Model emisi area masih dalam pengembangan dan tidak mewakili
produk akhir.
Kumpulan data ini menyediakan fluks emisi metana yang diuraikan secara spasial (kg/jam) menggunakan pengukuran dari penerbangan MethaneAIR yang berfokus pada wilayah penghasil minyak dan gas di seluruh Amerika Serikat. Total emisi untuk area survei diperoleh dengan menjumlahkan nilai piksel.
Metana adalah gas rumah kaca yang kuat dan memiliki potensi pemanasan lebih dari 80 kali lipat karbon dioksida selama 20 tahun pertama setelah mencapai atmosfer. Setidaknya 30% pemanasan global saat ini disebabkan oleh metana dari tindakan manusia.
Mengurangi emisi metana yang terkait dengan aktivitas manusia - termasuk emisi yang dapat dihindari dari operasi minyak dan gas, pertanian, dan pengelolaan limbah - adalah cara tercepat untuk memperlambat laju pemanasan global.
Emisi area diperkirakan dari XCH4 yang diamati menggunakan framework model inversi geostatistik (lihat set data "MethaneAIR L4 Area Sources"). Model transportasi atmosfer -
model Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport, "STILT";
Lin et al. (2003),
Fasoli et al. (2018); yang didorong oleh
data meteorologi dari NOAA High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Model "HRRR" -
digunakan untuk menghubungkan variasi XCH4 yang diamati dengan potensi sumber di arah angin. Pendekatan
hierarkis digunakan untuk memisahkan variasi XCH4 karena emisi area
dari emisi sumber titik atau aliran masuk di seluruh batas domain
(konsentrasi "latar belakang"). Emisi sumber titik ditentukan secara terpisah (lihat set data "MethaneAIR L4 Point Sources") dan telah dikurangi dari XCH4 yang diamati. Kemudian, model inversi
digunakan untuk memperkirakan aliran XCH4 di seluruh domain batas. Terakhir, emisi area diperkirakan menggunakan model invers geostatistik dengan solusi non-negatif yang diterapkan. Total emisi adalah jumlah emisi area dan sumber titik.
Set data ini dibuat menggunakan pengukuran MethaneAIR yang dilakukan pada penerbangan
antara 30 Juli 2021 dan 13 Oktober 2023. MethaneAIR adalah pendahulu udara dari misi satelit MethaneSAT, yang dikelola oleh MethaneSAT LLC, anak perusahaan yang dimiliki sepenuhnya oleh Environmental Defense Fund. Fluks emisi metana dihasilkan menggunakan framework pemodelan invers geostatistik yang dikhususkan untuk memanfaatkan resolusi spasial tinggi, cakupan spasial yang luas, dan presisi tinggi data MethaneAIR. Tidak semua produk data tersedia untuk semua penerbangan.
Chulakadabba, A., Sargent, M., Lauvaux, T., Benmergui, J. S., Franklin, J.
E., Chan Miller, C., Wilzewski, J. S., Roche, S., Conway, E., Souri, A. H.,
Sun, K., Luo, B., Hawthrone, J., Samra, J., Daube, B. C., Liu, X., Chance,
K., Li, Y., Gautam, R., Omara, M., Rutherford, J. S., Sherwin, E. D.,
Brandt, A., dan Wofsy, S. C. 2023. Kuantifikasi sumber titik metana menggunakan
MethaneAIR: spektrometer pencitraan udara baru, Atmos. Ukuran. Teknologi., 16,
5771-5785.
