本页面介绍了如何为对图表所做的修改添加动画效果,而不是立即应用修改。
目录
概览
Google 图表可以通过以下两种方式之一流畅地添加动画效果:启动时首次绘制图表时,或者在数据或选项更改后重新绘制图表。
如需在启动时添加动画效果,请执行以下操作:
- 设置图表数据和选项。请务必设置动画时长和加/减速类型。
-
设置
animation: {"startup": true}
- 在选项中设置此选项会使图表从在基线处绘制的系列值开始,然后以动画形式呈现到最终状态。 - 调用
chart.draw()
,并传入您的数据和选项。
如需为过渡添加动画效果,请执行以下操作:
- 从已渲染的图表入手。
- 修改数据表或选项。不同的图表类型支持不同的修改;请参阅支持的修改,了解哪些修改支持哪些图表类型。
- 使用动画选项指定过渡行为。
- 对图表调用
chart.draw()
可转换为新值。
以下是一个简单的示例,该示例会在用户点击按钮时更改条形图中显示的单个值:
function init() { var options = { width: 400, height: 240, animation:{ duration: 1000, easing: 'out', }, vAxis: {minValue:0, maxValue:1000} }; var data = new google.visualization.DataTable(); data.addColumn('string', 'N'); data.addColumn('number', 'Value'); data.addRow(['V', 200]); var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart( document.getElementById('visualization')); var button = document.getElementById('b1'); function drawChart() { // Disabling the button while the chart is drawing. button.disabled = true; google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready', function() { button.disabled = false; }); chart.draw(data, options); } button.onclick = function() { var newValue = 1000 - data.getValue(0, 1); data.setValue(0, 1, newValue); drawChart(); } drawChart(); }
支持的修改
对不同类型转换的支持因图表而异。不同类型的转换如下:
- 仅对数据表值进行了更改。行数和列数相同,并且列保留其原始类型和角色。
- 添加或移除列(系列)。
- 添加或移除行(类别)。
-
图表选项的更改。目前,可为变化添加动画效果的选项包括:
-
视图窗口(
vAxis.viewWindow.min
、vAxis.viewWindow.max
、hAxis.viewWindow.min
、hAxis.viewWindow.max
)- 更改视图窗口有助于实现“缩放”和连续的“偏移”效果(参见下面的示例) -
vAxis.ticks
和hAxis.ticks
值 - “
vAxis.gridlines.count
”和“hAxis.gridlines.count
” - “
vAxis.direction
”和“hAxis.direction
” - “
vAxis.baseline
”和“hAxis.baseline
” - “
vAxis.logScale
”和“hAxis.logScale
” - 图表大小(
height
和width
) -
图表区域(
chartArea.height
、chartArea.width
、chartArea.top
、chartArea.left
)
-
视图窗口(
修改类型 | 有效的图表类型 |
---|---|
值更改 | 散点图、折线图、面积图、条形图、气泡图、柱形图、K 线图、阶梯面积图、组合图表、刻度盘图 |
添加/移除行 | 散点图、折线图、面积图、气泡图、组合图表(仅限折线图/面积系列) |
添加/移除列 | 散点图、折线图、面积图、条形图、气泡图、柱形图、K 线图表、SteppedAreaChart、组合图表 |
修改图表选项 | 散点图、折线图、面积图、条形图、气泡图、柱形图、K 线图表、SteppedAreaChart、组合图表 |
转换行为
名称 | |
---|---|
animation.duration |
动画的时长(以毫秒为单位)。如需了解详情,请参阅动画文档。 类型:数字
默认值:0
|
animation.easing |
应用于动画的加/减速函数。提供的选项如下:
类型:字符串
默认值:“线性”
|
animation.startup |
确定图表是否在首次绘制时呈现动画效果。如果为 类型:布尔值
默认值 false
|
事件
绘制图表时,一旦图表准备好进行外部方法调用,就会触发“ready”事件。
转换完成后,图表将触发 animationfinish
事件。
名称 | |
---|---|
animationfinish |
过渡动画完整播放时触发。 属性:无
|
示例
值变更
// Some raw data (not necessarily accurate) var rowData1 = [['Month', 'Bolivia', 'Ecuador', 'Madagascar', 'Papua Guinea', 'Rwanda', 'Average'], ['2004/05', 165, 938, 522, 998, 450, 114.6], ['2005/06', 135, 1120, 599, 1268, 288, 382], ['2006/07', 157, 1167, 587, 807, 397, 623], ['2007/08', 139, 1110, 615, 968, 215, 409.4], ['2008/09', 136, 691, 629, 1026, 366, 569.6]]; var rowData2 = [['Month', 'Bolivia', 'Ecuador', 'Madagascar', 'Papua Guinea', 'Rwanda', 'Average'], ['2004/05', 122, 638, 722, 998, 450, 614.6], ['2005/06', 100, 1120, 899, 1268, 288, 682], ['2006/07', 183, 167, 487, 207, 397, 623], ['2007/08', 200, 510, 315, 1068, 215, 609.4], ['2008/09', 123, 491, 829, 826, 366, 569.6]]; // Create and populate the data tables. var data = []; data[0] = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable(rowData1); data[1] = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable(rowData2); var options = { width: 400, height: 240, vAxis: {title: "Cups"}, hAxis: {title: "Month"}, seriesType: "bars", series: {5: {type: "line"}}, animation:{ duration: 1000, easing: 'out' }, }; var current = 0; // Create and draw the visualization. var chart = new google.visualization.ComboChart(document.getElementById('visualization')); var button = document.getElementById('b1'); function drawChart() { // Disabling the button while the chart is drawing. button.disabled = true; google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready', function() { button.disabled = false; button.value = 'Switch to ' + (current ? 'Tea' : 'Coffee'); }); options['title'] = 'Monthly ' + (current ? 'Coffee' : 'Tea') + ' Production by Country'; chart.draw(data[current], options); } drawChart(); button.onclick = function() { current = 1 - current; drawChart(); }
添加和移除行
var options = { width: 400, height: 240, vAxis: {minValue:0, maxValue:100}, animation: { duration: 1000, easing: 'in' } }; var chart = new google.visualization.LineChart( document.getElementById('visualization')); var data = new google.visualization.DataTable(); data.addColumn('string', 'x'); data.addColumn('number', 'y'); data.addRow(['100', 123]); data.addRow(['700', 17]); var button = document.getElementById('b1'); function drawChart() { // Disabling the button while the chart is drawing. button.disabled = true; google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready', function() { button.disabled = false; }); chart.draw(data, options); } button.onclick = function() { if (data.getNumberOfRows() > 5) { data.removeRow(Math.floor(Math.random() * data.getNumberOfRows())); } // Generating a random x, y pair and inserting it so rows are sorted. var x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000); var y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100); var where = 0; while (where < data.getNumberOfRows() && parseInt(data.getValue(where, 0)) < x) { where++; } data.insertRows(where, [[x.toString(), y]]); drawChart(); } drawChart();
