本指南面向植入开屏广告的发布商。
开屏广告是一种特殊的广告格式，适合希望通过应用加载页面创收的发布商。用户可以随时关闭开屏广告。开屏广告可以在用户将您的应用切换为在前台运行时展示。
开屏广告会自动在一个较小的区域内展示您的品牌信息，让用户知道他们是在您的应用中。以下是一个开屏广告示例：
概括来讲，植入开屏广告需要执行的步骤如下：
- 创建一个管理器类，用于先加载广告，以备需要展示时使用。
- 在应用进入前台事件期间展示广告。
- 处理展示回调。
前提条件
务必用测试广告进行测试
在构建和测试应用时，请确保使用的是测试广告，而不是实际投放的广告。否则，可能会导致您的账号被中止。
对于开屏广告，加载测试广告最简便的方法就是使用下面的测试专用广告单元 ID：
ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023
该测试广告单元 ID 已经过专门配置，可确保每个请求返回的都是测试广告。您可以在自己应用的编码、测试和调试过程中随意使用该测试广告单元 ID。只需确保您会在发布应用前用自己的广告单元 ID 替换该测试广告单元 ID 即可。
如需详细了解移动广告 SDK 的测试广告如何运作，请参阅测试广告。
实现 Manager 类
您的广告应该要快速展示，因此最好先加载广告，以备需要展示时使用。这样一来，用户进入您的应用后，广告便可以立即展示。实现管理器类，即可在您需要展示广告之前发出广告请求。
创建一个名为 AppOpenAdManager 的新单例类并在其中添加相关代码，如下所示：
Swift
class AppOpenAdManager: NSObject {
var appOpenAd: GADAppOpenAd?
var isLoadingAd = false.
var isShowingAd = false
static let shared = AppOpenAdManager()
private func loadAd() async {
// TODO: Implement loading an ad.
}
func showAdIfAvailable() {
// TODO: Implement showing an ad.
}
private func isAdAvailable() -> Bool {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return appOpenAd != nil
}
}
Objective-C
@interface AppOpenAdManager ()
@property(nonatomic, strong) GADAppOpenAd *appOpenAd;
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isLoadingAd;
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isShowingAd;
@end
@implementation AppOpenAdManager
+ (nonnull AppOpenAdManager *)sharedInstance {
static AppOpenAdManager *instance = nil;
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
instance = [[AppOpenAdManager alloc] init];
});
return instance;
}
- (void)loadAd {
// TODO: Implement loading an ad.
}
// Add this method to the .h file.
- (void)showAdIfAvailable {
// TODO: Implement showing an ad.
}
- (BOOL)isAdAvailable {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return self.appOpenAd != nil;
}
@end
加载广告
下一步是填充 loadAd() 方法。
Swift
private func loadAd() async {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if isLoadingAd || isAdAvailable() {
return
}
isLoadingAd = true
do {
appOpenAd = try await GADAppOpenAd.load(
withAdUnitID: "ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023", request: GADRequest())
} catch {
print("App open ad failed to load with error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
}
isLoadingAd = false
}
Objective-C
- (void)loadAd {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if (self.isLoadingAd || [self isAdAvailable]) {
return;
}
self.isLoadingAd = YES;
[GADAppOpenAd loadWithAdUnitID:@"ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023"
request:[GADRequest request]
completionHandler:^(GADAppOpenAd *_Nullable appOpenAd, NSError *_Nullable error) {
self.isLoadingAd = NO;
if (error) {
NSLog(@"Failed to load app open ad: %@", error);
return;
}
self.appOpenAd = appOpenAd;
}];
}
展示广告
下一步是填充 showAdIfAvailable() 方法。如果没有可展示的广告，该方法会尝试加载广告。
Swift
func showAdIfAvailable() {
// If the app open ad is already showing, do not show the ad again.
guard !isShowingAd else { return }
// If the app open ad is not available yet but is supposed to show, load
// a new ad.
if !isAdAvailable() {
Task {
await loadAd()
}
return
}
if let ad = appOpenAd {
isShowingAd = true
ad.present(fromRootViewController: nil)
}
}
Objective-C
- (void)showAdIfAvailable {
// If the app open ad is already showing, do not show the ad again.
if (self.isShowingAd) {
return;
}
// If the app open ad is not available yet but is supposed to show, load a
// new ad.
if (![self isAdAvailable]) {
[self loadAd];
return;
}
self.isShowingAd = YES;
[self.appOpenAd presentFromRootViewController:nil];
}
在应用进入前台事件期间展示广告
当应用变为活跃状态时，调用 showAdIfAvailable() 以显示广告（如果有）或加载新广告。
Swift
@UIApplicationMain
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {
// ...
func applicationDidBecomeActive(_ application: UIApplication) {
// Show the app open ad when the app is foregrounded.