doi:10.5194/amt-16-5771-2023,
Model emisi area masih dalam pengembangan dan tidak mewakili produk akhir. Set data ini menyediakan fluks emisi metana yang diuraikan secara spasial (kg/jam) menggunakan pengukuran dari penerbangan MethaneAIR yang berfokus pada wilayah penghasil minyak dan gas di seluruh Amerika Serikat. Total emisi untuk area survei diperoleh dengan menjumlahkan …
[null,null,[],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis dataset presents spatially disaggregated methane emission fluxes (kg/hr) derived from MethaneAIR flights over oil and gas production areas in the United States, with total emissions calculated by summing pixel values.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe dataset utilizes a geostatistical inverse model framework and atmospheric transport modeling to estimate methane emissions, differentiating between area, point, and background sources.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eDeveloped by Environmental Defense Fund, this dataset, covering July 2021 to October 2023, represents a preliminary area emissions model and is not a final product.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eUsers can access and analyze this data through Google Earth Engine, with further information available on the MethaneSAT website and relevant publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe data is subject to MethaneSAT's Content License Terms of Use and includes bands for methane flux and image properties like flight ID, basin, and total emissions.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# MethaneAIR L4 Area Sources v1\n\nDataset Availability\n: 2021-07-30T00:00:00Z--2023-10-13T00:00:00Z\n\nDataset Provider\n:\n\n\n [Environmental Defense Fund - MethaneSAT](https://methanesat.org)\n\nTags\n:\n[atmosphere](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/atmosphere) [climate](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/climate) [edf](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/edf) [emissions](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/emissions) [ghg](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/ghg) [methane](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/methane) [methaneair](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/methaneair) [methanesat](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/methanesat) \n\n#### Description\n\n**The area emissions model is still in development and not representative of\na final product.**\n\nThis dataset provides spatially disaggregated methane emission fluxes\n(kg/hr) using measurements from MethaneAIR flights focused on oil and gas\nproducing regions throughout the United States. Total emissions for the\nsurvey area are obtained by summing the pixel values.\n\nMethane is a potent greenhouse gas that has more than 80 times the warming power\nof carbon dioxide over the first 20 years after it reaches the atmosphere. At\nleast 30% of today's global warming is driven by methane from human actions.\nCutting methane emissions associated with human activities - including avoidable\nemissions from oil and gas operations, agriculture, and waste management - is\nthe single fastest way to slow the rate of global warming.\n\nArea emissions are estimated from observed XCH4 using a geostatistical inverse\nmodel framework (see [\"MethaneAIR L4 Area Sources\"](/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/EDF_MethaneSAT_MethaneAIR_L4area) dataset). An atmospheric transport model -\nthe Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport model, \"STILT\";\n[Lin et al. (2003)](https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003161),\n[Fasoli et al. (2018)](https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-2813-2018); driven by\nmeteorological data from the NOAA High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Model \"HRRR\" -\nis used to link variations in observed XCH4 to potential upwind sources. A\nhierarchical approach is used to separate XCH4 variations due to area emissions\nfrom those due to point source emissions or inflow across the domain boundary\n(the \"background\" concentration). Point source emissions are determined\nindividually (see [\"MethaneAIR L4 Point Sources\"](/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/EDF_MethaneSAT_MethaneAIR_L4point) dataset) and pre-subtracted from the observed XCH4. An inverse model is then\nused to estimate XCH4 inflow across the boundary domain. Finally, area emissions\nare estimated using a geostatistical inverse model with an enforced non-negative solution. Total emissions are the sum of area and point source emissions.\n\nThis dataset was generated using MethaneAIR measurements taken on flights\nbetween 30 July 2021 and 13 October 2023. MethaneAIR is an airborne precursor of\nthe MethaneSAT satellite mission, managed by [MethaneSAT LLC](https://www.methanesat.org/),\na wholly owned subsidiary of Environmental Defense Fund. The methane emission fluxes were produced using a geostatistical inverse\nmodeling framework specialized to exploit the high spatial resolution, wide\nspatial coverage, and high precision of MethaneAIR data. Not all data\nproducts are available for all flights.