添加和移除列
var options = { width: 400, height: 240, vAxis: {minValue:0, maxValue:1000}, animation: { duration: 1000, easing: 'out' } }; var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart( document.getElementById('visualization')); var chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXTZabcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxyz'; var data = new google.visualization.DataTable(); data.addColumn('string', 'x'); data.addColumn('number', 'A'); data.addColumn('number', 'B'); data.addRow(['A', 123, 40]); data.addRow(['B', 17, 20]); var addButton = document.getElementById('b1'); var removeButton = document.getElementById('b2'); function drawChart() { // Disabling the buttons while the chart is drawing. addButton.disabled = true; removeButton.disabled = true; google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready', function() { // Enabling only relevant buttons. addButton.disabled = (data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1) >= chars.length; removeButton.disabled = (data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1) < 2; }); chart.draw(data, options); } function shuffleAndDrawChart() { for (var i = 0; i < data.getNumberOfRows(); ++i) { for (var j = 1; j < data.getNumberOfColumns(); ++j) { var num = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000); data.setValue(i, j, num); } } drawChart(); } addButton.onclick = function() { data.addColumn('number', chars[data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1]); shuffleAndDrawChart(); } removeButton.onclick = function() { data.removeColumn(data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1); shuffleAndDrawChart(); } drawChart();
更改视图窗口
var options = { width: 400, height: 240, animation: { duration: 1000, easing: 'in' }, hAxis: {viewWindow: {min:0, max:5}} }; var chart = new google.visualization.SteppedAreaChart( document.getElementById('visualization')); var data = new google.visualization.DataTable(); data.addColumn('string', 'x'); data.addColumn('number', 'y'); var MAX = 10; for (var i = 0; i < MAX; ++i) { data.addRow([i.toString(), Math.floor(Math.random() * 100)]); } var prevButton = document.getElementById('b1'); var nextButton = document.getElementById('b2'); var changeZoomButton = document.getElementById('b3'); function drawChart() { // Disabling the button while the chart is drawing. prevButton.disabled = true; nextButton.disabled = true; changeZoomButton.disabled = true; google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready', function() { prevButton.disabled = options.hAxis.viewWindow.min <= 0; nextButton.disabled = options.hAxis.viewWindow.max >= MAX; changeZoomButton.disabled = false; }); chart.draw(data, options); } prevButton.onclick = function() { options.hAxis.viewWindow.min -= 1; options.hAxis.viewWindow.max -= 1; drawChart(); } nextButton.onclick = function() { options.hAxis.viewWindow.min += 1; options.hAxis.viewWindow.max += 1; drawChart(); } var zoomed = false; changeZoomButton.onclick = function() { if (zoomed) { options.hAxis.viewWindow.min = 0; options.hAxis.viewWindow.max = 5; } else { options.hAxis.viewWindow.min = 0; options.hAxis.viewWindow.max = MAX; } zoomed = !zoomed; drawChart(); } drawChart();
更改图表大小
google.charts.load('current', {'packages':['corechart']}); google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(drawChart); function drawChart () { function genData () { var array = []; for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) { var x = i, y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 50), z = Math.floor(Math.random() * 25); array.push([x, y, z]); } return array; } function doubleIt() { options.chartArea.height = '100%'; options.chartArea.width = '100%'; } function halveIt() { options.chartArea.height = '50%'; options.chartArea.width = '50%'; } function goTo50() { options.chartArea.left = '50%'; options.chartArea.top = '50%'; } function goTo10() { options.chartArea.left = '10%'; options.chartArea.top = '10%'; } var data = new google.visualization.DataTable(); data.addColumn('number', 'X'); data.addColumn('number', 'Y'); data.addColumn('number', 'Z'); data.addRows(genData()); var options = { height: 500, chartArea: { height: '50%', width: '50%', top: '10%', left: '10%' }, colors: ['#ee8100', '#9575cd'], animation: { duration: 1500, easing: 'linear', startup: true }, vAxis: { ticks: [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60], gridlines: {color: '#ccc'} }, hAxis: { ticks: [0, 4, 8, 12], gridlines: {color: '#ccc'} }, legend: {position: 'none'}, enableInteractivity: false }; var chart = new google.visualization.LineChart(document.getElementById('chart_div')); chart.draw(data, options); var btns = document.querySelector('#btns'); btns.onclick = function (e) { switch(e.target.id) { case "size": options.chartArea.height === '50%' ? doubleIt() : halveIt(); break; case "slide": options.chartArea.left === '10%' ? goTo50() : goTo10(); } chart.draw(data, options); } }