本指南适用于使用 Google 移动广告 SDK。
开屏广告是一种特殊的广告格式,适合希望创收的发布商 应用加载屏幕开屏广告可以随时关闭 。
开屏广告会自动在一小块区域内展示品牌信息,让用户知道他们是在 。开屏广告的外观示例如下:
前提条件
- 完成入门指南。
始终使用测试广告进行测试
在构建和测试应用时,请务必使用测试广告, 实际投放的广告。否则,可能会导致您的账号被暂停。
加载测试广告最简便的方法就是使用我们针对应用的专用测试广告单元 ID 打开广告:
ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/9257395921
该测试广告单元 ID 已经过专门配置,可为每个请求返回测试广告, 在自己应用的编码、测试和调试过程中随意使用。只需制作 请务必在发布应用前用您自己的广告单元 ID 替换该测试广告单元。
有关 Google 移动广告 SDK 测试广告如何运作的更多信息,请参见 启用测试广告。
扩展 Application 类
创建一个扩展 Application
类的新类,并添加以下代码
代码,在应用启动时初始化 Google 移动广告 SDK。
Java
/** Application class that initializes, loads and show ads when activities change states. */
public class MyApplication extends Application {
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
new Thread(
() -> {
// Initialize the Google Mobile Ads SDK on a background thread.
MobileAds.initialize(this, initializationStatus -> {});
})
.start();
}
}
Kotlin
/** Application class that initializes, loads and show ads when activities change states. */
class MyApplication : Application() {
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
val backgroundScope = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO)
backgroundScope.launch {
// Initialize the Google Mobile Ads SDK on a background thread.
MobileAds.initialize(this@MyApplication) {}
}
}
}
这会初始化 SDK 并提供一个框架,供您稍后在其中注册 应用前台事件
接下来,将以下代码添加到您的 AndroidManifest.xml
中:
<!-- TODO: Update to reference your actual package name. -->
<application
android:name="com.google.android.gms.example.appopendemo.MyApplication" ...>
...
</application>
实现实用程序组件
您的广告应该能够快速展示,因此最好先加载广告,以备需要 。这样,用户进入广告时,您的广告就会立即投放 嵌入您的应用中
实现实用程序组件 AppOpenAdManager
,以便在发生
。
Java
public class MyApplication extends Application {
// ...
/** Inner class that loads and shows app open ads. */
private class AppOpenAdManager {
private static final String LOG_TAG = "AppOpenAdManager";
private static final String AD_UNIT_ID = "ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/9257395921";
private AppOpenAd appOpenAd = null;
private boolean isLoadingAd = false;
private boolean isShowingAd = false;
/** Constructor. */
public AppOpenAdManager() {}
/** Request an ad. */
private void loadAd(Context context) {
// We will implement this later.
}
/** Check if ad exists and can be shown. */
private boolean isAdAvailable() {
return appOpenAd != null;
}
}
}
Kotlin
private const val String LOG_TAG = "AppOpenAdManager"
private const val String AD_UNIT_ID = "ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/9257395921"
public class MyApplication extends Application {
// ...
/** Inner class that loads and shows app open ads. */
private inner class AppOpenAdManager {
private var appOpenAd: AppOpenAd? = null
private var isLoadingAd = false
var isShowingAd = false
/** Request an ad. */
fun loadAd(context: Context) {
// We will implement this later.
}
/** Check if ad exists and can be shown. */
private fun isAdAvailable(): Boolean {
return appOpenAd != null
}
}
}
现在您已经有了实用工具类,可以在
MyApplication
类:
Java
public class MyApplication extends Application {
private AppOpenAdManager appOpenAdManager;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
new Thread(
() -> {
// Initialize the Google Mobile Ads SDK on a background thread.
MobileAds.initialize(this, initializationStatus -> {});
})
.start();
appOpenAdManager = new AppOpenAdManager(this);
}
}
Kotlin
class MyApplication : Application() {
private lateinit var appOpenAdManager: AppOpenAdManager
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
val backgroundScope = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO)
backgroundScope.launch {
// Initialize the Google Mobile Ads SDK on a background thread.
