添加自定样式的地图

请选择平台: Android iOS JavaScript

本页面介绍了如何设置地图样式,并以夜间模式为例。

借助样式选项,您可以自定义标准 Google 地图样式的呈现方式,更改道路、公园、商家和其他地图注点等地图项的视觉显示效果。也就是说,您可以突出地图的特定组件,或让地图与应用的样式协调一致。

样式仅适用于 kGMSTypeNormal 地图类型。

向地图应用样式

如需将自定义地图样式应用于地图,请调用 GMSMapStyle(...) 以创建 GMSMapStyle 实例,并传入本地 JSON 文件的网址或包含样式定义的 JSON 字符串。将 GMSMapStyle 实例分配给地图的 mapStyle 属性。

使用 JSON 文件

以下示例展示了如何调用 GMSMapStyle(...) 并传递本地文件的网址:

import GoogleMaps

class MapStyling: UIViewController {

  // Set the status bar style to complement night-mode.
  override var preferredStatusBarStyle: UIStatusBarStyle {
    return .lightContent
  }

  override func loadView() {
    let camera = GMSCameraPosition.camera(withLatitude: -33.86, longitude: 151.20, zoom: 14.0)
    let mapView = GMSMapView.map(withFrame: CGRect.zero, camera: camera)

    do {
      // Set the map style by passing the URL of the local file.
      if let styleURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "style", withExtension: "json") {
        mapView.mapStyle = try GMSMapStyle(contentsOfFileURL: styleURL)
      } else {
        NSLog("Unable to find style.json")
      }
    } catch {
      NSLog("One or more of the map styles failed to load. \(error)")
    }

    self.view = mapView
  }
}
      
#import "MapStyling.h"
@import GoogleMaps;

@interface MapStyling ()

@end

@implementation MapStyling

// Set the status bar style to complement night-mode.
- (UIStatusBarStyle)preferredStatusBarStyle {
  return UIStatusBarStyleLightContent;
}

- (void)loadView {
  GMSCameraPosition *camera = [GMSCameraPosition cameraWithLatitude:-33.86
                                                          longitude:151.20
                                                               zoom:12];
  GMSMapView *mapView = [GMSMapView mapWithFrame:CGRectZero camera:camera];
  mapView.myLocationEnabled = YES;

  NSBundle *mainBundle = [NSBundle mainBundle];
  NSURL *styleUrl = [mainBundle URLForResource:@"style" withExtension:@"json"];
  NSError *error;

  // Set the map style by passing the URL for style.json.
  GMSMapStyle *style = [GMSMapStyle styleWithContentsOfFileURL:styleUrl error:&error];

  if (!style) {
    NSLog(@"The style definition could not be loaded: %@", error);
  }

  mapView.mapStyle = style;
  self.view = mapView;
}

@end
      

如需定义样式选项,请在项目中添加一个名为 style.json 的新文件,然后将以下 JSON 样式声明粘贴到该文件中,以便实现夜间模式样式:

[
  {
    "featureType": "all",
    "elementType": "geometry",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#242f3e"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "all",
    "elementType": "labels.text.stroke",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "lightness": -80
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "administrative",
    "elementType": "labels.text.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#746855"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "administrative.locality",
    "elementType": "labels.text.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#d59563"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "poi",
    "elementType": "labels.text.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#d59563"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "poi.park",
    "elementType": "geometry",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#263c3f"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "poi.park",
    "elementType": "labels.text.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#6b9a76"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "road",
    "elementType": "geometry.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#2b3544"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "road",
    "elementType": "labels.text.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#9ca5b3"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "road.arterial",
    "elementType": "geometry.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#38414e"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "road.arterial",
    "elementType": "geometry.stroke",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#212a37"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "road.highway",
    "elementType": "geometry.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#746855"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "road.highway",
    "elementType": "geometry.stroke",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#1f2835"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "road.highway",
    "elementType": "labels.text.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#f3d19c"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "road.local",
    "elementType": "geometry.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#38414e"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "road.local",
    "elementType": "geometry.stroke",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#212a37"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "transit",
    "elementType": "geometry",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#2f3948"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "transit.station",
    "elementType": "labels.text.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#d59563"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "water",
    "elementType": "geometry",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#17263c"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "water",
    "elementType": "labels.text.fill",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "color": "#515c6d"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "featureType": "water",
    "elementType": "labels.text.stroke",
    "stylers": [
      {
        "lightness": -20
      }
    ]
  }
]

