JWT MAC anahtar türleri, normal MAC anahtar türlerinden farklıdır. Çoğu kullanım alanı için JWT_HS256
kullanmanızı öneririz.