This page describes how to animate modifications made to a chart, instead of applying them instantly.
Contents
Overview
Google charts can animate smoothly in one of two ways, either on startup when you first draw the chart, or when you redraw a chart after making a change in data or options.
To animate on startup:
- Set your chart data and options. Be sure to set an animation duration and easing type.
-
Set
animation: {"startup": true}— setting this in your options will cause your chart to start with series values drawn at the baseline, and animate out to their final state. - Call
chart.draw(), passing in your data and options.
To animate a transition:
- Start with an already rendered chart.
- Modify the data table or options. Different chart types support different modifications; see Supported Modifications to learn what modifications are supported for what chart types.
- Specify the transition behavior using the animation option.
- Call
chart.draw()on your chart to transition to the new values.
Here is a simple example which changes the single value presented in a bar chart upon each click on a button:
function init() {
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
animation:{
duration: 1000,
easing: 'out',
},
vAxis: {minValue:0, maxValue:1000}
};
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('string', 'N');
data.addColumn('number', 'Value');
data.addRow(['V', 200]);
var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart(
document.getElementById('visualization'));
var button = document.getElementById('b1');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the button while the chart is drawing.
button.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
button.disabled = false;
});
chart.draw(data, options);
}
button.onclick = function() {
var newValue = 1000 - data.getValue(0, 1);
data.setValue(0, 1, newValue);
drawChart();
}
drawChart();
}
Supported Modifications
Support for different types of transitions differs from one chart to another. The different types of transitions are:
- Changes to data table values only. The number of rows and columns is the same, and the columns maintain their original types and roles.
- Addition or removal of columns (series).
- Addition or removal of rows (categories).
-
Changes to chart options. Currently, options that will animate on change include:
-
the view window (
vAxis.viewWindow.min,vAxis.viewWindow.max,hAxis.viewWindow.min,hAxis.viewWindow.max) — Changing the view window is useful for achieving "zoom" and continuous "drift" effects (see examples below) -
vAxis.ticksandhAxis.ticksvalues vAxis.gridlines.countandhAxis.gridlines.countvAxis.directionandhAxis.directionvAxis.baselineandhAxis.baselinevAxis.logScaleandhAxis.logScale- chart size (
heightandwidth) -
chart area (
chartArea.height,chartArea.width,chartArea.top,chartArea.left)
-
the view window (
| Modification Type | Valid Chart Types |
|---|---|
| Value changes | ScatterChart, LineChart, AreaChart, BarChart, BubbleChart, ColumnChart, CandlestickChart, SteppedAreaChart, ComboChart, Gauge |
| Adding/removing rows | ScatterChart, LineChart, AreaChart, BubbleChart, ComboChart (with line/area series only) |
| Adding/removing columns | ScatterChart, LineChart, AreaChart, BarChart, BubbleChart, ColumnChart, CandlestickChart, SteppedAreaChart, ComboChart |
| Modifying chart options | ScatterChart, LineChart, AreaChart, BarChart, BubbleChart, ColumnChart, CandlestickChart, SteppedAreaChart, ComboChart |
Transition behavior
| Name | |
|---|---|
| animation.duration |
The duration of the animation, in milliseconds. For details, see the animation documentation. Type: number
Default: 0
|
| animation.easing |
The easing function applied to the animation. The following options are available:
Type: string
Default: 'linear'
|
| animation.startup |
Determines if the chart will animate on the initial draw. If Type: boolean
Default false
|
Events
When drawing a chart, a 'ready' event is fired once the chart is ready for external method calls.
The chart will fire the animationfinish event when the transition is complete.
| Name | |
|---|---|
animationfinish |
Fired when transition animation is complete. Properties: none
|
Examples
Value changes
// Some raw data (not necessarily accurate)
var rowData1 = [['Month', 'Bolivia', 'Ecuador', 'Madagascar', 'Papua Guinea',
'Rwanda', 'Average'],
['2004/05', 165, 938, 522, 998, 450, 114.6],
['2005/06', 135, 1120, 599, 1268, 288, 382],
['2006/07', 157, 1167, 587, 807, 397, 623],
['2007/08', 139, 1110, 615, 968, 215, 409.4],
['2008/09', 136, 691, 629, 1026, 366, 569.6]];
var rowData2 = [['Month', 'Bolivia', 'Ecuador', 'Madagascar', 'Papua Guinea',
'Rwanda', 'Average'],
['2004/05', 122, 638, 722, 998, 450, 614.6],
['2005/06', 100, 1120, 899, 1268, 288, 682],
['2006/07', 183, 167, 487, 207, 397, 623],
['2007/08', 200, 510, 315, 1068, 215, 609.4],
['2008/09', 123, 491, 829, 826, 366, 569.6]];
// Create and populate the data tables.
var data = [];
data[0] = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable(rowData1);
data[1] = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable(rowData2);
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
vAxis: {title: "Cups"},
hAxis: {title: "Month"},
seriesType: "bars",
series: {5: {type: "line"}},
animation:{
duration: 1000,
easing: 'out'
},
};
var current = 0;
// Create and draw the visualization.
var chart = new google.visualization.ComboChart(document.getElementById('visualization'));
var button = document.getElementById('b1');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the button while the chart is drawing.