使用字符串资源

以下示例展示了如何调用 GMSMapStyle(...) 并传递字符串资源:

class MapStylingStringResource: UIViewController {

  let MapStyle = "JSON_STYLE_GOES_HERE"

  // Set the status bar style to complement night-mode.
  override var preferredStatusBarStyle: UIStatusBarStyle {
    return .lightContent
  }

  override func loadView() {
    let camera = GMSCameraPosition.camera(withLatitude: -33.86, longitude: 151.20, zoom: 14.0)
    let mapView = GMSMapView.map(withFrame: CGRect.zero, camera: camera)

    do {
      // Set the map style by passing a valid JSON string.
      mapView.mapStyle = try GMSMapStyle(jsonString: MapStyle)
    } catch {
      NSLog("One or more of the map styles failed to load. \(error)")
    }

    self.view = mapView
  }
}
      
@implementation MapStylingStringResource

// Paste the JSON string to use.
static NSString *const kMapStyle = @"JSON_STYLE_GOES_HERE";

// Set the status bar style to complement night-mode.
- (UIStatusBarStyle)preferredStatusBarStyle {
  return UIStatusBarStyleLightContent;
}

- (void)loadView {
  GMSCameraPosition *camera = [GMSCameraPosition cameraWithLatitude:-33.86
                                                          longitude:151.20
                                                               zoom:12];
  GMSMapView *mapView = [GMSMapView mapWithFrame:CGRectZero camera:camera];
  mapView.myLocationEnabled = YES;

  NSError *error;

  // Set the map style by passing a valid JSON string.
  GMSMapStyle *style = [GMSMapStyle styleWithJSONString:kMapStyle error:&error];

  if (!style) {
    NSLog(@"The style definition could not be loaded: %@", error);
  }

  mapView.mapStyle = style;
  self.view = mapView;
}

@end
      

如需定义样式选项,请将以下样式字符串粘贴为 kMapStyle 变量的值:

@"["
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"all\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#242f3e\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"all\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.stroke\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"lightness\": -80"
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"administrative\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#746855\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"administrative.locality\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#d59563\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"poi\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#d59563\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"poi.park\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#263c3f\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"poi.park\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#6b9a76\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"road\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#2b3544\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"road\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#9ca5b3\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"road.arterial\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#38414e\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"road.arterial\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry.stroke\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#212a37\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"road.highway\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#746855\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"road.highway\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry.stroke\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#1f2835\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"road.highway\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#f3d19c\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"road.local\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#38414e\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"road.local\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry.stroke\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#212a37\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"transit\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#2f3948\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"transit.station\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#d59563\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"water\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"geometry\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#17263c\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"water\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.fill\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"color\": \"#515c6d\""
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  },"
@"  {"
@"    \"featureType\": \"water\","
@"    \"elementType\": \"labels.text.stroke\","
@"    \"stylers\": ["
@"      {"
@"        \"lightness\": -20"
@"      }"
@"    ]"
@"  }"
@"]"

JSON 样式声明

自定样式的地图利用以下两种概念,将颜色和其他样式更改应用到地图:

  • 选择器:指定可以在地图上设置样式的地理区域组件,包括道路、公园、水体等项目以及它们的标签。选择器包括地图项和元素,分别以 featureTypeelementType 属性来表示。
  • 样式器:可应用于地图元素的颜色和可见性属性,通过色调、颜色和亮度/灰度系数值的组合来定义显示的颜色。

有关 JSON 样式设置选项的详细说明,请参阅样式参考

Maps Platform 样式设置向导

使用 Maps Platform 样式设置向导可以快速生成 JSON 样式设置对象。Maps SDK for iOS 支持与 Maps JavaScript API 相同的样式声明。

完整代码示例

GitHub 上的 ApiDemos 代码库包含相关示例,展示了如何使用样式设置。

下一步

了解如何通过样式设置来隐藏地图上的地图项