本指南适用于集成开屏广告的发布商。
开屏广告是一种特殊的广告格式，适合希望通过应用加载屏幕创收的发布商。用户可以随时关闭开屏广告。开屏广告可以在用户将您的应用切换为在前台运行时展示。
开屏广告会自动在一个较小的区域内展示您的品牌信息，让用户知道他们是在您的应用中。以下是一个开屏广告示例：
概括来讲，植入开屏广告需要执行以下步骤：
- 创建一个 manager 类，用于先加载广告，以备需要展示时使用。
- 在应用前台事件期间显示广告。
- 处理展示回调。
前提条件
务必用测试广告进行测试
构建和测试应用时，请确保使用测试广告，而不是实际投放的广告。否则，可能会导致您的帐号被暂停。
对于开屏广告，加载测试广告最简便的方法就是使用下面的专用测试广告单元 ID：
ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023
该测试广告单元 ID 已经过专门配置，可为每个请求返回测试广告，您可以在自己应用的编码、测试和调试过程中随意使用该测试广告单元 ID。只是一定要在发布应用前用您自己的广告单元 ID 替换该测试广告单元 ID。
如需详细了解移动广告 SDK 的测试广告如何运作，请参阅测试广告。
实现管理器类
您的广告应该可以快速展示，因此最好先加载广告，以备需要展示时使用。这样一来，只要用户进入您的应用，广告就会立即展示。实现一个 Manager 类，以在需要展示广告之前发出广告请求。
创建一个名为 AppOpenAdManager 的新单例类，并按以下方式填写该类：
Swift
class AppOpenAdManager: NSObject {
var appOpenAd: GADAppOpenAd?
var isLoadingAd = false.
var isShowingAd = false
static let shared = AppOpenAdManager()
private func loadAd() async {
// TODO: Implement loading an ad.
}
func showAdIfAvailable() {
// TODO: Implement showing an ad.
}
private func isAdAvailable() -> Bool {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return appOpenAd != nil
}
}
Objective-C
@interface AppOpenAdManager ()
@property(nonatomic, strong) GADAppOpenAd *appOpenAd;
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isLoadingAd;
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isShowingAd;
@end
@implementation AppOpenAdManager
+ (nonnull AppOpenAdManager *)sharedInstance {
static AppOpenAdManager *instance = nil;
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
instance = [[AppOpenAdManager alloc] init];
});
return instance;
}
- (void)loadAd {
// TODO: Implement loading an ad.
}
// Add this method to the .h file.
- (void)showAdIfAvailable {
// TODO: Implement showing an ad.
}
- (BOOL)isAdAvailable {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return self.appOpenAd != nil;
}
@end
加载广告
下一步是填写 loadAd() 方法。
Swift
private func loadAd() async {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if isLoadingAd || isAdAvailable() {
return
}
isLoadingAd = true
do {
appOpenAd = try await GADAppOpenAd.load(
withAdUnitID: "ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023", request: GADRequest())
} catch {
print("App open ad failed to load with error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
}
isLoadingAd = false
}
Objective-C
- (void)loadAd {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if (self.isLoadingAd || [self isAdAvailable]) {
return;
}
self.isLoadingAd = YES;
[GADAppOpenAd loadWithAdUnitID:@"ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023"
request:[GADRequest request]
completionHandler:^(GADAppOpenAd *_Nullable appOpenAd, NSError *_Nullable error) {
self.isLoadingAd = NO;
if (error) {
NSLog(@"Failed to load app open ad: %@", error);
return;
}
self.appOpenAd = appOpenAd;
}];
}
展示广告
下一步是填写 showAdIfAvailable() 方法。如果没有可用的广告，该方法会尝试加载广告。
Swift
func showAdIfAvailable() {
// If the app open ad is already showing, do not show the ad again.
guard !isShowingAd else { return }
// If the app open ad is not available yet but is supposed to show, load
// a new ad.
if !isAdAvailable() {
Task {
await loadAd()
}
return
}
if let ad = appOpenAd {
isShowingAd = true
ad.present(fromRootViewController: nil)
}
}
Objective-C
- (void)showAdIfAvailable {
// If the app open ad is already showing, do not show the ad again.