AppOpenAdManager.shared.showAdIfAvailable()
}
}
Objective-C
@implementation AppDelegate
// ...
- (void) applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application {
// Show the app open ad when the app is foregrounded.
[AppOpenAdManager.sharedInstance showAdIfAvailable];
}
@end
处理展示回调
当应用展示开屏广告时，您应借助 GADFullScreenContentDelegate 处理某些展示事件。具体而言，您需要在第一个开屏广告展示完毕时请求下一个开屏广告。
在 AppOpenAdManager 类中，添加以下代码：
Swift
class AppOpenAdManager: NSObject, GADFullScreenContentDelegate {
// ...
private func loadAd() async {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if isLoadingAd || isAdAvailable() {
return
}
isLoadingAd = true
do {
appOpenAd = try await GADAppOpenAd.load(
withAdUnitID: "ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023", request: GADRequest())
appOpenAd?.fullScreenContentDelegate = self
} catch {
print("App open ad failed to load with error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
}
isLoadingAd = false
}
// ...
// MARK: - GADFullScreenContentDelegate methods
func adWillPresentFullScreenContent(_ ad: GADFullScreenPresentingAd) {
print("App open ad will be presented.")
}
func adDidDismissFullScreenContent(_ ad: GADFullScreenPresentingAd) {
appOpenAd = nil
isShowingAd = false
// Reload an ad.
Task {
await loadAd()
}
}
func ad(
_ ad: GADFullScreenPresentingAd,
didFailToPresentFullScreenContentWithError error: Error
) {
appOpenAd = nil
isShowingAd = false
// Reload an ad.
Task {
await loadAd()
}
}
}
Objective-C
@interface AppOpenAdManager () <GADFullScreenContentDelegate>
@property(nonatomic, strong) GADAppOpenAd *appOpenAd
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isLoadingAd;
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isShowingAd;
@end
@implementation AppOpenAdManager
// ...
- (void)loadAd {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if (self.isLoadingAd || [self isAdAvailable]) {
return;
}
self.isLoadingAd = YES;
[GADAppOpenAd loadWithAdUnitID:@"ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023"
request:[GADRequest request]
completionHandler:^(GADAppOpenAd *_Nullable appOpenAd, NSError *_Nullable error) {
self.isLoadingAd = NO;
if (error) {
NSLog(@"Failed to load app open ad: %@", error);
return;
}
self.appOpenAd = appOpenAd;
self.appOpenAd.fullScreenContentDelegate = self;
}];
}
- (BOOL)isAdAvailable {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return self.appOpenAd != nil;
}
// ...
#pragma mark - GADFullScreenContentDelegate methods
- (void)adWillPresentFullScreenContent:(nonnull id<GADFullScreenPresentingAd>)ad {
NSLog(@"App open ad is will be presented.");
}
- (void)adDidDismissFullScreenContent:(nonnull id<GADFullScreenPresentingAd>)ad {
self.appOpenAd = nil;
self.isShowingAd = NO;
// Reload an ad.
[self loadAd];
}
- (void)ad:(nonnull id<GADFullScreenPresentingAd>)ad
didFailToPresentFullScreenContentWithError:(nonnull NSError *)error {
self.appOpenAd = nil;
self.isShowingAd = NO;
// Reload an ad.
[self loadAd];
}
@end
考虑广告有效期
为确保您不会展示过期的广告，您可以在应用代理中添加一个方法，该方法会检查您的广告引用加载后经过的时间。
在 AppOpenAdManager 中，添加一个名为 loadTime 的 Date 属性，并在广告加载时设置该属性。接下来，您可以添加一个方法，该方法会在广告加载后经过的时间少于一定的小时数时返回 true。请务必先检查广告引用的有效性，然后再尝试展示广告。
Swift
class AppOpenAdManager: NSObject, GADFullScreenContentDelegate {
var appOpenAd: GADAppOpenAd?
var isLoadingAd = false.
var isShowingAd = false
var loadTime: Date?
let fourHoursInSeconds = TimeInterval(3600 * 4)
// ...
private func loadAd() async {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if isLoadingAd || isAdAvailable() {
return
}
isLoadingAd = true
do {
appOpenAd = try await GADAppOpenAd.load(
withAdUnitID: "ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023", request: GADRequest())
appOpenAd?.fullScreenContentDelegate = self
loadTime = Date()
} catch {
print("App open ad failed to load with error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
}
isLoadingAd = false
}
private func wasLoadTimeLessThanFourHoursAgo() -> Bool {
guard let loadTime = loadTime else { return false }
// Check if ad was loaded more than four hours ago.
return Date().timeIntervalSince(loadTime) < fourHoursInSeconds
}
private func isAdAvailable() -> Bool {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return appOpenAd != nil && wasLoadTimeLessThanFourHoursAgo()
}
}
Objective-C
static NSTimeInterval const fourHoursInSeconds = 3600 * 4;
@interface AppOpenAdManager () <GADFullScreenContentDelegate>
@property(nonatomic, strong) GADAppOpenAd *appOpenAd
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isLoadingAd;
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isShowingAd;
@property(weak, nonatomic) NSDate *loadTime;
@end
@implementation AppOpenAdManager
// ...
- (void)loadAd {
// Do not load ad if there is an unused ad or one is already loading.
if (self.isLoadingAd || [self isAdAvailable]) {
return;
}
self.isLoadingAd = YES;
[GADAppOpenAd loadWithAdUnitID:@"ca-app-pub-3940256099942544/5575463023"
request:[GADRequest request]
completionHandler:^(GADAppOpenAd *_Nullable appOpenAd, NSError *_Nullable error) {
self.isLoadingAd = NO;
if (error) {
NSLog(@"Failed to load app open ad: %@", error);
return;
}
self.appOpenAd = appOpenAd;
self.appOpenAd.fullScreenContentDelegate = self;
self.loadTime = [NSDate date];
}];
}
- (BOOL)wasLoadTimeLessThanFourHoursAgo {
// Check if ad was loaded more than four hours ago.
return [[NSDate Date] timeIntervalSinceDate:self.loadTime] < fourHoursInSeconds;
}
- (BOOL)isAdAvailable {
// Check if ad exists and can be shown.
return self.appOpenAd != nil && [self wasLoadTimeLessThanFourHoursAgo];
}
@end
冷启动和加载屏幕
本文档假定您仅在以下情况下展示开屏广告：用户将在内存中挂起的应用切换为在前台运行。用户启动您的应用，但该应用之前未在内存中挂起，这种情况就称为“冷启动”。
例如，用户首次打开您的应用便属于冷启动。对于冷启动，您没有之前已加载的开屏广告可供立即展示。请求广告和收到相应广告之间的延迟会导致出现以下情况：用户能够暂时使用您的应用，然后突然看到一条无关广告。应避免出现这种情况，因为这会导致用户体验不佳。
在冷启动时使用开屏广告的首选方法是，使用加载屏幕来加载游戏或应用素材资源，并且仅在加载屏幕展示广告。如果您的应用已加载完毕，并且用户已经看到应用的主要内容，则不要展示广告。
最佳做法
借助 Google 打造的开屏广告，您可以通过应用的加载屏幕创收。不过，还请务必考虑一些最佳实践，以便让用户喜欢使用您的应用。请务必遵循以下做法：
- 等待用户使用几次您的应用后，再展示第一个开屏广告。
- 在用户等待您的应用加载时展示开屏广告。
- 如果有加载屏幕位于开屏广告之下，并且加载屏幕在用户关闭广告之前已加载完毕，您可能需要通过
adDidDismissFullScreenContent方法关闭加载屏幕。
GitHub 上的完整示例
后续步骤
不妨详细了解用户隐私权。