在地图上选择当前地点并显示详细信息

了解如何查找 Android 设备的当前位置，并显示该位置上相应地点（商家或其他地图注点）的详细信息。请按照本教程中的说明操作，使用 Maps SDK for Android、Places SDK for Android，以及 Google Play 服务地理位置 API 中的一体化位置信息提供程序，来构建一个 Android 应用。

获取代码

请从 GitHub 克隆或下载 Google Maps Android API v2 示例代码库。

查看 Java 版本的 activity：

    // Copyright 2020 Google LLC
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package com.example.currentplacedetailsonmap;

import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.location.Location;
import android.os.Bundle;

import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import com.google.android.gms.location.FusedLocationProviderClient;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationServices;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdateFactory;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.OnMapReadyCallback;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.CameraPosition;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.LatLng;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.Marker;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.MarkerOptions;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnCompleteListener;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.Task;

import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.Places;
import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.model.Place;
import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.model.PlaceLikelihood;
import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.net.FindCurrentPlaceRequest;
import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.net.FindCurrentPlaceResponse;
import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.net.PlacesClient;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * An activity that displays a map showing the place at the device's current location.
 */
public class MapsActivityCurrentPlace extends AppCompatActivity
        implements OnMapReadyCallback {

    private static final String TAG = MapsActivityCurrentPlace.class.getSimpleName();
    private GoogleMap map;
    private CameraPosition cameraPosition;

    // The entry point to the Places API.
    private PlacesClient placesClient;

    // The entry point to the Fused Location Provider.
    private FusedLocationProviderClient fusedLocationProviderClient;

    // A default location (Sydney, Australia) and default zoom to use when location permission is
    // not granted.
    private final LatLng defaultLocation = new LatLng(-33.8523341, 151.2106085);
    private static final int DEFAULT_ZOOM = 15;
    private static final int PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION = 1;
    private boolean locationPermissionGranted;

    // The geographical location where the device is currently located. That is, the last-known
    // location retrieved by the Fused Location Provider.
    private Location lastKnownLocation;

    // Keys for storing activity state.
    private static final String KEY_CAMERA_POSITION = "camera_position";
    private static final String KEY_LOCATION = "location";

    // Used for selecting the current place.
    private static final int M_MAX_ENTRIES = 5;
    private String[] likelyPlaceNames;
    private String[] likelyPlaceAddresses;
    private List[] likelyPlaceAttributions;
    private LatLng[] likelyPlaceLatLngs;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        // Retrieve location and camera position from saved instance state.
        if (savedInstanceState != null) {
            lastKnownLocation = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_LOCATION);
            cameraPosition = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION);
        }

        // Retrieve the content view that renders the map.
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps);

        // Construct a PlacesClient
        Places.initialize(getApplicationContext(), BuildConfig.PLACES_API_KEY);
        placesClient = Places.createClient(this);

        // Construct a FusedLocationProviderClient.
        fusedLocationProviderClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this);

        // Build the map.
        SupportMapFragment mapFragment = (SupportMapFragment) getSupportFragmentManager()
                .findFragmentById(R.id.map);
        mapFragment.getMapAsync(this);
    }

    /**
     * Saves the state of the map when the activity is paused.
     */
    @Override
    protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
        if (map != null) {
            outState.putParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION, map.getCameraPosition());
            outState.putParcelable(KEY_LOCATION, lastKnownLocation);
        }
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
    }

    /**
     * Sets up the options menu.
     * @param menu The options menu.
     * @return Boolean.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.current_place_menu, menu);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Handles a click on the menu option to get a place.
     * @param item The menu item to handle.
     * @return Boolean.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        if (item.getItemId() == R.id.option_get_place) {
            showCurrentPlace();
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Manipulates the map when it's available.
     * This callback is triggered when the map is ready to be used.
     */
    @Override
    public void onMapReady(GoogleMap map) {
        this.map = map;

        // Use a custom info window adapter to handle multiple lines of text in the
        // info window contents.
        this.map.setInfoWindowAdapter(new GoogleMap.InfoWindowAdapter() {

            @Override
            // Return null here, so that getInfoContents() is called next.
            public View getInfoWindow(Marker arg0) {
                return null;
            }

            @Override
            public View getInfoContents(Marker marker) {
                // Inflate the layouts for the info window, title and snippet.
                View infoWindow = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.custom_info_contents,
                        (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.map), false);

                TextView title = infoWindow.findViewById(R.id.title);
                title.setText(marker.getTitle());

                TextView snippet = infoWindow.findViewById(R.id.snippet);
                snippet.setText(marker.getSnippet());

                return infoWindow;
            }
        });

        // Prompt the user for permission.
        getLocationPermission();

        // Turn on the My Location layer and the related control on the map.
        updateLocationUI();

        // Get the current location of the device and set the position of the map.
        getDeviceLocation();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the current location of the device, and positions the map's camera.
     */
    private void getDeviceLocation() {
        /*
         * Get the best and most recent location of the device, which may be null in rare
         * cases when a location is not available.
         */
        try {
            if (locationPermissionGranted) {
                Task<Location> locationResult = fusedLocationProviderClient.getLastLocation();
                locationResult.addOnCompleteListener(this, new OnCompleteListener<Location>() {
                    @Override
                    public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Location> task) {
                        if (task.isSuccessful()) {
                            // Set the map's camera position to the current location of the device.
                            lastKnownLocation = task.getResult();
                            if (lastKnownLocation != null) {
                                map.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(
                                        new LatLng(lastKnownLocation.getLatitude(),
                                                lastKnownLocation.getLongitude()), DEFAULT_ZOOM));
                            }
                        } else {
                            Log.d(TAG, "Current location is null. Using defaults.");
                            Log.e(TAG, "Exception: %s", task.getException());
                            map.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory
                                    .newLatLngZoom(defaultLocation, DEFAULT_ZOOM));
                            map.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(false);
                        }
                    }
                });
            }
        } catch (SecurityException e)  {
            Log.e("Exception: %s", e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Prompts the user for permission to use the device location.
     */
    private void getLocationPermission() {
        /*
         * Request location permission, so that we can get the location of the
         * device. The result of the permission request is handled by a callback,
         * onRequestPermissionsResult.
         */
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this.getApplicationContext(),
                android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            locationPermissionGranted = true;
        } else {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                    new String[]{android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                    PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Handles the result of the request for location permissions.
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
                                           @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                           @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        locationPermissionGranted = false;
        if (requestCode
            == PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) {// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
            if (grantResults.length > 0
                && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                locationPermissionGranted = true;
            }
        } else {
            super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        }
        updateLocationUI();
    }