if (self.isShowingAd) {
return;
}
// If the app open ad is not available yet but is supposed to show, load a
// new ad.
if (![self isAdAvailable]) {
[self loadAd];
return;
}
self.isShowingAd = YES;
[self.appOpenAd presentFromRootViewController:nil];
}
在应用前台事件期间展示广告
当应用变为有效状态时，调用 showAdIfAvailable() 以展示广告（如果有），或者加载新的广告。
Swift
@UIApplicationMain
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {
// ...
func applicationDidBecomeActive(_ application: UIApplication) {
// Show the app open ad when the app is foregrounded.
AppOpenAdManager.shared.showAdIfAvailable()
}
}
Objective-C
@implementation AppDelegate
// ...
- (void) applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application {
// Show the app open ad when the app is foregrounded.
[AppOpenAdManager.sharedInstance showAdIfAvailable];
}
@end
处理展示回调
当应用展示开屏广告时，您应借助 GADFullScreenContentDelegate 处理某些展示事件。具体而言，您需要在第一个开屏广告展示完毕后请求下一个开屏广告。
在 AppOpenAdManager 类中添加以下代码：
Swift
class AppOpenAdManager: NSObject, GADFullScreenContentDelegate {
// ...
private func loadAd() async {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if isLoadingAd || isAdAvailable() {
return
}
isLoadingAd = true
do {
appOpenAd = try await GADAppOpenAd.load(
withAdUnitID: "ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023", request: GADRequest())
appOpenAd?.fullScreenContentDelegate = self
} catch {
print("App open ad failed to load with error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
}
isLoadingAd = false
}
// ...
// MARK: - GADFullScreenContentDelegate methods
func adWillPresentFullScreenContent(_ ad: GADFullScreenPresentingAd) {
print("App open ad will be presented.")
}
func adDidDismissFullScreenContent(_ ad: GADFullScreenPresentingAd) {
appOpenAd = nil
isShowingAd = false
// Reload an ad.
Task {
await loadAd()
}
}
func ad(
_ ad: GADFullScreenPresentingAd,
didFailToPresentFullScreenContentWithError error: Error
) {
appOpenAd = nil
isShowingAd = false
// Reload an ad.
Task {
await loadAd()
}
}
}
Objective-C
@interface AppOpenAdManager () <GADFullScreenContentDelegate>
@property(nonatomic, strong) GADAppOpenAd *appOpenAd
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isLoadingAd;
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isShowingAd;
@end
@implementation AppOpenAdManager
// ...
- (void)loadAd {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if (self.isLoadingAd || [self isAdAvailable]) {
return;
}
self.isLoadingAd = YES;
[GADAppOpenAd loadWithAdUnitID:@"ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023"
request:[GADRequest request]
completionHandler:^(GADAppOpenAd *_Nullable appOpenAd, NSError *_Nullable error) {
self.isLoadingAd = NO;
if (error) {
NSLog(@"Failed to load app open ad: %@", error);
return;
}
self.appOpenAd = appOpenAd;
self.appOpenAd.fullScreenContentDelegate = self;
}];
}
- (BOOL)isAdAvailable {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return self.appOpenAd != nil;
}
// ...
#pragma mark - GADFullScreenContentDelegate methods
- (void)adWillPresentFullScreenContent:(nonnull id<GADFullScreenPresentingAd>)ad {
NSLog(@"App open ad is will be presented.");
}
- (void)adDidDismissFullScreenContent:(nonnull id<GADFullScreenPresentingAd>)ad {
self.appOpenAd = nil;
self.isShowingAd = NO;
// Reload an ad.
[self loadAd];
}
- (void)ad:(nonnull id<GADFullScreenPresentingAd>)ad
didFailToPresentFullScreenContentWithError:(nonnull NSError *)error {
self.appOpenAd = nil;
self.isShowingAd = NO;
// Reload an ad.
