自動化 Android 傳送者 UI 測試

在 Cast 開發流程中,測試應用程式是必要的。您的應用程式 應用程式應符合 Cast 使用者體驗 指南和設計指南 檢查清單,確保 使用者可以享有一致的投放體驗。

如果是 Android 應用程式,請使用 UI AutomatorEspresso 測試 模擬使用者互動,並在 可重複執行的自動化功能如要進一步瞭解自動化 UI 測試,請參閱 自動化使用者介面 測試

本指南說明如何在 Android 傳送端應用程式中新增自動化 UI 測試。

設定測試環境

建議使用 Android Studio 建構及執行應用程式與測試

在用於測試的實體裝置上,依序前往「設定」>「開發人員選項」,關閉下列系統動畫:

  • 視窗動畫比例
  • 轉場動畫比例
  • 動畫影片長度比例

Gradle 建構檔案範例

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 34

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.package"
        minSdkVersion 23
        targetSdkVersion 34
        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
}

dependencies {
    ...

    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.1.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:rules:1.1.1'
}

新增第一項 Cast UI 測試

根據預設,Android Studio 提供位於以下位置的原始碼目錄: src/androidTest/java/ 用於放置檢測設備和 UI 測試。如要 相關資訊,請參閱「測試類型和 位置

如何測試應用程式是否顯示「投放」圖示:

package com.example.package;

import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import androidx.mediarouter.app.MediaRouteButton;
import androidx.test.internal.runner.junit4.AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner;
import androidx.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;

import static androidx.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static androidx.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.isAssignableFrom;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.isDisplayed;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class MyCastUITest {

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
            new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);

    @Test
    public void testCastButtonDisplay() throws InterruptedException {
        // wait for Cast button
        Thread.sleep(2000);

     onView(isAssignableFrom(MediaRouteButton.class)).check(matches(isDisplayed()));
    }
}

測試 Cast 連線

本例說明如何模擬使用者連線至投放裝置的動作:

import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry;
import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;
import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiObjectNotFoundException;
import androidx.test.uiautomator.UiSelector;

import static androidx.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class MyCastUITest {

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
            new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);

    /**
     * Connecting to Cast device
     *  - Open Cast menu dialog when tapping the Cast icon
     *  - Select target Cast device and connect
     *  - Assert the Cast state is connected
     */
    @Test
    public void testConnectToCastDevice()
             throws InterruptedException, UiObjectNotFoundException {

        // wait for Cast button ready
        Thread.sleep(2000);

        // click on Cast icon and show a dialog
        onView(isAssignableFrom(MediaRouteButton.class))
                .perform(click());
        onView(withId(R.id.action_bar_root))
                .check(matches(isDisplayed()));

        // select target Cast device to connect
        UiDevice mDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(
                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
        mDevice.findObject(new UiSelector().text(TARGET_DEVICE)).click();

        // assert the Cast state is connected
        assertCastStateIsConnected(MAX_TIMEOUT_MS);
    }
}

如要擷取投放工作階段和連線狀態,可以在以下項目上執行呼叫: 應用程式的主執行緒:

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.SystemClock;

import com.google.android.gms.cast.framework.CastContext;
import com.google.android.gms.cast.framework.CastSession;
import com.google.android.gms.cast.framework.SessionManager;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class MyCastUITest {
    private CastContext mCastContext;
    private CastSession mCastSession;
    private SessionManager mSessionManager;
    private boolean isCastConnected;

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
            new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);

    /**
     * Connecting to Cast device
     */
    @Test
    public void testConnectToCastDevice()
             throws InterruptedException, UiObjectNotFoundException {
        ......

        // assert the Cast state is connected
        assertCastStateIsConnected(MAX_TIMEOUT_MS);
    }

    /**
     * Check connection status from Cast session
     */
    private void assertCastStateIsConnected(long timeout)
              throws InterruptedException {

        long startTime = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
        isCastConnected = false;

        while (!isCastConnected && SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - startTime < timeout) {

            Thread.sleep(500);

            // get cast instance and cast session from the app's main thread
            InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().runOnMainSync(
                    new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            Context mTargetContext =
                                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getTargetContext();
                            mCastContext =
                                CastContext.getSharedInstance(mTargetContext);
                            mSessionManager = mCastContext.getSessionManager();
                            mCastSession =
                                mSessionManager.getCurrentCastSession();
                            isCastConnected = mCastSession.isConnected();
                        }
                    }
            );
        }

        assertTrue(isCastConnected);
    }
}