    /**
     * Prompts the user to select the current place from a list of likely places, and shows the
     * current place on the map - provided the user has granted location permission.
     */
    private void showCurrentPlace() {
        if (map == null) {
            return;
        }

        if (locationPermissionGranted) {
            // Use fields to define the data types to return.
            List<Place.Field> placeFields = Arrays.asList(Place.Field.NAME, Place.Field.ADDRESS,
                    Place.Field.LAT_LNG);

            // Use the builder to create a FindCurrentPlaceRequest.
            FindCurrentPlaceRequest request =
                    FindCurrentPlaceRequest.newInstance(placeFields);

            // Get the likely places - that is, the businesses and other points of interest that
            // are the best match for the device's current location.
            @SuppressWarnings("MissingPermission") final
            Task<FindCurrentPlaceResponse> placeResult =
                    placesClient.findCurrentPlace(request);
            placeResult.addOnCompleteListener (new OnCompleteListener<FindCurrentPlaceResponse>() {
                @Override
                public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<FindCurrentPlaceResponse> task) {
                    if (task.isSuccessful() && task.getResult() != null) {
                        FindCurrentPlaceResponse likelyPlaces = task.getResult();

                        // Set the count, handling cases where less than 5 entries are returned.
                        int count;
                        if (likelyPlaces.getPlaceLikelihoods().size() < M_MAX_ENTRIES) {
                            count = likelyPlaces.getPlaceLikelihoods().size();
                        } else {
                            count = M_MAX_ENTRIES;
                        }

                        int i = 0;
                        likelyPlaceNames = new String[count];
                        likelyPlaceAddresses = new String[count];
                        likelyPlaceAttributions = new List[count];
                        likelyPlaceLatLngs = new LatLng[count];

                        for (PlaceLikelihood placeLikelihood : likelyPlaces.getPlaceLikelihoods()) {
                            // Build a list of likely places to show the user.
                            likelyPlaceNames[i] = placeLikelihood.getPlace().getName();
                            likelyPlaceAddresses[i] = placeLikelihood.getPlace().getAddress();
                            likelyPlaceAttributions[i] = placeLikelihood.getPlace()
                                    .getAttributions();
                            likelyPlaceLatLngs[i] = placeLikelihood.getPlace().getLatLng();

                            i++;
                            if (i > (count - 1)) {
                                break;
                            }
                        }

                        // Show a dialog offering the user the list of likely places, and add a
                        // marker at the selected place.
                        MapsActivityCurrentPlace.this.openPlacesDialog();
                    }
                    else {
                        Log.e(TAG, "Exception: %s", task.getException());
                    }
                }
            });
        } else {
            // The user has not granted permission.
            Log.i(TAG, "The user did not grant location permission.");

            // Add a default marker, because the user hasn't selected a place.
            map.addMarker(new MarkerOptions()
                    .title(getString(R.string.default_info_title))
                    .position(defaultLocation)
                    .snippet(getString(R.string.default_info_snippet)));

            // Prompt the user for permission.
            getLocationPermission();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Displays a form allowing the user to select a place from a list of likely places.
     */
    private void openPlacesDialog() {
        // Ask the user to choose the place where they are now.
        DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener = new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                // The "which" argument contains the position of the selected item.
                LatLng markerLatLng = likelyPlaceLatLngs[which];
                String markerSnippet = likelyPlaceAddresses[which];
                if (likelyPlaceAttributions[which] != null) {
                    markerSnippet = markerSnippet + "\n" + likelyPlaceAttributions[which];
                }

                // Add a marker for the selected place, with an info window
                // showing information about that place.
                map.addMarker(new MarkerOptions()
                        .title(likelyPlaceNames[which])
                        .position(markerLatLng)
                        .snippet(markerSnippet));

                // Position the map's camera at the location of the marker.
                map.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(markerLatLng,
                        DEFAULT_ZOOM));
            }
        };

        // Display the dialog.
        AlertDialog dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                .setTitle(R.string.pick_place)
                .setItems(likelyPlaceNames, listener)
                .show();
    }

    /**
     * Updates the map's UI settings based on whether the user has granted location permission.
     */
    private void updateLocationUI() {
        if (map == null) {
            return;
        }
        try {
            if (locationPermissionGranted) {
                map.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
                map.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(true);
            } else {
                map.setMyLocationEnabled(false);
                map.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(false);
                lastKnownLocation = null;
                getLocationPermission();
            }
        } catch (SecurityException e)  {
            Log.e("Exception: %s", e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

查看 Kotlin 版本的 activity：

    // Copyright 2020 Google LLC
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
package com.example.currentplacedetailsonmap

import android.Manifest
import android.annotation.SuppressLint
import android.content.DialogInterface
import android.content.pm.PackageManager
import android.location.Location
import android.os.Bundle
import android.util.Log
import android.view.Menu
import android.view.MenuItem
import android.view.View
import android.widget.FrameLayout
import android.widget.TextView
import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
import com.google.android.gms.location.FusedLocationProviderClient
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationServices
import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdateFactory
import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap
import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap.InfoWindowAdapter
import com.google.android.gms.maps.OnMapReadyCallback
import com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.CameraPosition
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.LatLng
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.Marker
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.MarkerOptions
import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.Places
import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.model.Place
import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.net.FindCurrentPlaceRequest
import com.google.android.libraries.places.api.net.PlacesClient

