查询自动补全服务可用于提供查询预测 搜索基于文本的地理搜索时,它会在您进行搜索时返回 类型。
“查询自动补全”请求
查询自动补全服务是 Places API 会分享 API 密钥和配额以及 Places API。
通过查询自动完成服务,您可以添加动态地理信息 传递给您的应用。您不必搜索特定内容 则用户可以输入分类搜索,例如“附近的烤鸭店” 纽约”然后该服务会返回建议的查询列表 与字符串匹配。由于查询自动补全服务可以同时匹配 字词和子字符串,那么应用可在用户输入内容时发送查询, 以提供实时预测。
查询自动完成请求是一个 HTTP URL,其格式如下:
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/output?parameters
其中 output
可以是 json
或
xml
。
您需要使用某些参数,才能发起查询自动补全请求。
根据网址的标准,所有参数均使用“&”符号分隔
(&
) 个字符。参数列表及其可能的
下面枚举了 值。
Required parameters
input
The text string on which to search. The Place Autocomplete service will return candidate matches based on this string and order results based on their perceived relevance.
Optional parameters
language
The language in which to return results.
- See the list of supported languages. Google often updates the supported languages, so this list may not be exhaustive.
-
If
language
is not supplied, the API attempts to use the preferred language as specified in theAccept-Language
header. - The API does its best to provide a street address that is readable for both the user and locals. To achieve that goal, it returns street addresses in the local language, transliterated to a script readable by the user if necessary, observing the preferred language. All other addresses are returned in the preferred language. Address components are all returned in the same language, which is chosen from the first component.
- If a name is not available in the preferred language, the API uses the closest match.
- The preferred language has a small influence on the set of results that the API chooses to return, and the order in which they are returned. The geocoder interprets abbreviations differently depending on language, such as the abbreviations for street types, or synonyms that may be valid in one language but not in another. For example, utca and tér are synonyms for street in Hungarian.
location
Defines a point, as
latitude,longitude
coordinates, around which to search. The Places service uses the location to bias the search to prefer to show results in the area defined bylocation
andradius
; results outside of the defined area may still be displayed.Thelocation
parameter may be overridden if thequery
contains an explicit location such asMarket in Barcelona
. Using quotes around the query may also influence the weight given to thelocation
andradius
.offset
The position, in the input term, of the last character that the service uses to match predictions. For example, if the input is
Google
and the offset is 3, the service will match onGoo
. The string determined by the offset is matched against the first word in the input term only. For example, if the input term isGoogle abc
and the offset is 3, the service will attempt to match againstGoo abc
. If no offset is supplied, the service will use the whole term. The offset should generally be set to the position of the text caret.radius
Defines the distance (in meters) within which to return place results. You may bias results to a specified circle by passing a
location
and aradius
parameter. Doing so instructs the Places service to prefer showing results within that circle; results outside of the defined area may still be displayed.The radius will automatically be clamped to a maximum value depending on the type of search and other parameters.
- Autocomplete: 50,000 meters
-
Nearby Search:
- with
keyword
orname
: 50,000 meters -
without
keyword
orname
-
Up to 50,000 meters, adjusted dynamically based on area density,
independent of
rankby
parameter. -
When using
rankby=distance
, the radius parameter will not be accepted, and will result in anINVALID_REQUEST
.
-
Up to 50,000 meters, adjusted dynamically based on area density,
independent of
- with
- Query Autocomplete: 50,000 meters
- Text Search: 50,000 meters
查询自动补全示例
网址
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json ?input=pizza%20near%20par &key=YOUR_API_KEY
cURL
curl -L -X GET 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json?input=pizza%20near%20par&key=YOUR_API_KEY'
“Pizza near Par”请求,并以法语显示结果:
网址
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json ?input=pizza%20near%20par &language=fr &key=YOUR_API_KEY
cURL
curl -L -X GET 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json?input=pizza%20near%20par&language=fr&key=YOUR_API_KEY'
请注意,您需要将 API 密钥 使用您自己的密钥。
查询自动补全响应
查询自动完成响应以
output
标志。结果如下:
针对包含以下参数的查询返回的值:
网址
https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json ?input=pizza%20near%20par &key=YOUR_API_KEY
cURL
curl -L -X GET 'https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/queryautocomplete/json?input=pizza%20near%20par&key=YOUR_API_KEY'
JSON
{ "predictions": [ { "description": "pizza near Paris, France", "matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 11 }], "structured_formatting": { "main_text": "pizza", "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }], "secondary_text": "near Paris, France", "secondary_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 3, "offset": 5 }], }, "terms": [ { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" }, { "offset": 6, "value": "near" }, { "offset": 11, "value": "Paris" }, { "offset": 18, "value": "France" }, ], }, { "description": "pizza near Pari Chowk, NRI City, Omega II, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India", "matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 11 }], "structured_formatting": { "main_text": "pizza", "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }], "secondary_text": "near Pari Chowk, NRI City, Omega II, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India", "secondary_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 3, "offset": 5 }], }, "terms": [ { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" }, { "offset": 6, "value": "near" }, { "offset": 11, "value": "Pari Chowk" }, { "offset": 23, "value": "NRI City" }, { "offset": 33, "value": "Omega II" }, { "offset": 43, "value": "Noida" }, { "offset": 50, "value": "Uttar Pradesh" }, { "offset": 65, "value": "India" }, ], }, { "description": "pizza near Disneyland Park, Disneyland Drive, Anaheim, CA, USA", "matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 22 }], "structured_formatting": { "main_text": "pizza", "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }], "secondary_text": "near Disneyland Park, Disneyland Drive, Anaheim, CA, USA", "secondary_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 3, "offset": 16 }], }, "terms": [ { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" }, { "offset": 6, "value": "near" }, { "offset": 11, "value": "Disneyland Park" }, { "offset": 28, "value": "Disneyland Drive" }, { "offset": 46, "value": "Anaheim" }, { "offset": 55, "value": "CA" }, { "offset": 59, "value": "USA" }, ], }, { "description": "pizza near Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris, Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II, Paris, France", "matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 36 }], "structured_formatting": { "main_text": "pizza", "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }], "secondary_text": "near Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris, Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II, Paris, France", "secondary_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 3, "offset": 30 }], }, "terms": [ { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" }, { "offset": 6, "value": "near" }, { "offset": 11, "value": "Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris" }, { "offset": 43, "value": "Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II" }, { "offset": 83, "value": "Paris" }, { "offset": 90, "value": "France" }, ], }, { "description": "pizza near Paris Beauvais Airport, Route de l'Aéroport, Tillé, France", "matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }, { "length": 3, "offset": 11 }], "structured_formatting": { "main_text": "pizza", "main_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 5, "offset": 0 }], "secondary_text": "near Paris Beauvais Airport, Route de l'Aéroport, Tillé, France", "secondary_text_matched_substrings": [{ "length": 3, "offset": 5 }], }, "terms": [ { "offset": 0, "value": "pizza" }, { "offset": 6, "value": "near" }, { "offset": 11, "value": "Paris Beauvais Airport" }, { "offset": 35, "value": "Route de l'Aéroport" }, { "offset": 56, "value": "Tillé" }, { "offset": 63, "value": "France" }, ], }, ], "status": "OK", }
XML
<AutocompletionResponse> <status>OK</status> <prediction> <description>pizza near Paris, France</description> <term> <value>pizza</value> <offset>0</offset> </term> <term> <value>near</value> <offset>6</offset> </term> <term> <value>Paris</value> <offset>11</offset> </term> <term> <value>France</value> <offset>18</offset> </term> <matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </matched_substring> <matched_substring> <offset>11</offset> <length>3</length> </matched_substring> <structured_formatting> <description>pizza</description> <subdescription>near Paris, France</subdescription> <description_matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </description_matched_substring> <subdescription_matched_substring> <offset>5</offset> <length>3</length> </subdescription_matched_substring> </structured_formatting> </prediction> <prediction> <description>pizza near Pari Chowk, NRI City, Omega II, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India</description> <term> <value>pizza</value> <offset>0</offset> </term> <term> <value>near</value> <offset>6</offset> </term> <term> <value>Pari Chowk</value> <offset>11</offset> </term> <term> <value>NRI City</value> <offset>23</offset> </term> <term> <value>Omega II</value> <offset>33</offset> </term> <term> <value>Noida</value> <offset>43</offset> </term> <term> <value>Uttar Pradesh</value> <offset>50</offset> </term> <term> <value>India</value> <offset>65</offset> </term> <matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </matched_substring> <matched_substring> <offset>11</offset> <length>3</length> </matched_substring> <structured_formatting> <description>pizza</description> <subdescription>near Pari Chowk, NRI City, Omega II, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India</subdescription> <description_matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </description_matched_substring> <subdescription_matched_substring> <offset>5</offset> <length>3</length> </subdescription_matched_substring> </structured_formatting> </prediction> <prediction> <description>pizza near Disneyland Park, Disneyland Drive, Anaheim, CA, USA</description> <term> <value>pizza</value> <offset>0</offset> </term> <term> <value>near</value> <offset>6</offset> </term> <term> <value>Disneyland Park</value> <offset>11</offset> </term> <term> <value>Disneyland Drive</value> <offset>28</offset> </term> <term> <value>Anaheim</value> <offset>46</offset> </term> <term> <value>CA</value> <offset>55</offset> </term> <term> <value>USA</value> <offset>59</offset> </term> <matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </matched_substring> <matched_substring> <offset>22</offset> <length>3</length> </matched_substring> <structured_formatting> <description>pizza</description> <subdescription>near Disneyland Park, Disneyland Drive, Anaheim, CA, USA</subdescription> <description_matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </description_matched_substring> <subdescription_matched_substring> <offset>16</offset> <length>3</length> </subdescription_matched_substring> </structured_formatting> </prediction> <prediction> <description>pizza near Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris, Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II, Paris, France</description> <term> <value>pizza</value> <offset>0</offset> </term> <term> <value>near</value> <offset>6</offset> </term> <term> <value>Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris</value> <offset>11</offset> </term> <term> <value>Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II</value> <offset>43</offset> </term> <term> <value>Paris</value> <offset>83</offset> </term> <term> <value>France</value> <offset>90</offset> </term> <matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </matched_substring> <matched_substring> <offset>36</offset> <length>3</length> </matched_substring> <structured_formatting> <description>pizza</description> <subdescription>near Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris, Parvis Notre-Dame - place Jean-Paul-II, Paris, France</subdescription> <description_matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </description_matched_substring> <subdescription_matched_substring> <offset>30</offset> <length>3</length> </subdescription_matched_substring> </structured_formatting> </prediction> <prediction> <description>pizza near Paris Beauvais Airport, Route de l'Aéroport, Tillé, France</description> <term> <value>pizza</value> <offset>0</offset> </term> <term> <value>near</value> <offset>6</offset> </term> <term> <value>Paris Beauvais Airport</value> <offset>11</offset> </term> <term> <value>Route de l'Aéroport</value> <offset>35</offset> </term> <term> <value>Tillé</value> <offset>56</offset> </term> <term> <value>France</value> <offset>63</offset> </term> <matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </matched_substring> <matched_substring> <offset>11</offset> <length>3</length> </matched_substring> <structured_formatting> <description>pizza</description> <subdescription>near Paris Beauvais Airport, Route de l'Aéroport, Tillé, France</subdescription> <description_matched_substring> <offset>0</offset> <length>5</length> </description_matched_substring> <subdescription_matched_substring> <offset>5</offset> <length>3</length> </subdescription_matched_substring> </structured_formatting> </prediction> </AutocompletionResponse>
当地点服务返回搜索所获得的 JSON 结果时,会将这些结果放置
放在 predictions
数组中。即使服务返回
没有结果(例如,如果 location
是远程执行的)
仍然会返回一个空的 predictions
数组。XML 响应包含
零个或零个以上的 <prediction>
元素。
PlacesQueryAutocompleteResponse
Field | Required | Type | Description |
---|---|---|---|
| required | Array<PlaceAutocompletePrediction> | Contains an array of predictions. See PlaceAutocompletePrediction for more information. |
| required | PlacesAutocompleteStatus | Contains the status of the request, and may contain debugging information to help you track down why the request failed. See PlacesAutocompleteStatus for more information. |
| optional | string |
When the service returns a status code other than |
| optional | Array<string> |
When the service returns additional information about the request
specification, there may be an additional
|
PlacesAutocompleteStatus
Status codes returned by service.
OK
indicating the API request was successful.ZERO_RESULTS
indicating that the search was successful but returned no results. This may occur if the search was passed a bounds in a remote location.INVALID_REQUEST
indicating the API request was malformed, generally due to the missinginput
parameter.OVER_QUERY_LIMIT
indicating any of the following:- You have exceeded the QPS limits.
- Billing has not been enabled on your account.
- The monthly $200 credit, or a self-imposed usage cap, has been exceeded.
- The provided method of payment is no longer valid (for example, a credit card has expired).
REQUEST_DENIED
indicating that your request was denied, generally because:- The request is missing an API key.
- The
key
parameter is invalid.
UNKNOWN_ERROR
indicating an unknown error.
PlaceAutocompletePrediction
Field | Required | Type | Description |
---|---|---|---|
| required | string |
Contains the human-readable name for the returned result. For
|
| required | Array<PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring> | A list of substrings that describe the location of the entered term in the prediction result text, so that the term can be highlighted if desired. See PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring for more information. |
| required | PlaceAutocompleteStructuredFormat | Provides pre-formatted text that can be shown in your autocomplete results. This content is meant to be read as-is. Do not programmatically parse the formatted address. See PlaceAutocompleteStructuredFormat for more information. |
| required | Array<PlaceAutocompleteTerm> |
Contains an array of terms identifying each section of the returned
description (a section of the description is generally terminated
with a comma). Each entry in the array has a
See PlaceAutocompleteTerm for more information. |
| optional | integer |
The straight-line distance in meters from the origin. This field is
only returned for requests made with an |
| optional | string | A textual identifier that uniquely identifies a place. To retrieve information about the place, pass this identifier in the placeId field of a Places API request. For more information about place IDs, see the Place IDs overview. |
| optional | string | See place_id. |
| optional | Array<string> |
Contains an array of types that apply to this place. For example:
|
PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring
Field | Required | Type | Description |
---|---|---|---|
| required | number | Length of the matched substring in the prediction result text. |
| required | number | Start location of the matched substring in the prediction result text. |
PlaceAutocompleteStructuredFormat
Field | Required | Type | Description |
---|---|---|---|
| required | string | Contains the main text of a prediction, usually the name of the place. |
| required | Array<PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring> |
Contains an array with See PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring for more information. |
| optional | string | Contains the secondary text of a prediction, usually the location of the place. |
| optional | Array<PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring> |
Contains an array with See PlaceAutocompleteMatchedSubstring for more information. |
PlaceAutocompleteTerm
Field | Required | Type | Description |
---|---|---|---|
| required | number | Defines the start position of this term in the description, measured in Unicode characters |
| required | string | The text of the term. |