MobileAds.initialize(this@MyApplication) {}
}
appOpenAdManager = AppOpenAdManager()
}
}
加载广告
下一步是填充 loadAd()
方法并处理广告投放
回调。
Java
private class AppOpenAdManager {
// ...
/** Request an ad. */
public void loadAd(Context context) {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if (isLoadingAd || isAdAvailable()) {
return;
}
isLoadingAd = true;
AdRequest request = new AdRequest.Builder().build();
AppOpenAd.load(
context, AD_UNIT_ID, request,
AppOpenAd.APP_OPEN_AD_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT,
new AppOpenAdLoadCallback() {
@Override
public void onAdLoaded(AppOpenAd ad) {
// Called when an app open ad has loaded.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Ad was loaded.");
appOpenAd = ad;
isLoadingAd = false;
loadTime = (new Date()).getTime();
}
@Override
public void onAdFailedToLoad(LoadAdError loadAdError) {
// Called when an app open ad has failed to load.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, loadAdError.getMessage());
isLoadingAd = false;
}
});
}
// ...
}
Kotlin
private inner class AppOpenAdManager {
// ...
/** Request an ad. */
fun loadAd(context: Context) {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if (isLoadingAd || isAdAvailable()) {
return
}
isLoadingAd = true
val request = AdRequest.Builder().build()
AppOpenAd.load(
context, AD_UNIT_ID, request,
AppOpenAd.APP_OPEN_AD_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT,
object : AppOpenAdLoadCallback() {
override fun onAdLoaded(ad: AppOpenAd) {
// Called when an app open ad has loaded.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Ad was loaded.")
appOpenAd = ad
isLoadingAd = false
loadTime = Date().time
}
override fun onAdFailedToLoad(loadAdError: LoadAdError) {
// Called when an app open ad has failed to load.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, loadAdError.message)
isLoadingAd = false;
}
})
}
// ...
}
展示广告并处理全屏回调事件
最常见的开屏植入方式是尝试展示开屏广告 在应用启动附近、启动应用内容(如果广告尚未就绪),并预加载另一个广告 争取下一次开屏广告机会请参阅 开屏广告指南 了解实施示例。
以下代码演示了如何展示广告并随后重新加载广告:
Java
public class MyApplication extends Application {
// ...
/** Interface definition for a callback to be invoked when an app open ad is complete. */
public interface OnShowAdCompleteListener {
void onShowAdComplete();
}
private class AppOpenAdManager {
// ...
/** Shows the ad if one isn't already showing. */
public void showAdIfAvailable(
@NonNull final Activity activity,
@NonNull OnShowAdCompleteListener onShowAdCompleteListener){
// If the app open ad is already showing, do not show the ad again.
if (isShowingAd) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "The app open ad is already showing.");
return;
}
// If the app open ad is not available yet, invoke the callback then load the ad.
if (!isAdAvailable()) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "The app open ad is not ready yet.");
onShowAdCompleteListener.onShowAdComplete();
loadAd(activity);
return;
}
appOpenAd.setFullScreenContentCallback(
new FullScreenContentCallback() {
@Override
public void onAdDismissedFullScreenContent() {
// Called when fullscreen content is dismissed.
// Set the reference to null so isAdAvailable() returns false.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Ad dismissed fullscreen content.");
appOpenAd = null;
isShowingAd = false;
onShowAdCompleteListener.onShowAdComplete();
loadAd(activity);
}
@Override
public void onAdFailedToShowFullScreenContent(AdError adError) {
// Called when fullscreen content failed to show.
// Set the reference to null so isAdAvailable() returns false.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, adError.getMessage());
appOpenAd = null;
isShowingAd = false;
onShowAdCompleteListener.onShowAdComplete();
loadAd(activity);
}
@Override
public void onAdShowedFullScreenContent() {
// Called when fullscreen content is shown.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Ad showed fullscreen content.");
}
});
isShowingAd = true;
appOpenAd.show(activity);
}
// ...
}
}
Kotlin
class MyApplication : Application() {
// ...
/** Interface definition for a callback to be invoked when an app open ad is complete. */
interface OnShowAdCompleteListener {
fun onShowAdComplete()
}
private inner class AppOpenAdManager {
// ...