/**
 * An activity that displays a map showing the place at the device's current location.
 */
class MapsActivityCurrentPlace : AppCompatActivity(), OnMapReadyCallback {
    private var map: GoogleMap? = null
    private var cameraPosition: CameraPosition? = null

    // The entry point to the Places API.
    private lateinit var placesClient: PlacesClient

    // The entry point to the Fused Location Provider.
    private lateinit var fusedLocationProviderClient: FusedLocationProviderClient

    // A default location (Sydney, Australia) and default zoom to use when location permission is
    // not granted.
    private val defaultLocation = LatLng(-33.8523341, 151.2106085)
    private var locationPermissionGranted = false

    // The geographical location where the device is currently located. That is, the last-known
    // location retrieved by the Fused Location Provider.
    private var lastKnownLocation: Location? = null
    private var likelyPlaceNames: Array<String?> = arrayOfNulls(0)
    private var likelyPlaceAddresses: Array<String?> = arrayOfNulls(0)
    private var likelyPlaceAttributions: Array<List<*>?> = arrayOfNulls(0)
    private var likelyPlaceLatLngs: Array<LatLng?> = arrayOfNulls(0)

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

        // Retrieve location and camera position from saved instance state.
        if (savedInstanceState != null) {
            lastKnownLocation = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_LOCATION)
            cameraPosition = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION)
        }

        // Retrieve the content view that renders the map.
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps)

        // Construct a PlacesClient
        Places.initialize(applicationContext, BuildConfig.MAPS_API_KEY)
        placesClient = Places.createClient(this)

        // Construct a FusedLocationProviderClient.
        fusedLocationProviderClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this)

        // Build the map.
        val mapFragment = supportFragmentManager
            .findFragmentById(R.id.map) as SupportMapFragment?
        mapFragment?.getMapAsync(this)
    }

    /**
     * Saves the state of the map when the activity is paused.
     */
    override fun onSaveInstanceState(outState: Bundle) {
        map?.let { map ->
            outState.putParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION, map.cameraPosition)
            outState.putParcelable(KEY_LOCATION, lastKnownLocation)
        }
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState)
    }

    /**
     * Sets up the options menu.
     * @param menu The options menu.
     * @return Boolean.
     */
    override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {
        menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.current_place_menu, menu)
        return true
    }

    /**
     * Handles a click on the menu option to get a place.
     * @param item The menu item to handle.
     * @return Boolean.
     */
    override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
        if (item.itemId == R.id.option_get_place) {
            showCurrentPlace()
        }
        return true
    }

    /**
     * Manipulates the map when it's available.
     * This callback is triggered when the map is ready to be used.
     */
    override fun onMapReady(map: GoogleMap) {
        this.map = map

        // Use a custom info window adapter to handle multiple lines of text in the
        // info window contents.
        this.map?.setInfoWindowAdapter(object : InfoWindowAdapter {
            // Return null here, so that getInfoContents() is called next.
            override fun getInfoWindow(arg0: Marker): View? {
                return null
            }

            override fun getInfoContents(marker: Marker): View {
                // Inflate the layouts for the info window, title and snippet.
                val infoWindow = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_info_contents,
                    findViewById<FrameLayout>(R.id.map), false)
                val title = infoWindow.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.title)
                title.text = marker.title
                val snippet = infoWindow.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.snippet)
                snippet.text = marker.snippet
                return infoWindow
            }
        })

        // Prompt the user for permission.
        getLocationPermission()

        // Turn on the My Location layer and the related control on the map.
        updateLocationUI()

        // Get the current location of the device and set the position of the map.
        getDeviceLocation()
    }

    /**
     * Gets the current location of the device, and positions the map's camera.
     */
    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
    private fun getDeviceLocation() {
        /*
         * Get the best and most recent location of the device, which may be null in rare
         * cases when a location is not available.
         */
        try {
            if (locationPermissionGranted) {
                val locationResult = fusedLocationProviderClient.lastLocation
                locationResult.addOnCompleteListener(this) { task ->
                    if (task.isSuccessful) {
                        // Set the map's camera position to the current location of the device.
                        lastKnownLocation = task.result
                        if (lastKnownLocation != null) {
                            map?.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(
                                LatLng(lastKnownLocation!!.latitude,
                                    lastKnownLocation!!.longitude), DEFAULT_ZOOM.toFloat()))
                        }
                    } else {
                        Log.d(TAG, "Current location is null. Using defaults.")
                        Log.e(TAG, "Exception: %s", task.exception)
                        map?.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory
                            .newLatLngZoom(defaultLocation, DEFAULT_ZOOM.toFloat()))
                        map?.uiSettings?.isMyLocationButtonEnabled = false
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (e: SecurityException) {
            Log.e("Exception: %s", e.message, e)
        }
    }

    /**
     * Prompts the user for permission to use the device location.
     */
    private fun getLocationPermission() {
        /*
         * Request location permission, so that we can get the location of the
         * device. The result of the permission request is handled by a callback,
         * onRequestPermissionsResult.
         */
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this.applicationContext,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
            == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            locationPermissionGranted = true
        } else {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, arrayOf(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION),
                PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
        }
    }

    /**
     * Handles the result of the request for location permissions.
     */
    override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode: Int,
                                            permissions: Array<String>,
                                            grantResults: IntArray) {
        locationPermissionGranted = false
        when (requestCode) {
            PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION -> {

                // If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
                if (grantResults.isNotEmpty() &&
                    grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    locationPermissionGranted = true
                }
            }
            else -> super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)
        }
        updateLocationUI()
    }

    /**
     * Prompts the user to select the current place from a list of likely places, and shows the
     * current place on the map - provided the user has granted location permission.
     */
    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
    private fun showCurrentPlace() {
        if (map == null) {
            return
        }
        if (locationPermissionGranted) {
            // Use fields to define the data types to return.
            val placeFields = listOf(Place.Field.NAME, Place.Field.ADDRESS, Place.Field.LAT_LNG)

            // Use the builder to create a FindCurrentPlaceRequest.
            val request = FindCurrentPlaceRequest.newInstance(placeFields)

            // Get the likely places - that is, the businesses and other points of interest that
            // are the best match for the device's current location.
            val placeResult = placesClient.findCurrentPlace(request)
            placeResult.addOnCompleteListener { task ->
                if (task.isSuccessful && task.result != null) {
                    val likelyPlaces = task.result

                    // Set the count, handling cases where less than 5 entries are returned.
                    val count = if (likelyPlaces != null && likelyPlaces.placeLikelihoods.size < M_MAX_ENTRIES) {
                        likelyPlaces.placeLikelihoods.size
                    } else {
                        M_MAX_ENTRIES
                    }
                    var i = 0
                    likelyPlaceNames = arrayOfNulls(count)
                    likelyPlaceAddresses = arrayOfNulls(count)
                    likelyPlaceAttributions = arrayOfNulls<List<*>?>(count)
                    likelyPlaceLatLngs = arrayOfNulls(count)
                    for (placeLikelihood in likelyPlaces?.placeLikelihoods ?: emptyList()) {
                        // Build a list of likely places to show the user.
                        likelyPlaceNames[i] = placeLikelihood.place.name
                        likelyPlaceAddresses[i] = placeLikelihood.place.address
                        likelyPlaceAttributions[i] = placeLikelihood.place.attributions
                        likelyPlaceLatLngs[i] = placeLikelihood.place.latLng
                        i++
                        if (i > count - 1) {
                            break
                        }
                    }

                    // Show a dialog offering the user the list of likely places, and add a
                    // marker at the selected place.
                    openPlacesDialog()
                } else {
                    Log.e(TAG, "Exception: %s", task.exception)
                }
            }
        } else {
            // The user has not granted permission.
            Log.i(TAG, "The user did not grant location permission.")

            // Add a default marker, because the user hasn't selected a place.
            map?.addMarker(MarkerOptions()
                .title(getString(R.string.default_info_title))
                .position(defaultLocation)
                .snippet(getString(R.string.default_info_snippet)))

            // Prompt the user for permission.
            getLocationPermission()
        }
    }

    /**
     * Displays a form allowing the user to select a place from a list of likely places.
     */
    private fun openPlacesDialog() {
        // Ask the user to choose the place where they are now.
        val listener = DialogInterface.OnClickListener { dialog, which -> // The "which" argument contains the position of the selected item.
            val markerLatLng = likelyPlaceLatLngs[which]
            var markerSnippet = likelyPlaceAddresses[which]
            if (likelyPlaceAttributions[which] != null) {
                markerSnippet = """
                    $markerSnippet
                    ${likelyPlaceAttributions[which]}
                    """.trimIndent()
            }

            if (markerLatLng == null) {
                return@OnClickListener
            }

            // Add a marker for the selected place, with an info window
            // showing information about that place.
            map?.addMarker(MarkerOptions()
                .title(likelyPlaceNames[which])
                .position(markerLatLng)
                .snippet(markerSnippet))

            // Position the map's camera at the location of the marker.
            map?.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(markerLatLng,
                DEFAULT_ZOOM.toFloat()))
        }

        // Display the dialog.
        AlertDialog.Builder(this)
            .setTitle(R.string.pick_place)
            .setItems(likelyPlaceNames, listener)
            .show()
    }

    /**
     * Updates the map's UI settings based on whether the user has granted location permission.
     */
    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
    private fun updateLocationUI() {
        if (map == null) {
            return
        }
        try {
            if (locationPermissionGranted) {
                map?.isMyLocationEnabled = true
                map?.uiSettings?.isMyLocationButtonEnabled = true
            } else {
                map?.isMyLocationEnabled = false
                map?.uiSettings?.isMyLocationButtonEnabled = false
                lastKnownLocation = null
                getLocationPermission()
            }
        } catch (e: SecurityException) {
            Log.e("Exception: %s", e.message, e)
        }
    }

    companion object {
        private val TAG = MapsActivityCurrentPlace::class.java.simpleName
        private const val DEFAULT_ZOOM = 15
        private const val PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION = 1

        // Keys for storing activity state.
        private const val KEY_CAMERA_POSITION = "camera_position"
        private const val KEY_LOCATION = "location"

        // Used for selecting the current place.
        private const val M_MAX_ENTRIES = 5
    }
}

设置您的开发项目

请按照以下步骤在 Android Studio 中创建教程项目。

  1. 下载并安装 Android Studio。
  2. 将 Google Play 服务软件包添加到 Android Studio。
  3. 克隆或下载 Google Maps Android API v2 示例代码库（如果您在开始阅读本教程之前尚未执行此操作）。

  4. 导入教程项目：

    • 在 Android Studio 中，依次选择 File > New > Import Project。
    • 前往已下载的 Google Maps Android API v2 示例代码库的保存位置。
    • 在以下位置找到 CurrentPlaceDetailsOnMap 项目：
      PATH-TO-SAVED-REPO/android-samples/tutorials/java/CurrentPlaceDetailsOnMap (Java) 或
      PATH-TO-SAVED-REPO/android-samples/tutorials/kotlin/CurrentPlaceDetailsOnMap (Kotlin)
    • 选择项目目录，然后点击 Open。Android Studio 现在将使用 Gradle 构建工具构建您的项目。

启用必要的 API 并获取 API 密钥

如需完成本教程，您需要一个已启用必要 API 的 Google Cloud 项目，以及一个已获得 Maps SDK for Android 使用授权的 API 密钥。如需了解详情，请参阅以下文档：

如要查看已启用的 API，请前往 Cloud 控制台中的 Google Maps Platform 页面，并选择您的项目：

前往 Google Maps Platform 页面

如果您的项目中未启用 Places API，则必须启用它：

启用 Places API

如果您要向 API 密钥添加任何限制，请务必为该密钥添加 Places API。如需了解详情，请参阅使用 API 密钥。

向您的应用添加 API 密钥

  1. 打开项目的 local.properties 文件。

  2. 添加以下字符串，然后将 YOUR_API_KEY 替换为您的 API 密钥的值：

    MAPS_API_KEY=YOUR_API_KEY

    当您构建应用时，Android 版 Secrets Gradle 插件将复制 API 密钥，并以 build 变量的形式在 Android 清单中提供该密钥。

构建并运行应用

  1. 将 Android 设备连接到您的计算机。按照说明在您的 Android 设备上启用开发者选项，并配置您的系统，使之检测该设备。

    您也可以使用 Android 虚拟设备 (AVD) 管理器配置一个虚拟设备。选择模拟器时，请务必选择一个包含 Google API 的映像。如需了解详情，请参阅设置 Android Studio 项目。

  2. 在 Android Studio 中，点击 Run 菜单选项（或 Play 按钮图标）。按提示选择设备。

Android Studio 会调用 Gradle 来构建应用，然后在设备或模拟器上运行该应用。您将看到一张地图，该地图会以您当前所在位置为中心显示许多标记，与本页上的图像类似。

  1. 选择 Get Place，以打开您当前所在位置附近的地点（商家或其他地图注点）列表。
  2. 从该列表中选择一个地点。系统会在地图上为所选地点添加标记。

问题排查：

  • 如果您没有看到地图，请检查您是否已按照上文中的说明获取 API 密钥并将其添加到该应用中。在 Android Studio 的 Android Monitor 中查看日志，了解有关该 API 密钥的错误消息。
  • 如果地图上只显示一个位于悉尼海港大桥（该应用中指定的默认位置）的标记，请检查您是否已向该应用授予位置信息权限。该应用会在运行时按照 Android 权限指南中所述的模式提示您提供位置信息权限。请注意，您还可以直接在设备上选择设置 > 应用 > [应用的名称] > 权限 > 位置信息来设置权限。如需详细了解如何在您的代码中处理权限，请参阅下面有关在应用中请求位置信息权限的指南。
  • 使用 Android Studio 调试工具查看日志并调试该应用。

理解代码

本部分教程介绍了 CurrentPlaceDetailsOnMap 应用最重要的部分，以帮助您了解如何构建类似的应用。

将 Places API 客户端实例化

以下对象是 Places SDK for Android 的主要入口点：

  • Places 类，可为 Places SDK for Android 创建和管理客户端。
  • PlacesClient 接口，可检索设备的当前位置以及该位置附近的地点。

LocationServices 接口是 Android 位置信息服务的主要入口点。

要使用这些 API，请在 fragment 或 activity 的 onCreate() 方法中执行以下操作：

  1. 初始化一个 Places 对象。
  2. 创建一个 PlacesClient 对象。
  3. 创建一个 FusedLocationProviderClient 对象。

例如：

Java

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    // ...

    // Retrieve the content view that renders the map.
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps);

    // Construct a PlacesClient
    Places.initialize(getApplicationContext(), getString(R.string.maps_api_key));
    placesClient = Places.createClient(this);

    // Construct a FusedLocationProviderClient.
    fusedLocationProviderClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this);
}

Kotlin

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

    // ...

    // Retrieve the content view that renders the map.
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps)

    // Construct a PlacesClient
    Places.initialize(applicationContext, getString(R.string.maps_api_key))
    placesClient = Places.createClient(this)

    // Construct a FusedLocationProviderClient.
    fusedLocationProviderClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this)

}

请求位置信息权限

您的应用必须请求位置信息权限，才能确定设备的位置和允许用户在地图上点按“我的位置”按钮。

本教程提供了请求精确的位置信息权限所需的代码。如需了解详情，请参阅有关 Android 权限的指南。

  1. 在 Android 清单中，添加此权限作为 <manifest> 元素的子元素：

    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.currentplacedetailsonmap">
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
</manifest>

  2. 在应用中请求运行时权限，让用户有机会允许或拒绝位置信息权限。以下代码会检查用户是否已授予精确的位置信息权限。如果未授予，它将请求此权限：

    Java

    private void getLocationPermission() {
    /*
     * Request location permission, so that we can get the location of the
     * device. The result of the permission request is handled by a callback,
     * onRequestPermissionsResult.
     */
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this.getApplicationContext(),
            android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
            == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        locationPermissionGranted = true;
    } else {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                new String[]{android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
    }
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    private fun getLocationPermission() {
    /*
     * Request location permission, so that we can get the location of the
     * device. The result of the permission request is handled by a callback,
     * onRequestPermissionsResult.
     */
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this.applicationContext,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
        == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        locationPermissionGranted = true
    } else {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, arrayOf(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION),
            PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
    }
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

  3. 重写 onRequestPermissionsResult() 回调函数以处理权限请求的结果：

    Java

    @Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
                                       @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                       @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    locationPermissionGranted = false;
    if (requestCode
        == PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) {// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
        if (grantResults.length > 0
            && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            locationPermissionGranted = true;
        }
    } else {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }
    updateLocationUI();
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode: Int,
                                        permissions: Array<String>,
                                        grantResults: IntArray) {
    locationPermissionGranted = false
    when (requestCode) {
        PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION -> {

            // If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
            if (grantResults.isNotEmpty() &&
                grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                locationPermissionGranted = true
            }
        }
        else -> super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)
    }
    updateLocationUI()
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

    本教程中后面有一部分介绍了 updateLocationUI() 方法。

添加地图

使用 Maps SDK for Android 显示地图。

  1. 向 activity 的布局文件 activity_maps.xml 添加一个 <fragment> 元素。此元素定义一个 SupportMapFragment，用于充当地图的容器并提供 GoogleMap 对象的访问权限。本教程使用 Android 支持库版本的地图 fragment，以确保向后兼容较早版本的 Android 框架。

    <!--
 Copyright 2020 Google LLC

 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 You may obtain a copy of the License at

      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 limitations under the License.
-->

<fragment xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/map"
    android:name="com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.currentplacedetailsonmap.MapsActivityCurrentPlace" />

  2. 在您的 activity 的 onCreate() 方法中，将布局文件设置为内容视图：

    Java

    @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);


    // Retrieve the content view that renders the map.
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps);

}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)


    // Retrieve the content view that renders the map.
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps)

}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

  3. 实现 OnMapReadyCallback 接口并重写 onMapReady() 方法，以便在 GoogleMap 对象可用时设置地图：

    Java

    @Override
public void onMapReady(GoogleMap map) {
    this.map = map;

    // ...