[self loadAd];
}
@end
考虑广告有效期
为确保您不会展示过期的广告，您可以向应用委托 (app delegate) 添加一个方法，用于检查广告引用加载后经过的时间。
在 AppOpenAdManager 中，添加一个名为 loadTime 的 Date 属性，并在广告加载时设置该属性。然后，您可以添加一个方法，该方法会在广告加载后经过的小时数少于特定小时数时返回 true。请务必先检查广告引用的有效性，然后再尝试展示广告。
Swift
class AppOpenAdManager: NSObject, GADFullScreenContentDelegate {
var appOpenAd: GADAppOpenAd?
var isLoadingAd = false.
var isShowingAd = false
var loadTime: Date?
let fourHoursInSeconds = TimeInterval(3600 * 4)
// ...
private func loadAd() async {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if isLoadingAd || isAdAvailable() {
return
}
isLoadingAd = true
do {
appOpenAd = try await GADAppOpenAd.load(
withAdUnitID: "ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023", request: GADRequest())
appOpenAd?.fullScreenContentDelegate = self
loadTime = Date()
} catch {
print("App open ad failed to load with error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
}
isLoadingAd = false
}
private func wasLoadTimeLessThanFourHoursAgo() -> Bool {
guard let loadTime = loadTime else { return false }
// Check if ad was loaded more than four hours ago.
return Date().timeIntervalSince(loadTime) < fourHoursInSeconds
}
private func isAdAvailable() -> Bool {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return appOpenAd != nil && wasLoadTimeLessThanFourHoursAgo()
}
}
Objective-C
static NSTimeInterval const fourHoursInSeconds = 3600 * 4;
@interface AppOpenAdManager () <GADFullScreenContentDelegate>
@property(nonatomic, strong) GADAppOpenAd *appOpenAd
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isLoadingAd;
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isShowingAd;
@property(weak, nonatomic) NSDate *loadTime;
@end
@implementation AppOpenAdManager
// ...
- (void)loadAd {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if (self.isLoadingAd || [self isAdAvailable]) {
return;
}
self.isLoadingAd = YES;
[GADAppOpenAd loadWithAdUnitID:@"ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023"
request:[GADRequest request]
completionHandler:^(GADAppOpenAd *_Nullable appOpenAd, NSError *_Nullable error) {
self.isLoadingAd = NO;
if (error) {
NSLog(@"Failed to load app open ad: %@", error);
return;
}
self.appOpenAd = appOpenAd;
self.appOpenAd.fullScreenContentDelegate = self;
self.loadTime = [NSDate date];
}];
}
- (BOOL)wasLoadTimeLessThanFourHoursAgo {
// Check if ad was loaded more than four hours ago.
return [[NSDate Date] timeIntervalSinceDate:self.loadTime] < fourHoursInSeconds;
}
- (BOOL)isAdAvailable {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return self.appOpenAd != nil && [self wasLoadTimeLessThanFourHoursAgo];
}
@end
冷启动和加载屏幕
本文档假定您仅在以下情况下展示开屏广告：当应用在内存中暂停时，当用户在前台前台运行您的应用。“冷启动”是指您的应用已启动，但之前未在内存中暂停过。
例如，当用户首次打开您的应用时，就属于冷启动。对于冷启动，您没有之前已加载且可立即展示的开屏广告。从您请求广告到收到广告返回之间的延迟，可能会产生这样的情况：用户能够短暂地使用您的应用，然后突然看到脱离上下文的广告感到惊讶。应避免这种情况，因为这样会造成糟糕的用户体验。
在冷启动时使用开屏广告的首选方法是使用加载屏幕加载游戏或应用素材资源，并且仅从加载屏幕展示广告。如果您的应用已加载完毕并将用户引导至应用的主要内容，则不要展示广告。
最佳实践
Google 制作的开屏广告旨在帮助您通过应用的加载屏幕创收，但务必要牢记最佳实践，让用户乐于使用您的应用。请务必做到以下几点：
- 等到用户使用几次您的应用后，再展示第一个开屏广告。
- 在用户等待应用加载时展示开屏广告。
- 如果开屏广告下方有加载屏幕，并且加载屏幕在广告关闭之前完成加载，您可能需要通过
adDidDismissFullScreenContent方法关闭加载屏幕。
GitHub 上的完整示例
后续步骤
详细了解用户隐私权。