/** Shows the ad if one isn't already showing. */
fun showAdIfAvailable(
activity: Activity,
onShowAdCompleteListener: OnShowAdCompleteListener) {
// If the app open ad is already showing, do not show the ad again.
if (isShowingAd) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "The app open ad is already showing.")
return
}
// If the app open ad is not available yet, invoke the callback then load the ad.
if (!isAdAvailable()) {
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "The app open ad is not ready yet.")
onShowAdCompleteListener.onShowAdComplete()
loadAd(activity)
return
}
appOpenAd?.setFullScreenContentCallback(
object : FullScreenContentCallback() {
override fun onAdDismissedFullScreenContent() {
// Called when full screen content is dismissed.
// Set the reference to null so isAdAvailable() returns false.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Ad dismissed fullscreen content.")
appOpenAd = null
isShowingAd = false
onShowAdCompleteListener.onShowAdComplete()
loadAd(activity)
}
override fun onAdFailedToShowFullScreenContent(adError: AdError) {
// Called when fullscreen content failed to show.
// Set the reference to null so isAdAvailable() returns false.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, adError.message)
appOpenAd = null
isShowingAd = false
onShowAdCompleteListener.onShowAdComplete()
loadAd(activity)
}
override fun onAdShowedFullScreenContent() {
// Called when fullscreen content is shown.
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Ad showed fullscreen content.")
}
})
isShowingAd = true
appOpenAd?.show(activity)
}
// ...
}
}
通过
FullScreenContentCallback
处理各种事件,例如广告展示、无法展示或广告展示时
已关闭。
考虑广告有效期
为确保您不会展示过期的广告,请向 AppOpenAdManager
添加一个方法
以便检查自您的广告引用加载后经过了多长时间。然后,使用
方法来检查广告是否仍然有效。
Java
private class AppOpenAdManager {
// ...
/** Keep track of the time an app open ad is loaded to ensure you don't show an expired ad. */
private long loadTime = 0;
// ...
/** Utility method to check if ad was loaded more than n hours ago. */
private boolean wasLoadTimeLessThanNHoursAgo(long numHours) {
long dateDifference = (new Date()).getTime() - this.loadTime;
long numMilliSecondsPerHour = 3600000;
return (dateDifference < (numMilliSecondsPerHour * numHours));
}
/** Check if ad exists and can be shown. */
public boolean isAdAvailable() {
return appOpenAd != null && wasLoadTimeLessThanNHoursAgo(4);
}
}
Kotlin
private inner class AppOpenAdManager {
// ...
/** Keep track of the time an app open ad is loaded to ensure you don't show an expired ad. */
private var loadTime: Long = 0;
// ...
/** Utility method to check if ad was loaded more than n hours ago. */
private fun wasLoadTimeLessThanNHoursAgo(numHours: Long): Boolean {
val dateDifference: Long = Date().time - loadTime
val numMilliSecondsPerHour: Long = 3600000
return dateDifference < numMilliSecondsPerHour * numHours
}
/** Check if ad exists and can be shown. */
private fun isAdAvailable(): Boolean {
return appOpenAd != null && wasLoadTimeLessThanNHoursAgo(4)
}
}
跟踪当前活动
要展示广告,您需要 Activity
上下文。为了跟踪
当前正在使用的 activity,注册并实现
Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks
。
Java
public class MyApplication extends Application implements ActivityLifecycleCallbacks {
private Activity currentActivity;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
this.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this);
// ...
}
/** ActivityLifecycleCallback methods. */
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {}
@Override
public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
currentActivity = activity
}
@Override
public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {}
@Override
public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {}
@Override
public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {}
@Override
public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle bundle) {}
@Override
public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {}
}
Kotlin
class MyApplication : Application(), Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks {
private var currentActivity: Activity? = null
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this)
// ...