    // Turn on the My Location layer and the related control on the map.
    updateLocationUI();

    // Get the current location of the device and set the position of the map.
    getDeviceLocation();
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    override fun onMapReady(map: GoogleMap) {
    this.map = map

    // ...

    // Turn on the My Location layer and the related control on the map.
    updateLocationUI()

    // Get the current location of the device and set the position of the map.
    getDeviceLocation()
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

  4. 在您的 activity 的 onCreate() 方法中，通过调用 FragmentManager.findFragmentById() 来获取地图 fragment 的句柄。然后使用 getMapAsync() 进行注册以执行地图回调：

    Java

    SupportMapFragment mapFragment = (SupportMapFragment) getSupportFragmentManager()
        .findFragmentById(R.id.map);
mapFragment.getMapAsync(this);
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    val mapFragment = supportFragmentManager
    .findFragmentById(R.id.map) as SupportMapFragment?
mapFragment?.getMapAsync(this)
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

  5. 编写 updateLocationUI() 方法以在地图上设置位置控件。如果用户已授予位置信息权限，请在地图上启用“我的位置”图层和相关控件；否则请停用它们并将当前位置设为 null：

    Java

    private void updateLocationUI() {
    if (map == null) {
        return;
    }
    try {
        if (locationPermissionGranted) {
            map.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
            map.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(true);
        } else {
            map.setMyLocationEnabled(false);
            map.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(false);
            lastKnownLocation = null;
            getLocationPermission();
        }
    } catch (SecurityException e)  {
        Log.e("Exception: %s", e.getMessage());
    }
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
private fun updateLocationUI() {
    if (map == null) {
        return
    }
    try {
        if (locationPermissionGranted) {
            map?.isMyLocationEnabled = true
            map?.uiSettings?.isMyLocationButtonEnabled = true
        } else {
            map?.isMyLocationEnabled = false
            map?.uiSettings?.isMyLocationButtonEnabled = false
            lastKnownLocation = null
            getLocationPermission()
        }
    } catch (e: SecurityException) {
        Log.e("Exception: %s", e.message, e)
    }
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

获取 Android 设备的位置并在地图上定位

使用一体化位置信息提供程序查找设备的最后已知位置，然后使用该位置在地图上定位。本教程提供了您所需的代码。如需详细了解如何获取设备的位置信息，请参阅有关 Google Play 服务地理位置 API 中一体化位置信息提供程序的指南。

Java

private void getDeviceLocation() {
    /*
     * Get the best and most recent location of the device, which may be null in rare
     * cases when a location is not available.
     */
    try {
        if (locationPermissionGranted) {
            Task<Location> locationResult = fusedLocationProviderClient.getLastLocation();
            locationResult.addOnCompleteListener(this, new OnCompleteListener<Location>() {
                @Override
                public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Location> task) {
                    if (task.isSuccessful()) {
                        // Set the map's camera position to the current location of the device.
                        lastKnownLocation = task.getResult();
                        if (lastKnownLocation != null) {
                            map.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(
                                    new LatLng(lastKnownLocation.getLatitude(),
                                            lastKnownLocation.getLongitude()), DEFAULT_ZOOM));
                        }
                    } else {
                        Log.d(TAG, "Current location is null. Using defaults.");
                        Log.e(TAG, "Exception: %s", task.getException());
                        map.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory
                                .newLatLngZoom(defaultLocation, DEFAULT_ZOOM));
                        map.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(false);
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    } catch (SecurityException e)  {
        Log.e("Exception: %s", e.getMessage(), e);
    }
}
MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

Kotlin

@SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
private fun getDeviceLocation() {
    /*
     * Get the best and most recent location of the device, which may be null in rare
     * cases when a location is not available.
     */
    try {
        if (locationPermissionGranted) {
            val locationResult = fusedLocationProviderClient.lastLocation
            locationResult.addOnCompleteListener(this) { task ->
                if (task.isSuccessful) {
                    // Set the map's camera position to the current location of the device.
                    lastKnownLocation = task.result
                    if (lastKnownLocation != null) {
                        map?.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(
                            LatLng(lastKnownLocation!!.latitude,
                                lastKnownLocation!!.longitude), DEFAULT_ZOOM.toFloat()))
                    }
                } else {
                    Log.d(TAG, "Current location is null. Using defaults.")
                    Log.e(TAG, "Exception: %s", task.exception)
                    map?.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory
                        .newLatLngZoom(defaultLocation, DEFAULT_ZOOM.toFloat()))
                    map?.uiSettings?.isMyLocationButtonEnabled = false
                }
            }
        }
    } catch (e: SecurityException) {
        Log.e("Exception: %s", e.message, e)
    }
}
MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

获取当前地点

使用 Places SDK for Android 获取设备当前位置可能存在的地点的列表。在这种情况下，地点是指商家或其他地图注点。

当用户点击获取地点按钮时，本教程构建的应用就会获取当前地点。它将以列表形式显示可能的地点，让用户进行选择，然后在地图上为所选地点的位置添加标记。本教程提供了您与 Places SDK for Android 交互所需的代码。如需了解详情，请参阅有关获取当前地点的指南。

