이 페이지는 Cloud Translation API를 통해 번역되었습니다.

변경사항 가져오기

파일 변경사항을 추적해야 하는 Google Drive 앱의 경우 changes 컬렉션은 사용자와 공유된 변경사항을 포함한 모든 파일 변경사항을 효율적으로 감지하는 방법을 제공합니다. 파일이 변경된 경우 컬렉션은 각 파일의 현재 상태를 제공합니다.

시작 페이지 토큰 가져오기

계정의 현재 상태에 대한 페이지 토큰을 요청하려면 changes.getStartPageToken를 사용합니다. changes.list에 대한 초기 호출에서 이 토큰을 저장하고 사용합니다.

현재 페이지 토큰을 가져오려면 다음을 실행하세요.

자바

drive/snippets/drive_v3/src/main/java/FetchStartPageToken.java

GitHub에서 보기

import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.drive.Drive;
import com.google.api.services.drive.DriveScopes;
import com.google.api.services.drive.model.StartPageToken;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

/* Class to demonstrate use-case of Drive's fetch start page token */
public class FetchStartPageToken {

  /**
   * Retrieve the start page token for the first time.
   *
   * @return Start page token as String.
   * @throws IOException if file is not found
   */
  public static String fetchStartPageToken() throws IOException {
        /*Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
        TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
        guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */

    GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
        .createScoped(Arrays.asList(DriveScopes.DRIVE_FILE));
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter(
        credentials);

    // Build a new authorized API client service.
    Drive service = new Drive.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(),
        GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
        requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("Drive samples")
        .build();
    try {
      StartPageToken response = service.changes()
          .getStartPageToken().execute();
      System.out.println("Start token: " + response.getStartPageToken());

      return response.getStartPageToken();
    } catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) {
      // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
      System.err.println("Unable to fetch start page token: " + e.getDetails());
      throw e;
    }
  }

}

Python

drive/snippets/drive-v3/change_snippet/fetch_start_page_token.py

GitHub에서 보기

import google.auth
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError


def fetch_start_page_token():
  """Retrieve page token for the current state of the account.
  Returns & prints : start page token

  Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
  TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity
  for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application.
  """
  creds, _ = google.auth.default()

  try:
    # create drive api client
    service = build("drive", "v3", credentials=creds)

    # pylint: disable=maybe-no-member
    response = service.changes().getStartPageToken().execute()
    print(f'Start token: {response.get("startPageToken")}')

  except HttpError as error:
    print(f"An error occurred: {error}")
    response = None

  return response.get("startPageToken")


if __name__ == "__main__":
  fetch_start_page_token()

PHP

drive/snippets/drive_v3/src/DriveFetchStartPageToken.php

GitHub에서 보기

<?php
use Google\Client;
use Google\Service\Drive;
# TODO - PHP client currently chokes on fetching start page token
function fetchStartPageToken()
{
    try {
        $client = new Client();
        $client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials();
        $client->addScope(Drive::DRIVE);
        $driveService = new Drive($client);
        $response = $driveService->changes->getStartPageToken();
        printf("Start token: %s\n", $response->startPageToken);
        return $response->startPageToken;
    } catch(Exception $e) {
        echo "Error Message: ".$e;
    }

}

.NET

drive/snippets/drive_v3/DriveV3Snippets/FetchStartPageToken.cs

GitHub에서 보기

using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Drive.v3;
using Google.Apis.Services;

namespace DriveV3Snippets
{
    // Class to demonstrate use-case of Drive's fetch start page token
    public class FetchStartPageToken
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieve the starting page token.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>start page token as String, null otherwise.</returns>
        public static string DriveFetchStartPageToken()
        {
            try
            {
                /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
                 TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
                 guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
                GoogleCredential credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
                    .CreateScoped(DriveService.Scope.Drive);

                // Create Drive API service.
                var service = new DriveService(new BaseClientService.Initializer
                {
                    HttpClientInitializer = credential,
                    ApplicationName = "Drive API Snippets"
                });

                var response = service.Changes.GetStartPageToken().Execute();
                // Prints the token value.
                Console.WriteLine("Start token: " + response.StartPageTokenValue);
                return response.StartPageTokenValue;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
                if (e is AggregateException)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Credential Not found");
                }
                else
                {
                    throw;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }
    }
}

Node.js

drive/snippets/drive_v3/change_snippets/fetch_start_page_token.js

GitHub에서 보기

import {GoogleAuth} from 'google-auth-library';
import {google} from 'googleapis';

/**
 * Fetches the start page token for the current state of the account.
 * @return {Promise<string>} The start page token.
 */
async function fetchStartPageToken() {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  // TODO (developer): Use an appropriate auth mechanism for your app.
  const auth = new GoogleAuth({
    scopes: 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.appdata',
  });

  // Create a new Drive API client (v3).
  const service = google.drive({version: 'v3', auth});

  // Fetch the start page token.
  const res = await service.changes.getStartPageToken({});
  const token = res.data.startPageToken;
  console.log('start token: ', token);
  if (!token) {
    throw new Error('Start page token not found.');
  }
  return token;
}

변경사항 가져오기

현재 로그인한 사용자의 변경사항 목록을 가져오려면 changes.list에 설명된 대로 changes 컬렉션에 GET 요청을 보냅니다.

changes 컬렉션의 항목은 시간순으로 표시됩니다 (가장 오래된 변경사항이 먼저 표시됨). includeRemoved 및 restrictToMyDrive 쿼리 매개변수는 응답에 삭제되거나 공유된 항목을 포함할지 여부를 결정합니다.

자바

drive/snippets/drive_v3/src/main/java/FetchChanges.java

GitHub에서 보기

import com.google.api.client.googleapis.json.GoogleJsonResponseException;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequestInitializer;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.drive.Drive;
import com.google.api.services.drive.DriveScopes;
import com.google.api.services.drive.model.ChangeList;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

/* Class to demonstrate use-case of Drive's fetch changes in file. */
public class FetchChanges {
  /**
   * Retrieve the list of changes for the currently authenticated user.
   *
   * @param savedStartPageToken Last saved start token for this user.
   * @return Saved token after last page.
   * @throws IOException if file is not found
   */
  public static String fetchChanges(String savedStartPageToken) throws IOException {

        /*Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
        TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
        guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application.*/
    GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
        .createScoped(Arrays.asList(DriveScopes.DRIVE_FILE));
    HttpRequestInitializer requestInitializer = new HttpCredentialsAdapter(
        credentials);

    // Build a new authorized API client service.
    Drive service = new Drive.Builder(new NetHttpTransport(),
        GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
        requestInitializer)
        .setApplicationName("Drive samples")
        .build();
    try {
      // Begin with our last saved start token for this user or the
      // current token from getStartPageToken()
      String pageToken = savedStartPageToken;
      while (pageToken != null) {
        ChangeList changes = service.changes().list(pageToken)
            .execute();
        for (com.google.api.services.drive.model.Change change : changes.getChanges()) {
          // Process change
          System.out.println("Change found for file: " + change.getFileId());
        }
        if (changes.getNewStartPageToken() != null) {
          // Last page, save this token for the next polling interval
          savedStartPageToken = changes.getNewStartPageToken();
        }
        pageToken = changes.getNextPageToken();
      }

      return savedStartPageToken;
    } catch (GoogleJsonResponseException e) {
      // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
      System.err.println("Unable to fetch changes: " + e.getDetails());
      throw e;
    }
  }
}

Python

drive/snippets/drive-v3/change_snippet/fetch_changes.py

GitHub에서 보기

import google.auth
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError


def fetch_changes(saved_start_page_token):
  """Retrieve the list of changes for the currently authenticated user.
      prints changed file's ID
  Args:
      saved_start_page_token : StartPageToken for the current state of the
      account.
  Returns: saved start page token.

  Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
  TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity
  for guides on implementing OAuth2 for the application.
  """
  creds, _ = google.auth.default()
  try:
    # create drive api client
    service = build("drive", "v3", credentials=creds)

    # Begin with our last saved start token for this user or the
    # current token from getStartPageToken()
    page_token = saved_start_page_token
    # pylint: disable=maybe-no-member

    while page_token is not None:
      response = (
          service.changes().list(pageToken=page_token, spaces="drive").execute()
      )
      for change in response.get("changes"):
        # Process change
        print(f'Change found for file: {change.get("fileId")}')
      if "newStartPageToken" in response:
        # Last page, save this token for the next polling interval
        saved_start_page_token = response.get("newStartPageToken")
      page_token = response.get("nextPageToken")

  except HttpError as error:
    print(f"An error occurred: {error}")
    saved_start_page_token = None

  return saved_start_page_token


if __name__ == "__main__":
  # saved_start_page_token is the token number
  fetch_changes(saved_start_page_token=209)

PHP

drive/snippets/drive_v3/src/DriveFetchChanges.php

GitHub에서 보기

<?php
use Google\Client;
use Google\Service\Drive;
# TODO - PHP client currently chokes on fetching start page token
function fetchChanges()
{
    try {
        $client = new Client();
        $client->useApplicationDefaultCredentials();
        $client->addScope(Drive::DRIVE);
        $driveService = new Drive($client);
        # Begin with our last saved start token for this user or the
        # current token from getStartPageToken()
        $savedStartPageToken = readLine("Enter Start Page Token: ");
        $pageToken = $savedStartPageToken;
        while ($pageToken != null) {
            $response = $driveService->changes->listChanges($pageToken, array(
                'spaces' => 'drive'
            ));
            foreach ($response->changes as $change) {
                // Process change
                printf("Change found for file: %s", $change->fileId);
            }
            if ($response->newStartPageToken != null) {
                // Last page, save this token for the next polling interval
                $savedStartPageToken = $response->newStartPageToken;
            }
            $pageToken = $response->nextPageToken;
        }
        echo $savedStartPageToken;
    } catch(Exception $e) {
        echo "Error Message: ".$e;
    }

}
require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';

.NET

drive/snippets/drive_v3/DriveV3Snippets/FetchChanges.cs

GitHub에서 보기

using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Drive.v3;
using Google.Apis.Services;

namespace DriveV3Snippets
{
    // Class to demonstrate use-case of Drive's fetch changes in file.
    public class FetchChanges
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieve the list of changes for the currently authenticated user.
        /// prints changed file's ID
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="savedStartPageToken">last saved start token for this user.</param>
        /// <returns>saved token for the current state of the account, null otherwise.</returns>
        public static string DriveFetchChanges(string savedStartPageToken)
        {
            try
            {
                /* Load pre-authorized user credentials from the environment.
                 TODO(developer) - See https://developers.google.com/identity for
                 guides on implementing OAuth2 for your application. */
                GoogleCredential credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
                    .CreateScoped(DriveService.Scope.Drive);

                // Create Drive API service.
                var service = new DriveService(new BaseClientService.Initializer
                {
                    HttpClientInitializer = credential,
                    ApplicationName = "Drive API Snippets"
                });

                // Begin with our last saved start token for this user or the
                // current token from GetStartPageToken()
                string pageToken = savedStartPageToken;
                while (pageToken != null)
                {
                    var request = service.Changes.List(pageToken);
                    request.Spaces = "drive";
                    var changes = request.Execute();
                    foreach (var change in changes.Changes)
                    {
                        // Process change
                        Console.WriteLine("Change found for file: " + change.FileId);
                    }

                    if (changes.NewStartPageToken != null)
                    {
                        // Last page, save this token for the next polling interval
                        savedStartPageToken = changes.NewStartPageToken;
                    }
                    pageToken = changes.NextPageToken;
                }
                return savedStartPageToken;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                // TODO(developer) - handle error appropriately
                if (e is AggregateException)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Credential Not found");
                }
                else
                {
                    throw;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }
    }
}

Node.js

drive/snippets/drive_v3/change_snippets/fetch_changes.js

GitHub에서 보기

import {GoogleAuth} from 'google-auth-library';
import {google} from 'googleapis';

/**
 * Fetches the list of changes for the currently authenticated user.
 * @param {string} savedStartPageToken The page token obtained from `fetch_start_page_token.js`.
 */
async function fetchChanges(savedStartPageToken) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  // TODO (developer): Use an appropriate auth mechanism for your app.
  const auth = new GoogleAuth({
    scopes: 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.readonly',
  });

  // Create a new Drive API client (v3).
  const service = google.drive({version: 'v3', auth});

  // The page token for the next page of changes.
  let pageToken = savedStartPageToken;

  // Loop to fetch all changes, handling pagination.
  do {
    const result = await service.changes.list({
      pageToken: savedStartPageToken,
      fields: '*',
    });

    // Process the changes.
    (result.data.changes ?? []).forEach((change) => {
      console.log('change found for file: ', change.fileId);
    });

    // Update the page token for the next iteration.
    pageToken = result.data.newStartPageToken ?? '';
  } while (pageToken);
}

response의 changes 컬렉션에는 nextPageToken이 포함될 수 있습니다. nextPageToken이 나열되면 이를 사용하여 변경사항의 다음 페이지를 수집할 수 있습니다. 목록에 없으면 클라이언트 애플리케이션은 향후 사용을 위해 응답에 newStartPageToken를 저장해야 합니다. 페이지 토큰이 저장되면 클라이언트 애플리케이션은 향후 변경사항을 다시 쿼리할 준비가 됩니다.

알림 수신

changes.watch 메서드를 사용하여 변경 로그의 업데이트를 구독합니다. 알림에는 변경사항에 관한 세부정보가 포함되지 않습니다. 대신 새 변경사항이 있음을 나타냅니다. 실제 변경사항을 가져오려면 변경사항 가져오기에 설명된 대로 변경 피드를 폴링합니다.

자세한 내용은 리소스 변경사항 알림을 참고하세요.

변경사항 가져오기 컬렉션을 사용해 정리하기 내 환경설정을 기준으로 콘텐츠를 저장하고 분류하세요.

시작 페이지 토큰 가져오기

자바

Python

PHP

.NET

Node.js

변경사항 가져오기

자바

Python

PHP

.NET

Node.js

알림 수신

변경사항 가져오기