}
/** ActivityLifecycleCallback methods. */
override fun onActivityCreated(activity: Activity, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {}
override fun onActivityStarted(activity: Activity) {
currentActivity = activity
}
override fun onActivityResumed(activity: Activity) {}
override fun onActivityPaused(activity: Activity) {}
override fun onActivityStopped(activity: Activity) {}
override fun onActivitySaveInstanceState(activity: Activity, outState: Bundle) {}
override fun onActivityDestroyed(activity: Activity) {}
}
registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks
可让您监听所有 Activity
事件。通过监听
启动和销毁后,您可以跟踪对当前
Activity
,您随后将用它来展示您的开屏广告。
监听应用前台事件
将库添加到 Gradle 文件中
要收到应用前台事件的通知,您需要注册
DefaultLifecycleObserver
。将其依赖项添加到您的应用级 build 文件:
Kotlin
dependencies { implementation("com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads:23.3.0") implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:2.8.3") }
Groovy
dependencies { implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads:23.3.0' implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:2.8.3' }
实现生命周期观察器接口
您可以通过实现
DefaultLifecycleObserver
接口。
实现 onStart
事件以展示开屏广告。
Java
public class MyApplication extends Application
implements ActivityLifecycleCallbacks, LifecycleObserver {
// ...
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
this.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this);
new Thread(
() -> {
// Initialize the Google Mobile Ads SDK on a background thread.
MobileAds.initialize(this, initializationStatus -> {});
})
.start();
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().getLifecycle().addObserver(this);
appOpenAdManager = new AppOpenAdManager();
}
/** LifecycleObserver method that shows the app open ad when the app moves to foreground. */
@OnLifecycleEvent(Event.ON_START)
protected void onMoveToForeground() {
// Show the ad (if available) when the app moves to foreground.
appOpenAdManager.showAdIfAvailable(currentActivity);
}
/** Show the ad if one isn't already showing. */
private void showAdIfAvailable(@NonNull final Activity activity) {
showAdIfAvailable(
activity,
new OnShowAdCompleteListener() {
@Override
public void onShowAdComplete() {
// Empty because the user will go back to the activity that shows the ad.
}
});
}
}
Kotlin
class MyApplication : Application(),
Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks, LifecycleObserver {
// ...
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(this)
val backgroundScope = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO)
backgroundScope.launch {
// Initialize the Google Mobile Ads SDK on a background thread.
MobileAds.initialize(this@MyApplication) {}
}
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(this)
appOpenAdManager = AppOpenAdManager()
}
/** LifecycleObserver method that shows the app open ad when the app moves to foreground. */
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
fun onMoveToForeground() {
// Show the ad (if available) when the app moves to foreground.
currentActivity?.let {
appOpenAdManager.showAdIfAvailable(it)
}
}
/** Show the ad if one isn't already showing. */
fun showAdIfAvailable(activity: Activity) {
showAdIfAvailable(
activity,
object : OnShowAdCompleteListener {
override fun onShowAdComplete() {
// Empty because the user will go back to the activity that shows the ad.
}
})
}
}
冷启动和加载屏幕
到目前为止,本文档假定您仅在用户 让应用在内存中挂起时进入前台运行“冷启动”出现以下情况: 您的应用已启动,但之前未在内存中挂起。
冷启动的一个示例是用户首次打开您的应用。 采用冷启动时,您将无法在之前加载的开屏广告 立即展示从您请求广告到收到广告之间的延迟时间 可能会导致用户能够在使用应用之前 用户意外看到与广告内容不符的广告应该避免这种情况 用户体验不佳。
若要在冷启动时使用开屏广告,首选方式是使用加载屏幕 来加载游戏或应用素材资源,并且仅在加载时展示广告 屏幕。如果您的应用已加载完毕,并且用户已经转至主应用, 不要展示广告。
最佳做法
借助开屏广告,您可以在应用的加载屏幕首次展示时变现 应用启动和应用切换期间,但务必要遵循 确保用户喜欢使用您的应用最好:
- 在用户使用几次您的应用后展示您的第一个开屏广告。
- 在用户会等待期间展示开屏广告 以便您的应用加载
- 如果开屏广告下有加载屏幕,而加载屏幕
广告加载完毕之前,您可能需要关闭
onAdDismissedFullScreenContent()
方法中加载屏幕。
GitHub 上的示例
后续步骤
请浏览以下主题: