测试应用是 Cast 开发流程中不可或缺的一环。您的应用 应符合 Cast UX 准则和设计 核对清单,确保 获得一致的 Cast 体验。
对于 Android 应用,请利用用户界面 Automator 和 Espresso 测试 框架来模拟用户在应用中的互动,并在 Android Studio 中 自动化和可重复的方式。如需详细了解自动化界面测试,请参阅自动执行界面测试。
本指南介绍了如何向 Android 发送端应用添加自动化界面测试。
设置测试环境
建议使用 Android Studio 构建和运行应用和测试所需的工具
在用于测试的实体设备上的设置 >开发者选项 关闭以下系统动画:
- 窗口动画缩放
- 过渡动画缩放
- Animator 时长缩放
Gradle 构建文件示例
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 34
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.package"
minSdkVersion 23
targetSdkVersion 34
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
}
dependencies {
...
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:rules:1.1.1'
}
添加第一个 Cast 界面测试
默认情况下,Android Studio 会在
src/androidTest/java/
,用于放置插桩测试和界面测试。如需了解详情,请参阅测试类型和位置。
如需测试应用中是否显示“投射”图标,请执行以下操作:
package com.example.package;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import androidx.mediarouter.app.MediaRouteButton;
import androidx.test.internal.runner.junit4.AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner;
import androidx.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import static androidx.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static androidx.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.isAssignableFrom;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.isDisplayed;
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class MyCastUITest {
@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);
@Test
public void testCastButtonDisplay() throws InterruptedException {
// wait for Cast button
Thread.sleep(2000);
onView(isAssignableFrom(MediaRouteButton.class)).check(matches(isDisplayed()));
}
}
测试 Cast 连接
以下示例展示了如何模拟连接到 Cast 设备的用户操作:
import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;
import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiObjectNotFoundException;
import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiSelector;
import static androidx.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class MyCastUITest {
@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);
/**
* Connecting to Cast device
* - Open Cast menu dialog when tapping the Cast icon
* - Select target Cast device and connect
* - Assert the Cast state is connected
*/
@Test
public void testConnectToCastDevice()
throws InterruptedException, UiObjectNotFoundException {
// wait for Cast button ready
Thread.sleep(2000);
// click on Cast icon and show a dialog
onView(isAssignableFrom(MediaRouteButton.class))
.perform(click());
onView(withId(R.id.action_bar_root))
.check(matches(isDisplayed()));
// select target Cast device to connect
UiDevice mDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(
InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text(TARGET_DEVICE)).click();
// assert the Cast state is connected
assertCastStateIsConnected(MAX_TIMEOUT_MS);
}
}
您可以通过在应用的主线程上执行调用来检索 Cast 会话和连接状态:
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import com.google.android.gms.cast.framework.CastContext;
import com.google.android.gms.cast.framework.CastSession;
import com.google.android.gms.cast.framework.SessionManager;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class MyCastUITest {
private CastContext mCastContext;
private CastSession mCastSession;
private SessionManager mSessionManager;
private boolean isCastConnected;
@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);
/**
* Connecting to Cast device
*/
@Test
public void testConnectToCastDevice()
throws InterruptedException, UiObjectNotFoundException {
......
// assert the Cast state is connected
assertCastStateIsConnected(MAX_TIMEOUT_MS);
}
/**
* Check connection status from Cast session
*/
private void assertCastStateIsConnected(long timeout)
throws InterruptedException {
long startTime = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
isCastConnected = false;
while (!isCastConnected && SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - startTime < timeout) {
Thread.sleep(500);
// get cast instance and cast session from the app's main thread
InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().runOnMainSync(
new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Context mTargetContext =
InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
mCastContext =
CastContext.getSharedInstance(mTargetContext);
mSessionManager = mCastContext.getSessionManager();
mCastSession =
mSessionManager.getCurrentCastSession();
isCastConnected = mCastSession.isConnected();
}
}
);
}
assertTrue(isCastConnected);
}
}