button.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
button.disabled = false;
button.value = 'Switch to ' + (current ? 'Tea' : 'Coffee');
});
options['title'] = 'Monthly ' + (current ? 'Coffee' : 'Tea') + ' Production by Country';
chart.draw(data[current], options);
}
drawChart();
button.onclick = function() {
current = 1 - current;
drawChart();
}
Adding and removing rows
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
vAxis: {minValue:0, maxValue:100},
animation: {
duration: 1000,
easing: 'in'
}
};
var chart = new google.visualization.LineChart(
document.getElementById('visualization'));
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('string', 'x');
data.addColumn('number', 'y');
data.addRow(['100', 123]);
data.addRow(['700', 17]);
var button = document.getElementById('b1');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the button while the chart is drawing.
button.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
button.disabled = false;
});
chart.draw(data, options);
}
button.onclick = function() {
if (data.getNumberOfRows() > 5) {
data.removeRow(Math.floor(Math.random() * data.getNumberOfRows()));
}
// Generating a random x, y pair and inserting it so rows are sorted.
var x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000);
var y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100);
var where = 0;
while (where < data.getNumberOfRows() && parseInt(data.getValue(where, 0)) < x) {
where++;
}
data.insertRows(where, [[x.toString(), y]]);
drawChart();
}
drawChart();
Adding and removing columns
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
vAxis: {minValue:0, maxValue:1000},
animation: {
duration: 1000,
easing: 'out'
}
};
var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart(
document.getElementById('visualization'));
var chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXTZabcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('string', 'x');
data.addColumn('number', 'A');
data.addColumn('number', 'B');
data.addRow(['A', 123, 40]);
data.addRow(['B', 17, 20]);
var addButton = document.getElementById('b1');
var removeButton = document.getElementById('b2');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the buttons while the chart is drawing.
addButton.disabled = true;
removeButton.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
// Enabling only relevant buttons.
addButton.disabled = (data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1) >= chars.length;
removeButton.disabled = (data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1) < 2;
});
chart.draw(data, options);
}
function shuffleAndDrawChart() {
for (var i = 0; i < data.getNumberOfRows(); ++i) {
for (var j = 1; j < data.getNumberOfColumns(); ++j) {
var num = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000);
data.setValue(i, j, num);
}
}
drawChart();
}
addButton.onclick = function() {
data.addColumn('number', chars[data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1]);
shuffleAndDrawChart();
}
removeButton.onclick = function() {
data.removeColumn(data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1);
shuffleAndDrawChart();
}
drawChart();
Changing the view window
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
animation: {
duration: 1000,
easing: 'in'
},
hAxis: {viewWindow: {min:0, max:5}}
};
var chart = new google.visualization.SteppedAreaChart(
document.getElementById('visualization'));
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('string', 'x');
data.addColumn('number', 'y');
var MAX = 10;
for (var i = 0; i < MAX; ++i) {
data.addRow([i.toString(), Math.floor(Math.random() * 100)]);
}
var prevButton = document.getElementById('b1');
var nextButton = document.getElementById('b2');
var changeZoomButton = document.getElementById('b3');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the button while the chart is drawing.
prevButton.disabled = true;
nextButton.disabled = true;
changeZoomButton.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
prevButton.disabled = options.hAxis.viewWindow.min <= 0;
nextButton.disabled = options.hAxis.viewWindow.max >= MAX;
changeZoomButton.disabled = false;
});
chart.draw(data, options);
}
prevButton.onclick = function() {
options.hAxis.viewWindow.min -= 1;
options.hAxis.viewWindow.max -= 1;
drawChart();
}
nextButton.onclick = function() {
options.hAxis.viewWindow.min += 1;
options.hAxis.viewWindow.max += 1;
drawChart();
}
var zoomed = false;
changeZoomButton.onclick = function() {
if (zoomed) {
options.hAxis.viewWindow.min = 0;
options.hAxis.viewWindow.max = 5;
} else {
options.hAxis.viewWindow.min = 0;
options.hAxis.viewWindow.max = MAX;
}
zoomed = !zoomed;
drawChart();
}
drawChart();
Changing the chart size
google.charts.load('current', {'packages':['corechart']});
google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(drawChart);
function drawChart () {
function genData () {
var array = [];
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
var x = i,
y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 50),
z = Math.floor(Math.random() * 25);
array.push([x, y, z]);
}
return array;
}
function doubleIt() {
options.chartArea.height = '100%';
options.chartArea.width = '100%';
}
function halveIt() {
options.chartArea.height = '50%';
options.chartArea.width = '50%';
}
function goTo50() {
options.chartArea.left = '50%';
options.chartArea.top = '50%';
}
function goTo10() {
options.chartArea.left = '10%';
options.chartArea.top = '10%';
}
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('number', 'X');
data.addColumn('number', 'Y');
data.addColumn('number', 'Z');
data.addRows(genData());
var options = {
height: 500,
chartArea: {
height: '50%',
width: '50%',
top: '10%',
left: '10%'
},
colors: ['#ee8100', '#9575cd'],
animation: {
duration: 1500,
easing: 'linear',
startup: true
},
vAxis: {
ticks: [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60],
gridlines: {color: '#ccc'}
},
hAxis: {
ticks: [0, 4, 8, 12],
gridlines: {color: '#ccc'}
},
legend: {position: 'none'},
enableInteractivity: false
};
var chart = new google.visualization.LineChart(document.getElementById('chart_div'));
chart.draw(data, options);
var btns = document.querySelector('#btns');
btns.onclick = function (e) {
switch(e.target.id) {
case "size":
options.chartArea.height === '50%' ? doubleIt() : halveIt();
break;
case "slide":
options.chartArea.left === '10%' ? goTo50() : goTo10();
}
chart.draw(data, options);
}
}