Destination
是指使用者打算前往或導航至的重要景點或特定地點。Destination 可能包含導覽點、地標、入口和建築物輪廓等資訊。
您可以使用 Geocoding API 的 SearchDestinations 端點，根據不同輸入條件 (例如地址、地點 ID 或經緯度座標)，擷取各種目的地的詳細資訊。
搜尋目的地要求
搜尋目的地要求是向以下格式的網址發出的 HTTP POST 要求：
https://geocode.googleapis.com/v4alpha/geocode/destinations
在 POST 要求中，將所有參數傳遞至 JSON 要求內文或標頭。例如：
curl -X POST -d '{
"place": "places/ChIJY8sv5-i2j4AR_S6BlDDR42w"
}' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -H "X-Goog-Api-Key: API_KEY" \
-H "X-Goog-FieldMask: *" \
https://geocode.googleapis.com/v4alpha/geocode/destinations
你可以透過下列 3 種方式指定目的地搜尋位置：
- 地址
- 地點 ID
- 經緯度座標
依地址搜尋目的地
您可以將地址指定為非結構化字串：
curl -X POST -d '{
"addressQuery": {
"addressQuery": "601 S Bernardo Ave, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA"
}
}' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -H "X-Goog-Api-Key: API_KEY" \
-H "X-Goog-FieldMask: *" \
https://geocode.googleapis.com/v4alpha/geocode/destinations
或以 postalAddress 形式：
curl -X POST -d '{
"addressQuery": {
"address": {
"addressLines": ["601 S Bernardo Ave"],
"locality": "Sunnyvale",
"postalCode": "94087",
"administrativeArea": "CA",
"regionCode": "US"
}
}
}' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -H "X-Goog-Api-Key: API_KEY" \
-H "X-Goog-FieldMask: *" \
https://geocode.googleapis.com/v4alpha/geocode/destinations
處理 HTML 表單中擷取的地址元件時，通常會使用 postalAddress 格式。
依地點 ID 搜尋目的地
您可以提供地點 ID 來擷取目的地：
curl -X POST -d '{
"place": "places/ChIJY8sv5-i2j4AR_S6BlDDR42w"
}' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -H "X-Goog-Api-Key: API_KEY" \
-H "X-Goog-FieldMask: *" \
https://geocode.googleapis.com/v4alpha/geocode/destinations
依地點搜尋目的地
你可以提供經緯度座標來搜尋目的地：
curl -X POST -d '{
"locationQuery": {
"location": {
"latitude": 37.37348780,
"longitude": -122.05678064
}
}
}' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -H "X-Goog-Api-Key: API_KEY" \
-H "X-Goog-FieldMask: *" \
https://geocode.googleapis.com/v4alpha/geocode/destinations
使用 OAuth 提出要求
Geocoding API 第 4 版支援 OAuth 2.0 驗證。如要搭配 Geocoding API 使用 OAuth，OAuth 權杖必須指派正確的範圍。Geocoding API 支援下列範圍，可搭配 Destinations 端點使用：
https://www.googleapis.com/auth/maps-platform.geocode— 適用於所有 Geocoding API 端點。
此外，您也可以為所有 Geocoding API 端點使用一般 https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform 範圍。這個範圍在開發期間很有用，但不適用於正式版，因為這是允許存取所有端點的一般範圍。
如需更多資訊和範例，請參閱「使用 OAuth」。
搜尋目的地回應
SearchDestinations 會傳回 SearchDestinationsResponse。完整的 JSON 物件格式如下：
{ "destinations": [ { "primary": { "place": "places/ChIJY8sv5-i2j4AR_S6BlDDR42w", "displayName": { "text": "Arby's", "languageCode": "en" }, "primaryType": "fast_food_restaurant", "types": [ "fast_food_restaurant", "sandwich_shop", "deli", "american_restaurant", "meal_takeaway", "restaurant", "food_store", "food", "point_of_interest", "store", "establishment" ], "formattedAddress": "Arby's, 601 S Bernardo Ave, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA", "postalAddress": { "regionCode": "US", "languageCode": "en", "postalCode": "94087", "administrativeArea": "CA", "locality": "Sunnyvale", "addressLines": [ "601 S Bernardo Ave" ] }, "structureType": "BUILDING", "location": { "latitude": 37.3734545, "longitude": -122.05693269999998 }, "displayPolygon": { "type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [ [ [ -122.056930138027, 37.3735253692531 ], [ -122.056960139391, 37.3735372663597 ], [ -122.056994129366, 37.3734828786847 ], [ -122.056969677395, 37.3734731161089 ], [ -122.057061762447, 37.3733261309656 ], [ -122.056979388817, 37.3732935577128 ], [ -122.056798860285, 37.3735818838642 ], [ -122.056875858081, 37.3736121235316 ], [ -122.056930138027, 37.3735253692531 ] ] ] } }, "containingPlaces": [ { "place": "places/ChIJYfdAFum2j4ARIcL2tjME3Sw", "displayName": { "text": "Cherry Chase Shopping Center", "languageCode": "en" }, "primaryType": "shopping_mall", "types": [ "shopping_mall", "point_of_interest", "establishment" ], "formattedAddress": "Cherry Chase Shopping Center, 663 S Bernardo Ave, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA", "postalAddress": { "regionCode": "US", "languageCode": "en", "postalCode": "94087-1020", "administrativeArea": "CA", "locality": "Sunnyvale", "addressLines": [ "663 S Bernardo Ave" ] }, "structureType": "GROUNDS", "location": { "latitude": 37.3731231, "longitude": -122.0578211 }, "displayPolygon": { "type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [ [ [ -122.057112227103, 37.3714618008523 ], [ -122.057076849821, 37.3715743611411 ], [ -122.056963607756, 37.3719081793948 ], [ -122.056865279559, 37.3722026053835 ], [ -122.056687872374, 37.3727258358476 ], [ -122.056580005889, 37.3730511370747 ], [ -122.056498845827, 37.3732994782583 ], [ -122.056338259713, 37.3737878663325 ], [ -122.056618678291, 37.373887693582 ], [ -122.056912102521, 37.3740010327191 ], [ -122.057532418159, 37.3742476426462 ], [ -122.057673926626, 37.3742441740031 ], [ -122.057735663106, 37.3742328516943 ], [ -122.057766531332, 37.3742220604378 ], [ -122.057797572967, 37.37420520725 ], [ -122.057828267759, 37.3741852342085 ], [ -122.058060299297, 37.3740060842535 ], [ -122.058199726081, 37.3737861673422 ], [ -122.05836707267, 37.373524542556 ], [ -122.058569622393, 37.3732018598683 ], [ -122.0587638478, 37.3728890198039 ], [ -122.058934661823, 37.3726036257774 ], [ -122.059164956851, 37.3722498383629 ], [ -122.058997784906, 37.3721804442035 ], [ -122.057936479838, 37.3717605636234 ], [ -122.057495827092, 37.3715860151634 ], [ -122.057112227103, 37.3714618008523 ] ] ] } } ], "landmarks": [ { "place": { "place": "places/ChIJteQ0Fum2j4ARGi3tqK4Zm14", "displayName": { "text": "Safeway", "languageCode": "en" }, "primaryType": "grocery_store", "types": [ "grocery_store", "florist", "butcher_shop", "deli", "bakery", "food_delivery", "supermarket", "market", "food_store", "food", "point_of_interest", "store", "establishment" ], "formattedAddress": "Safeway, 639 S Bernardo Ave, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA", "postalAddress": { "regionCode": "US", "languageCode": "en", "postalCode": "94087", "administrativeArea": "CA", "locality": "Sunnyvale", "addressLines": [ "639 S Bernardo Ave" ] }, "structureType": "POINT", "location": { "latitude": 37.3727912, "longitude": -122.0581172 } }, "tags": [ "ARRIVAL", "ADDRESS" ] }, { "place": { "place": "places/ChIJ8enMlui2j4AR2xXK5EHDhBs", "displayName": { "text": "Starbird Chicken", "languageCode": "en" }, "types": [ "fast_food_restaurant", "restaurant", "food", "point_of_interest", "establishment" ], "formattedAddress": "Starbird Chicken, 1241 W El Camino Real, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA", "postalAddress": { "regionCode": "US", "languageCode": "en", "postalCode": "94087-1028", "administrativeArea": "CA", "locality": "Sunnyvale", "addressLines": [ "1241 W El Camino Real" ] }, "structureType": "BUILDING", "location": { "latitude": 37.3746764, "longitude": -122.05708860000001 }, "displayPolygon": { "type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [ [ [ -122.057003840785, 37.3747648209809 ], [ -122.057136852459, 37.3747919153144 ], [ -122.057205005705, 37.3745815131859 ], [ -122.057071994114, 37.3745544186944 ], [ -122.057003840785, 37.3747648209809 ] ] ] } }, "tags": [ "ARRIVAL", "ADDRESS" ] }, { "place": { "place": "places/ChIJXXTe7Oi2j4ARoMTA-D6Hjpg", "displayName": { "text": "Chase Bank", "languageCode": "en" }, "primaryType": "bank", "types": [ "bank", "atm", "finance", "point_of_interest", "establishment" ], "formattedAddress": "Chase Bank, 1234 W El Camino Real, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA", "postalAddress": { "regionCode": "US", "languageCode": "en", "postalCode": "94087", "administrativeArea": "CA", "locality": "Sunnyvale", "addressLines": [ "1234 W El Camino Real" ] }, "structureType": "POINT", "location": { "latitude": 37.373579, "longitude": -122.05752700000001 } }, "tags": [ "ARRIVAL", "ADDRESS" ] }, { "place": { "place": "places/ChIJlbIO1Oi2j4ARp17Uf24xkHk", "displayName": { "text": "Madras Café", "languageCode": "en" }, "primaryType": "indian_restaurant", "types": [ "indian_restaurant", "coffee_shop", "cafe", "restaurant", "food_store", "food", "point_of_interest", "store", "establishment" ], "formattedAddress": "Madras Café, 1177 W El Camino Real, Sunnyvale, CA 94087, USA", "postalAddress": { "regionCode": "US", "languageCode": "en", "postalCode": "94087-1026", "administrativeArea": "CA", "locality": "Sunnyvale", "addressLines": [ "1177 W El Camino Real" ] }, "structureType": "POINT", "location": { "latitude": 37.3743, "longitude": -122.0549333 } }, "tags": [ "ARRIVAL", "ADDRESS" ] } ], "entrances": [ { "location": { "latitude": 37.373531299999996, "longitude": -122.05694519999999 }, "tags": [ "PREFERRED" ], "place": "places/ChIJY8sv5-i2j4AR_S6BlDDR42w" } ], "navigationPoints": [ { "location": { "latitude": 37.3738659, "longitude": -122.05693620000001 }, "travelModes": [ "DRIVE", "WALK" ], "usages": [ "UNKNOWN" ] } ] } ] }
必要參數
- API 要求中必須包含下列 3 個參數之一，指定要搜尋目的地的地址、地點或位置：
addressQuery：要搜尋的地址。place：要搜尋的地點 ID。locationQuery：要搜尋的地點的經緯度座標。
FieldMask
建立回應欄位遮罩，指定要在回應中傳回的欄位清單。使用網址參數
$fields或fields，或使用 HTTP 標頭X-Goog-FieldMask，將回應欄位遮罩傳遞至方法。舉例來說，下列要求只會傳回主要目的地的入口、導航點和地點 ID。curl -X POST -d '{"place": "places/ChIJG3kh4hq6j4AR_XuFQnV0_t8"}' \ -H "X-Goog-Api-Key: API_KEY" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -H "X-Goog-FieldMask: destinations.entrances,destinations.navigationPoints,destinations.primary.place" \ https://geocode.googleapis.com/v4alpha/geocode/destinations回應中沒有預設的傳回欄位清單。如果省略欄位遮罩，這個方法會傳回錯誤。將欄位遮罩設為
*，即可傳回所有欄位。詳情請參閱「選擇要傳回的欄位」。
選用參數
-
travelModes
指定要傳回的
navigationPoints類型。 系統會篩除其他交通方式的導航點。如果未設定travelModes，系統可能會傳回所有交通方式的導航點。 languageCode
傳回結果時使用的語言。
- 請參閱支援語言清單。Google 會經常更新支援的語言，因此這份清單可能不完整。
-
如未提供
languageCode，API 會預設為en。如果指定無效的語言代碼，API 會傳回INVALID_ARGUMENT錯誤。 - API 會盡量提供使用者和當地人都能辨識的街道地址。為達成這個目標，系統會以當地語言傳回街道地址，並視需要根據偏好語言，將地址音譯為使用者可讀取的文字。所有其他地址都會以偏好語言顯示。地址元件一律會以同一種語言傳回，而該語言是從第一個元件中選擇。
- 如果偏好語言沒有名稱，API 會使用最接近的名稱。
- 偏好語言對 API 選擇傳回的結果集和傳回順序影響不大。地理編碼器會根據語言以不同方式解讀縮寫，例如街道類型縮寫，或在某種語言中有效但在另一種語言中無效的同義字。
regionCode
地區代碼，以 雙字元 CLDR 代碼值表示。沒有預設值。大多數 CLDR 代碼與 ISO 3166-1 代碼相同。
對地址進行地理編碼 (正向地理編碼) 時，這個參數會影響服務傳回的結果，但不會完全限制結果只來自指定區域。進行地點或地點地理編碼時 (反向地理編碼或地點地理編碼)，這個參數可用來設定地址格式。在所有情況下，這個參數都可能根據適用法律影響結果。
意見回饋
這是 Geocoding API 的實驗性端點。歡迎傳送電子郵件至 geocoding-feedback-channel@google.com 提供意見。