  1. 为选项菜单创建布局文件 (current_place_menu.xml)，并重写 onCreateOptionsMenu() 方法，以便设置选项菜单。请参阅随附的示例应用，获取相关代码。
  2. 重写 onOptionsItemSelected() 方法以在用户点击获取地点选项时获取当前地点：

    Java

    @Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    if (item.getItemId() == R.id.option_get_place) {
        showCurrentPlace();
    }
    return true;
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
    if (item.itemId == R.id.option_get_place) {
        showCurrentPlace()
    }
    return true
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

  3. 创建 showCurrentPlace() 方法以获取设备当前位置可能存在的地点列表：

    Java

    private void showCurrentPlace() {
    if (map == null) {
        return;
    }

    if (locationPermissionGranted) {
        // Use fields to define the data types to return.
        List<Place.Field> placeFields = Arrays.asList(Place.Field.NAME, Place.Field.ADDRESS,
                Place.Field.LAT_LNG);

        // Use the builder to create a FindCurrentPlaceRequest.
        FindCurrentPlaceRequest request =
                FindCurrentPlaceRequest.newInstance(placeFields);

        // Get the likely places - that is, the businesses and other points of interest that
        // are the best match for the device's current location.
        @SuppressWarnings("MissingPermission") final
        Task<FindCurrentPlaceResponse> placeResult =
                placesClient.findCurrentPlace(request);
        placeResult.addOnCompleteListener (new OnCompleteListener<FindCurrentPlaceResponse>() {
            @Override
            public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<FindCurrentPlaceResponse> task) {
                if (task.isSuccessful() && task.getResult() != null) {
                    FindCurrentPlaceResponse likelyPlaces = task.getResult();

                    // Set the count, handling cases where less than 5 entries are returned.
                    int count;
                    if (likelyPlaces.getPlaceLikelihoods().size() < M_MAX_ENTRIES) {
                        count = likelyPlaces.getPlaceLikelihoods().size();
                    } else {
                        count = M_MAX_ENTRIES;
                    }

                    int i = 0;
                    likelyPlaceNames = new String[count];
                    likelyPlaceAddresses = new String[count];
                    likelyPlaceAttributions = new List[count];
                    likelyPlaceLatLngs = new LatLng[count];

                    for (PlaceLikelihood placeLikelihood : likelyPlaces.getPlaceLikelihoods()) {
                        // Build a list of likely places to show the user.
                        likelyPlaceNames[i] = placeLikelihood.getPlace().getName();
                        likelyPlaceAddresses[i] = placeLikelihood.getPlace().getAddress();
                        likelyPlaceAttributions[i] = placeLikelihood.getPlace()
                                .getAttributions();
                        likelyPlaceLatLngs[i] = placeLikelihood.getPlace().getLatLng();

                        i++;
                        if (i > (count - 1)) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }

                    // Show a dialog offering the user the list of likely places, and add a
                    // marker at the selected place.
                    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.this.openPlacesDialog();
                }
                else {
                    Log.e(TAG, "Exception: %s", task.getException());
                }
            }
        });
    } else {
        // The user has not granted permission.
        Log.i(TAG, "The user did not grant location permission.");

        // Add a default marker, because the user hasn't selected a place.
        map.addMarker(new MarkerOptions()
                .title(getString(R.string.default_info_title))
                .position(defaultLocation)
                .snippet(getString(R.string.default_info_snippet)));

        // Prompt the user for permission.
        getLocationPermission();
    }
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    @SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
private fun showCurrentPlace() {
    if (map == null) {
        return
    }
    if (locationPermissionGranted) {
        // Use fields to define the data types to return.
        val placeFields = listOf(Place.Field.NAME, Place.Field.ADDRESS, Place.Field.LAT_LNG)

        // Use the builder to create a FindCurrentPlaceRequest.
        val request = FindCurrentPlaceRequest.newInstance(placeFields)

        // Get the likely places - that is, the businesses and other points of interest that
        // are the best match for the device's current location.
        val placeResult = placesClient.findCurrentPlace(request)
        placeResult.addOnCompleteListener { task ->
            if (task.isSuccessful && task.result != null) {
                val likelyPlaces = task.result

                // Set the count, handling cases where less than 5 entries are returned.
                val count = if (likelyPlaces != null && likelyPlaces.placeLikelihoods.size < M_MAX_ENTRIES) {
                    likelyPlaces.placeLikelihoods.size
                } else {
                    M_MAX_ENTRIES
                }
                var i = 0
                likelyPlaceNames = arrayOfNulls(count)
                likelyPlaceAddresses = arrayOfNulls(count)
                likelyPlaceAttributions = arrayOfNulls<List<*>?>(count)
                likelyPlaceLatLngs = arrayOfNulls(count)
                for (placeLikelihood in likelyPlaces?.placeLikelihoods ?: emptyList()) {
                    // Build a list of likely places to show the user.
                    likelyPlaceNames[i] = placeLikelihood.place.name
                    likelyPlaceAddresses[i] = placeLikelihood.place.address
                    likelyPlaceAttributions[i] = placeLikelihood.place.attributions
                    likelyPlaceLatLngs[i] = placeLikelihood.place.latLng
                    i++
                    if (i > count - 1) {
                        break
                    }
                }

                // Show a dialog offering the user the list of likely places, and add a
                // marker at the selected place.
                openPlacesDialog()
            } else {
                Log.e(TAG, "Exception: %s", task.exception)
            }
        }
    } else {
        // The user has not granted permission.
        Log.i(TAG, "The user did not grant location permission.")