\n\nFor additional information about the MethaneAIR instrument, instrument\ncalibration and emission detections, please refer to recent publications by\n[Loughner et al. (2021)](https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-20-0158.1),\n[Staebell et al. (2021)](https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-3737-2021),\n[Conway et al. (2023)](https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-111),\n[Chulakadabba et al. (2023)](https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-822),\n[Abbadi et al. (2023)](https://doi.org/10.31223/X51D4C),\n[Omara et al. (2023)](https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-3761-2023),\nand [Miller et al. (2023)](https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1962).\n\nContact the data provider for more information about the project at this\nlink: \u003chttps://www.methanesat.org/contact/\u003e\n\n### Bands\n\n**Bands**\n\n| Name | Units | Min | Max | Pixel Size | Description |\n|--------|------------|-----|--------|-------------|-----------------------------------------------|\n| `flux` | kg/h/km\\^2 | 0\\* | 28.3\\* | 1000 meters | Methane emissions traceable to a 1km\\^2 area. |\n\n\\* estimated min or max value\n\n### Image Properties\n\n**Image Properties**\n\n| Name | Type | Description |\n|-------------------------|--------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| flight_id | STRING | Research flight number. |\n| basin | STRING | Oil and Gas basin (e.g. Permian) or area of interest (e.g. New York City). |\n| time_coverage_start | STRING | Data collection start time in YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ format STRING (ISO 8601). |\n| time_coverage_end | STRING | Data collection end time in YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ format STRING (ISO 8601). |\n| processing_id | STRING | (internal) Processing run identifier that represents the calculations that led to the features. It is not an attribute describing the flight, but the processing pipeline. |\n| area_source_total_kg_hr | INT | Total value of area emissions for this flight in kg/hr. Missing values are indicated by -1. |\n\n### Terms of Use\n\n**Terms of Use**\n\nUse of this data is subject to [MethaneSAT's Content License Terms of\nUse](https://www.methanesat.org/sites/default/files/2025-02/MethaneSAT%20-%20Content%20License%20Terms%20of%20Use%20%28Revised%202-12-2025%29%5B25%5D.pdf).\n\n### Citations\n\nCitations:\n\n- Chulakadabba, A., Sargent, M., Lauvaux, T., Benmergui, J. S., Franklin, J.\n E., Chan Miller, C., Wilzewski, J. S., Roche, S., Conway, E., Souri, A. H.,\n Sun, K., Luo, B., Hawthrone, J., Samra, J., Daube, B. C., Liu, X., Chance,\n K., Li, Y., Gautam, R., Omara, M., Rutherford, J. S., Sherwin, E. D.,\n Brandt, A., and Wofsy, S. C. 2023. Methane point source quantification using\n MethaneAIR: a new airborne imaging spectrometer, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16,\n 5771-5785.\n [doi:10.5194/amt-16-5771-2023](https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-5771-2023),\n\n### Explore with Earth Engine\n\n| **Important:** Earth Engine is a platform for petabyte-scale scientific analysis and visualization of geospatial datasets, both for public benefit and for business and government users. Earth Engine is free to use for research, education, and nonprofit use. To get started, please [register for Earth Engine access.](https://console.cloud.google.com/earth-engine)\n\n### Code Editor (JavaScript)\n\n```javascript\nvar dataset = ee.ImageCollection(\"EDF/MethaneSAT/MethaneAIR/L4area\");\n\nvar fluxVisParams = {\n min: 0,\n max: 18,\n palette: ['#070088','#a3069b','#cc4e64','#ffa826','#edfb59'],\n};\n\n// Center on one of the available areas of interests.\nMap.setCenter(-102.5, 31.85, 8);\nMap.addLayer(dataset, fluxVisParams, 'Methane area sources flux');\n```\n[Open in Code Editor](https://code.earthengine.google.com/?scriptPath=Examples:Datasets/EDF/EDF_MethaneSAT_MethaneAIR_L4area) \n[MethaneAIR L4 Area Sources v1](/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/EDF_MethaneSAT_MethaneAIR_L4area) \nThe area emissions model is still in development and not representative of a final product. This dataset provides spatially disaggregated methane emission fluxes (kg/hr) using measurements from MethaneAIR flights focused on oil and gas producing regions throughout the United States. Total emissions for the survey area are obtained by summing ... \nEDF/MethaneSAT/MethaneAIR/L4area, atmosphere,climate,edf,emissions,ghg,methane,methaneair,methanesat \n2021-07-30T00:00:00Z/2023-10-13T00:00:00Z \n27.8 -112.56 43.14 -73.45 \nGoogle Earth Engine \nhttps://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets\n\n- [](https://doi.org/https://methanesat.org)\n- [](https://doi.org/https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/EDF_MethaneSAT_MethaneAIR_L4area)"]]
