本頁說明如何為圖表修改內容加上動畫效果,而不是立即套用變更。
目錄
總覽
Google 圖表可透過以下兩種方式之一流暢顯示動畫:首次繪製圖表時啟動,或是在變更資料或選項後重新繪製圖表時。
如要在啟動時建立動畫:
- 設定圖表資料和選項。請務必設定動畫時間長度和加/減速類型。
-
設定
animation: {"startup": true}
— 在選項中設定 — 在圖表中以繪製於基準的序列值開始,並加上動畫到最終狀態的動畫效果。 - 呼叫
chart.draw()
,傳入您的資料和選項。
如何為轉場效果加上動畫效果:
- 從已轉譯的圖表開始著手。
- 修改資料表或選項。不同的圖表類型支援不同的修改功能。請參閱支援的修改項目,瞭解支援的圖表類型支援哪些修改項目。
- 使用動畫選項指定轉場行為。
- 在圖表上呼叫
chart.draw()
,以便轉換為新的值。
以下提供一個簡單的範例,每次點選按鈕時,會變更長條圖中顯示的單一值:
function init() {
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
animation:{
duration: 1000,
easing: 'out',
},
vAxis: {minValue:0, maxValue:1000}
};
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('string', 'N');
data.addColumn('number', 'Value');
data.addRow(['V', 200]);
var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart(
document.getElementById('visualization'));
var button = document.getElementById('b1');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the button while the chart is drawing.
button.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
button.disabled = false;
});
chart.draw(data, options);
}
button.onclick = function() {
var newValue = 1000 - data.getValue(0, 1);
data.setValue(0, 1, newValue);
drawChart();
}
drawChart();
}
支援的修改
轉換類型支援不同的圖表類型。不同類型的轉換如下:
- 僅變更資料表值。資料列和資料欄的數量相同,這些資料欄仍會維持原始類型和角色。
- 新增或移除資料欄 (系列)。
- 新增或移除資料列 (類別)。
-
圖表選項變更。目前可在變更時加入動畫的選項包括:
-
檢視視窗 (
vAxis.viewWindow.min
、vAxis.viewWindow.max
、hAxis.viewWindow.min
、hAxis.viewWindow.max
):變更檢視視窗有助於達成「縮放」和連續「偏移」效果 (請參閱下方範例) -
vAxis.ticks
和hAxis.ticks
值 vAxis.gridlines.count
和hAxis.gridlines.count
vAxis.direction
和hAxis.direction
vAxis.baseline
和hAxis.baseline
vAxis.logScale
和hAxis.logScale
- 圖表大小 (
height
和width
) -
圖表區域 (
chartArea.height
、chartArea.width
、chartArea.top
、chartArea.left
)
-
檢視視窗 (
修改類型 | 有效圖表類型 |
---|---|
值變更 | 散佈圖、折線圖、面積圖、長條圖、泡泡圖、柱圖、K 線圖、SteppedAreaChart、ComboChart、Gauge |
新增/移除資料列 | 散佈圖、折線圖、面積圖、泡泡圖、組合圖 (僅限折線/區域序列) |
新增/移除資料欄 | 散佈圖、折線圖、面積圖、長條圖、泡泡圖、柱狀圖、K 線圖、SteppedAreaChart、ComboChart |
修改圖表選項 | 散佈圖、折線圖、面積圖、長條圖、泡泡圖、柱狀圖、K 線圖、SteppedAreaChart、ComboChart |
轉換行為
名稱 | |
---|---|
animation.duration |
此為動畫的時間長度,以毫秒為單位。詳情請參閱動畫說明文件。 類型:數字
預設值:0
|
animation.easing |
套用至動畫的加/減速功能。可用選項如下所示:
類型:字串
預設:「線性」
|
animation.startup |
指定圖表是否會在初次繪圖時顯示動畫。如果設為 類型:布林值
預設 false
|
事件
繪製圖表時,一旦圖表準備好可供外部方法呼叫,就會觸發「Ready」事件。轉換完成後,圖表會觸發 animationfinish
事件。
名稱 | |
---|---|
animationfinish |
轉場動畫播放完畢時觸發。 屬性:無
|
示例
值異動
// Some raw data (not necessarily accurate)
var rowData1 = [['Month', 'Bolivia', 'Ecuador', 'Madagascar', 'Papua Guinea',
'Rwanda', 'Average'],
['2004/05', 165, 938, 522, 998, 450, 114.6],
['2005/06', 135, 1120, 599, 1268, 288, 382],
['2006/07', 157, 1167, 587, 807, 397, 623],
['2007/08', 139, 1110, 615, 968, 215, 409.4],
['2008/09', 136, 691, 629, 1026, 366, 569.6]];
var rowData2 = [['Month', 'Bolivia', 'Ecuador', 'Madagascar', 'Papua Guinea',
'Rwanda', 'Average'],
['2004/05', 122, 638, 722, 998, 450, 614.6],
['2005/06', 100, 1120, 899, 1268, 288, 682],
['2006/07', 183, 167, 487, 207, 397, 623],
['2007/08', 200, 510, 315, 1068, 215, 609.4],
['2008/09', 123, 491, 829, 826, 366, 569.6]];
// Create and populate the data tables.
var data = [];
data[0] = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable(rowData1);
data[1] = google.visualization.arrayToDataTable(rowData2);
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
vAxis: {title: "Cups"},
hAxis: {title: "Month"},
seriesType: "bars",
series: {5: {type: "line"}},
animation:{
duration: 1000,
easing: 'out'
},
};
var current = 0;
// Create and draw the visualization.
var chart = new google.visualization.ComboChart(document.getElementById('visualization'));
var button = document.getElementById('b1');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the button while the chart is drawing.
button.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
button.disabled = false;
button.value = 'Switch to ' + (current ? 'Tea' : 'Coffee');
});
options['title'] = 'Monthly ' + (current ? 'Coffee' : 'Tea') + ' Production by Country';
chart.draw(data[current], options);
}
drawChart();
button.onclick = function() {
current = 1 - current;
drawChart();
}
新增及移除資料列
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
vAxis: {minValue:0, maxValue:100},
animation: {
duration: 1000,
easing: 'in'
}
};
var chart = new google.visualization.LineChart(
document.getElementById('visualization'));
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('string', 'x');
data.addColumn('number', 'y');
data.addRow(['100', 123]);
data.addRow(['700', 17]);
var button = document.getElementById('b1');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the button while the chart is drawing.
button.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
button.disabled = false;
});
chart.draw(data, options);
}
button.onclick = function() {
if (data.getNumberOfRows() > 5) {
data.removeRow(Math.floor(Math.random() * data.getNumberOfRows()));
}
// Generating a random x, y pair and inserting it so rows are sorted.
var x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000);
var y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100);
var where = 0;
while (where < data.getNumberOfRows() && parseInt(data.getValue(where, 0)) < x) {
where++;
}
data.insertRows(where, [[x.toString(), y]]);
drawChart();
}
drawChart();
新增及移除資料欄
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
vAxis: {minValue:0, maxValue:1000},
animation: {
duration: 1000,
easing: 'out'
}
};
var chart = new google.visualization.ColumnChart(
document.getElementById('visualization'));
var chars = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXTZabcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('string', 'x');
data.addColumn('number', 'A');
data.addColumn('number', 'B');
data.addRow(['A', 123, 40]);
data.addRow(['B', 17, 20]);
var addButton = document.getElementById('b1');
var removeButton = document.getElementById('b2');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the buttons while the chart is drawing.
addButton.disabled = true;
removeButton.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
// Enabling only relevant buttons.
addButton.disabled = (data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1) >= chars.length;
removeButton.disabled = (data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1) < 2;
});
chart.draw(data, options);
}
function shuffleAndDrawChart() {
for (var i = 0; i < data.getNumberOfRows(); ++i) {
for (var j = 1; j < data.getNumberOfColumns(); ++j) {
var num = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000);
data.setValue(i, j, num);
}
}
drawChart();
}
addButton.onclick = function() {
data.addColumn('number', chars[data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1]);
shuffleAndDrawChart();
}
removeButton.onclick = function() {
data.removeColumn(data.getNumberOfColumns() - 1);
shuffleAndDrawChart();
}
drawChart();
變更檢視視窗
var options = {
width: 400,
height: 240,
animation: {
duration: 1000,
easing: 'in'
},
hAxis: {viewWindow: {min:0, max:5}}
};
var chart = new google.visualization.SteppedAreaChart(
document.getElementById('visualization'));
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('string', 'x');
data.addColumn('number', 'y');
var MAX = 10;
for (var i = 0; i < MAX; ++i) {
data.addRow([i.toString(), Math.floor(Math.random() * 100)]);
}
var prevButton = document.getElementById('b1');
var nextButton = document.getElementById('b2');
var changeZoomButton = document.getElementById('b3');
function drawChart() {
// Disabling the button while the chart is drawing.
prevButton.disabled = true;
nextButton.disabled = true;
changeZoomButton.disabled = true;
google.visualization.events.addListener(chart, 'ready',
function() {
prevButton.disabled = options.hAxis.viewWindow.min <= 0;
nextButton.disabled = options.hAxis.viewWindow.max >= MAX;
changeZoomButton.disabled = false;
});
chart.draw(data, options);
}
prevButton.onclick = function() {
options.hAxis.viewWindow.min -= 1;
options.hAxis.viewWindow.max -= 1;
drawChart();
}
nextButton.onclick = function() {
options.hAxis.viewWindow.min += 1;
options.hAxis.viewWindow.max += 1;
drawChart();
}
var zoomed = false;
changeZoomButton.onclick = function() {
if (zoomed) {
options.hAxis.viewWindow.min = 0;
options.hAxis.viewWindow.max = 5;
} else {
options.hAxis.viewWindow.min = 0;
options.hAxis.viewWindow.max = MAX;
}
zoomed = !zoomed;
drawChart();
}
drawChart();
變更圖表大小
google.charts.load('current', {'packages':['corechart']});
google.charts.setOnLoadCallback(drawChart);
function drawChart () {
function genData () {
var array = [];
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
var x = i,
y = Math.floor(Math.random() * 50),
z = Math.floor(Math.random() * 25);
array.push([x, y, z]);
}
return array;
}
function doubleIt() {
options.chartArea.height = '100%';
options.chartArea.width = '100%';
}
function halveIt() {
options.chartArea.height = '50%';
options.chartArea.width = '50%';
}
function goTo50() {
options.chartArea.left = '50%';
options.chartArea.top = '50%';
}
function goTo10() {
options.chartArea.left = '10%';
options.chartArea.top = '10%';
}
var data = new google.visualization.DataTable();
data.addColumn('number', 'X');
data.addColumn('number', 'Y');
data.addColumn('number', 'Z');
data.addRows(genData());
var options = {
height: 500,
chartArea: {
height: '50%',
width: '50%',
top: '10%',
left: '10%'
},
colors: ['#ee8100', '#9575cd'],
animation: {
duration: 1500,
easing: 'linear',
startup: true
},
vAxis: {
ticks: [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60],
gridlines: {color: '#ccc'}
},
hAxis: {
ticks: [0, 4, 8, 12],
gridlines: {color: '#ccc'}
},
legend: {position: 'none'},
enableInteractivity: false
};
var chart = new google.visualization.LineChart(document.getElementById('chart_div'));
chart.draw(data, options);
var btns = document.querySelector('#btns');
btns.onclick = function (e) {
switch(e.target.id) {
case "size":
options.chartArea.height === '50%' ? doubleIt() : halveIt();
break;
case "slide":
options.chartArea.left === '10%' ? goTo50() : goTo10();
}
chart.draw(data, options);
}
}