Geocoding API v4 是一项服务，可提供地址和地点 ID 的地理编码、反向地理编码以及目的地信息。
地理编码是将地址（例如街道地址）转换为地理坐标（例如纬度和经度）的过程，您可以利用此类坐标在地图上放置标记，或在地图上定位。
反向地理编码是将地理位置坐标转换为直观易懂的地址的过程。
您还可以使用 Geocoding API 查找给定地点 ID 对应的地址。
示例请求和响应
您可以通过 HTTP 接口访问 Geocoding API。以下是地理编码和反向地理编码请求的示例。
地理编码请求和响应（纬度/经度查询）
以下示例请求“1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA”的纬度和经度，并指定输出必须采用 JSON 格式。
curl -H "X-Goog-Api-Key: YOUR_API_KEY" \ "https://geocode.googleapis.com/v4beta/geocode/address/1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA"
您可以在网络浏览器中输入相应网址进行测试（请务必将 YOUR_API_KEY 替换为您的实际 API 密钥）。
响应包括地址的纬度和经度。
如需详细了解 构建地理编码请求网址、可用参数和 了解响应，请参阅开发者指南。
下面是一个 JSON 格式的地理编码响应示例：
{ "results": [ { "place": "//places.googleapis.com/places/ChIJ2Z2idB66j4ARI43TG-9RoCQ", "placeId": "ChIJ2Z2idB66j4ARI43TG-9RoCQ", "location": { "latitude": 37.4438238, "longitude": -122.0869895 }, "granularity": "ROOFTOP", "viewport": { "low": { "latitude": 37.4424748197085, "longitude": -122.0883384802915 }, "high": { "latitude": 37.445172780291493, "longitude": -122.08564051970852 } }, "formattedAddress": "1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA", "postalAddress": { "regionCode": "US", "languageCode": "en", "postalCode": "94043-1351", "administrativeArea": "CA", "locality": "Mountain View", "addressLines": [ "1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy" ] }, "addressComponents": [ { "longText": "1600", "shortText": "1600", "types": [ "street_number" ] }, { "longText": "Amphitheatre Parkway", "shortText": "Amphitheatre Pkwy", "types": [ "route" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "Mountain View", "shortText": "Mountain View", "types": [ "locality", "political" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "Santa Clara County", "shortText": "Santa Clara County", "types": [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "California", "shortText": "CA", "types": [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "United States", "shortText": "US", "types": [ "country", "political" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "94043", "shortText": "94043", "types": [ "postal_code" ] }, { "longText": "1351", "shortText": "1351", "types": [ "postal_code_suffix" ] } ], "types": [ "premise", "street_address" ] } ] }
反向地理编码请求和响应（地址查询）
以下示例请求美国纽约布鲁克林区中与给定纬度/经度对应的地址。它指定输出必须采用 JSON 格式。
https://geocode.googleapis.com/v4beta/geocode/location/37.4225508,-122.0846338?key=YOUR_API_KEY您可以通过在网络浏览器中输入相应网址来测试此功能（请务必将“YOUR_API_KEY”替换为您的实际 API 密钥）。 响应包含纬度和经度位置的直观易懂的地址。
如需详细了解 构建反向地理编码请求网址、可用参数和 了解响应，请参阅开发者指南。
下面是一个 JSON 格式的反向地理编码响应示例：
{ "results": [ { "place": "//places.googleapis.com/places/ChIJHRNUiQK6j4ARJ__Hrbt6qsE", "placeId": "ChIJHRNUiQK6j4ARJ__Hrbt6qsE", "location": { "latitude": 37.4225657, "longitude": -122.08465439999999 }, "granularity": "ROOFTOP", "viewport": { "low": { "latitude": 37.421214719708509, "longitude": -122.08603273029148 }, "high": { "latitude": 37.423912680291508, "longitude": -122.0833347697085 } }, "bounds": { "low": { "latitude": 37.4225178, "longitude": -122.08484599999998 }, "high": { "latitude": 37.422609600000008, "longitude": -122.0845215 } }, "formattedAddress": "Google Building 40, 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA", "postalAddress": { "regionCode": "US", "languageCode": "en", "postalCode": "94043", "administrativeArea": "CA", "locality": "Mountain View", "addressLines": [ "Google Building 40", "1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy" ] }, "addressComponents": [ { "longText": "Google Building 40", "shortText": "Google Building 40", "types": [ "premise" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "1600", "shortText": "1600", "types": [ "street_number" ] }, { "longText": "Amphitheatre Parkway", "shortText": "Amphitheatre Pkwy", "types": [ "route" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "Mountain View", "shortText": "Mountain View", "types": [ "locality", "political" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "Santa Clara County", "shortText": "Santa Clara County", "types": [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "California", "shortText": "CA", "types": [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "United States", "shortText": "US", "types": [ "country", "political" ], "languageCode": "en" }, { "longText": "94043", "shortText": "94043", "types": [ "postal_code" ] } ], "types": [ "street_address", "subpremise" ] }, ... Additional results truncated in this example[] ... }
身份验证、配额、价格和政策
身份验证
如需使用 Geocoding API，您必须先启用该 API 并获取适当的身份验证凭据。如需了解详情，请参阅 Google Maps Platform 使用入门。
配额和价格
如需详细了解为 Geocoding API 设置的配额和价格，请查看用量和结算页面。
政策
使用 Geocoding API 时，必须遵守 API 政策。