        // Add a default marker, because the user hasn't selected a place.
        map?.addMarker(MarkerOptions()
            .title(getString(R.string.default_info_title))
            .position(defaultLocation)
            .snippet(getString(R.string.default_info_snippet)))

        // Prompt the user for permission.
        getLocationPermission()
    }
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

  4. 创建 openPlacesDialog() 方法以显示一个表单，供用户从可能存在的地点列表中选择地点。在地图上为所选地点添加标记。标记内容包括地点的名称和地址以及 API 提供的任何属性：

    Java

    private void openPlacesDialog() {
    // Ask the user to choose the place where they are now.
    DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener = new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
            // The "which" argument contains the position of the selected item.
            LatLng markerLatLng = likelyPlaceLatLngs[which];
            String markerSnippet = likelyPlaceAddresses[which];
            if (likelyPlaceAttributions[which] != null) {
                markerSnippet = markerSnippet + "\n" + likelyPlaceAttributions[which];
            }

            // Add a marker for the selected place, with an info window
            // showing information about that place.
            map.addMarker(new MarkerOptions()
                    .title(likelyPlaceNames[which])
                    .position(markerLatLng)
                    .snippet(markerSnippet));

            // Position the map's camera at the location of the marker.
            map.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(markerLatLng,
                    DEFAULT_ZOOM));
        }
    };

    // Display the dialog.
    AlertDialog dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
            .setTitle(R.string.pick_place)
            .setItems(likelyPlaceNames, listener)
            .show();
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    private fun openPlacesDialog() {
    // Ask the user to choose the place where they are now.
    val listener = DialogInterface.OnClickListener { dialog, which -> // The "which" argument contains the position of the selected item.
        val markerLatLng = likelyPlaceLatLngs[which]
        var markerSnippet = likelyPlaceAddresses[which]
        if (likelyPlaceAttributions[which] != null) {
            markerSnippet = """
                $markerSnippet
                ${likelyPlaceAttributions[which]}
                """.trimIndent()
        }

        if (markerLatLng == null) {
            return@OnClickListener
        }

        // Add a marker for the selected place, with an info window
        // showing information about that place.
        map?.addMarker(MarkerOptions()
            .title(likelyPlaceNames[which])
            .position(markerLatLng)
            .snippet(markerSnippet))

        // Position the map's camera at the location of the marker.
        map?.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(markerLatLng,
            DEFAULT_ZOOM.toFloat()))
    }

    // Display the dialog.
    AlertDialog.Builder(this)
        .setTitle(R.string.pick_place)
        .setItems(likelyPlaceNames, listener)
        .show()
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

  5. 针对信息窗口内容创建自定义布局。这让您可以在信息窗口中显示多行内容。首先，添加一个 XML 布局文件 custom_info_contents.xml，其中包含一个信息窗口标题文本视图，以及一个代码段（即信息窗口的文本内容）文本视图：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
 Copyright 2020 Google LLC

 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 You may obtain a copy of the License at

      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 limitations under the License.
-->

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layoutDirection="locale"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:textColor="#ff000000"
        android:textStyle="bold" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/snippet"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textColor="#ff7f7f7f" />
</LinearLayout>

  6. 实现 InfoWindowAdapter 接口以膨胀此布局并加载信息窗口内容：

    Java

    // Use a custom info window adapter to handle multiple lines of text in the
// info window contents.
this.map.setInfoWindowAdapter(new GoogleMap.InfoWindowAdapter() {

    @Override
    // Return null here, so that getInfoContents() is called next.
    public View getInfoWindow(Marker arg0) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public View getInfoContents(Marker marker) {
        // Inflate the layouts for the info window, title and snippet.
        View infoWindow = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.custom_info_contents,
                (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.map), false);

        TextView title = infoWindow.findViewById(R.id.title);
        title.setText(marker.getTitle());

        TextView snippet = infoWindow.findViewById(R.id.snippet);
        snippet.setText(marker.getSnippet());

        return infoWindow;
    }
});
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    // Use a custom info window adapter to handle multiple lines of text in the
// info window contents.
this.map?.setInfoWindowAdapter(object : InfoWindowAdapter {
    // Return null here, so that getInfoContents() is called next.
    override fun getInfoWindow(arg0: Marker): View? {
        return null
    }

    override fun getInfoContents(marker: Marker): View {
        // Inflate the layouts for the info window, title and snippet.
        val infoWindow = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_info_contents,
            findViewById<FrameLayout>(R.id.map), false)
        val title = infoWindow.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.title)
        title.text = marker.title
        val snippet = infoWindow.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.snippet)
        snippet.text = marker.snippet
        return infoWindow
    }
})
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

保存地图的状态

保存地图的相机位置和设备位置。当用户旋转 Android 设备或更改配置时，Android 框架将销毁地图 activity 并进行重建。为确保顺畅的用户体验，最好存储相关的应用状态并在需要时恢复它。

本教程提供了保存地图的状态所需的所有代码。如需了解详情，请参阅有关 savedInstanceState 软件包的指南。

  1. 在地图 activity 中，设置用于存储 activity 状态的键值：

    Java

    private static final String KEY_CAMERA_POSITION = "camera_position";
private static final String KEY_LOCATION = "location";
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    private const val KEY_CAMERA_POSITION = "camera_position"
private const val KEY_LOCATION = "location"
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

  2. 实现 onSaveInstanceState() 回调以便在 activity 暂停时保存状态：

    Java

    @Override
protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
    if (map != null) {
        outState.putParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION, map.getCameraPosition());
        outState.putParcelable(KEY_LOCATION, lastKnownLocation);
    }
    super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    override fun onSaveInstanceState(outState: Bundle) {
    map?.let { map ->
        outState.putParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION, map.cameraPosition)
        outState.putParcelable(KEY_LOCATION, lastKnownLocation)
    }
    super.onSaveInstanceState(outState)
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt

  3. 在 activity 的 onCreate() 方法中，检索设备的位置和地图的相机位置（如果之前已保存）：

    Java

    // Retrieve location and camera position from saved instance state.
if (savedInstanceState != null) {
    lastKnownLocation = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_LOCATION);
    cameraPosition = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION);
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.java

    Kotlin

    if (savedInstanceState != null) {
    lastKnownLocation = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_LOCATION)
    cameraPosition = savedInstanceState.getParcelable(KEY_CAMERA_POSITION)
}
    MapsActivityCurrentPlace.kt