Geocoding request and response

Request

A Geocoding API request takes the following form:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/outputFormat?parameters

where outputFormat may be either of the following values:

• json (recommended) indicates output in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON); or
• xml indicates output in XML

HTTPS is required.

Note: URLs must be properly encoded to be valid and are limited to 16384 characters for all web services. Be aware of this limit when constructing your URLs. Note that different browsers, proxies, and servers may have different URL character limits as well.

Some parameters are required while some are optional. As is standard in URLs, parameters are separated using the ampersand (&) character.

The rest of this page describes geocoding and reverse geocoding separately, because different parameters are available for each type of request.

Geocoding (latitude/longitude lookup) parameters

All reserved characters (for example the plus sign "+") must be URL-encoded.

Required parameters in a geocoding request:

• key — Your application's API key. This key identifies your application for purposes of quota management. Learn how to get a key.

• You must specify either address or components or both in a request:

  • address — The street address or plus code that you want to geocode. Specify addresses in accordance with the format used by the national postal service of the country concerned. Additional address elements such as business names and unit, suite or floor numbers should be avoided. Street address elements should be delimited by spaces (shown here as url-escaped to %20):

    address=24%20Sussex%20Drive%20Ottawa%20ON

    Format plus codes as shown here (plus signs are url-escaped to %2B and spaces are url-escaped to %20):
    • global code is a 4 character area code and 6 character or longer local code (849VCWC8+R9 is 849VCWC8%2BR9).
    • compound code is a 6 character or longer local code with an explicit location (CWC8+R9 Mountain View, CA, USA is CWC8%2BR9%20Mountain%20View%20CA%20USA).
  • components — A components filter with elements separated by a pipe (|). The components filter is also accepted as an optional parameter if an address is provided. Each element in the components filter consists of a component:value pair, and fully restricts the results from the geocoder. See more information about component filtering below.

See the FAQ for additional guidance.

Optional parameters in a Geocoding request:

• bounds — The bounding box of the viewport within which to bias geocode results more prominently. This parameter will only influence, not fully restrict, results from the geocoder. (For more information see Viewport Biasing below.)
• language — The language in which to return results.
  • See the list of supported languages. Google often updates the supported languages, so this list may not be exhaustive.
  • If language is not supplied, the geocoder attempts to use the preferred language as specified in the Accept-Language header, or the native language of the domain from which the request is sent.
  • The geocoder does its best to provide a street address that is readable for both the user and locals. To achieve that goal, it returns street addresses in the local language, transliterated to a script readable by the user if necessary, observing the preferred language. All other addresses are returned in the preferred language. Address components are all returned in the same language, which is chosen from the first component.
  • If a name is not available in the preferred language, the geocoder uses the closest match.
  • The preferred language has a small influence on the set of results that the API chooses to return, and the order in which they are returned. The geocoder interprets abbreviations differently depending on language, such as the abbreviations for street types, or synonyms that may be valid in one language but not in another. For example, utca and tér are synonyms for street and square respectively in Hungarian.
• region — The region code, specified as a ccTLD ("top-level domain") two-character value. This parameter will only influence, not fully restrict, results from the geocoder. (For more information see Region Biasing below.) The parameter can also affect results based on applicable law.
• components — A components filter with elements separated by a pipe (|). The components filter is required if the request doesn't include an address. Each element in the components filter consists of a component:value pair, and fully restricts the results from the geocoder. See more information about component filtering below.
• extra_computations — Use this parameter to specify the following additional features in the response:
  • ADDRESS_DESCRIPTORS — See address descriptors for more details.
  • BUILDING_AND_ENTRANCES — See entrances and building outlines for more details.
  To enable multiple of these features for the same API request, include the extra_computations parameter in the request for each feature, for example:

  extra_computations=ADDRESS_DESCRIPTORS&extra_computations=BUILDING_AND_ENTRANCES

Responses

Geocoding responses are returned in the format indicated by the output flag within the URL request, or in JSON format by default.

In this example, the Geocoding API requests a json response for a query on the address "1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA".

This request demonstrates using the JSON output flag:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA&key=YOUR_API_KEY

This request demonstrates using the XML output flag:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA&key=YOUR_API_KEY

Select the tabs below to see the sample JSON and XML responses.

JSON

{
    "results": [
        {
            "address_components": [
                {
                    "long_name": "1600",
                    "short_name": "1600",
                    "types": [
                        "street_number"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "long_name": "Amphitheatre Parkway",
                    "short_name": "Amphitheatre Pkwy",
                    "types": [
                        "route"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "long_name": "Mountain View",
                    "short_name": "Mountain View",
                    "types": [
                        "locality",
                        "political"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "long_name": "Santa Clara County",
                    "short_name": "Santa Clara County",
                    "types": [
                        "administrative_area_level_2",
                        "political"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "long_name": "California",
                    "short_name": "CA",
                    "types": [
                        "administrative_area_level_1",
                        "political"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "long_name": "United States",
                    "short_name": "US",
                    "types": [
                        "country",
                        "political"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "long_name": "94043",
                    "short_name": "94043",
                    "types": [
                        "postal_code"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "long_name": "1351",
                    "short_name": "1351",
                    "types": [
                        "postal_code_suffix"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "formatted_address": "1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA",
            "geometry": {
                "location": {
                    "lat": 37.4222804,
                    "lng": -122.0843428
                },
                "location_type": "ROOFTOP",
                "viewport": {
                    "northeast": {
                        "lat": 37.4237349802915,
                        "lng": -122.083183169709
                    },
                    "southwest": {
                        "lat": 37.4210370197085,
                        "lng": -122.085881130292
                    }
                }
            },
            "place_id": "ChIJRxcAvRO7j4AR6hm6tys8yA8",
            "plus_code": {
                "compound_code": "CWC8+W7 Mountain View, CA",
                "global_code": "849VCWC8+W7"
            },
            "types": [
                "street_address"
            ]
        }
    ],
    "status": "OK"
}

Note that the JSON response contains two root elements:

• "status" contains metadata on the request. See Status codes below.
• "results" contains an array of geocoded address information and geometry information.

Generally, only one entry in the "results" array is returned for address lookups, though the geocoder may return several results when address queries are ambiguous.

XML

<GeocodeResponse>
    <status>OK</status>
    <result>
        <type>street_address</type>
        <formatted_address>1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA</formatted_address>
        <address_component>
            <long_name>1600</long_name>
            <short_name>1600</short_name>
            <type>street_number</type>
        </address_component>
        <address_component>
            <long_name>Amphitheatre Parkway</long_name>
            <short_name>Amphitheatre Pkwy</short_name>
            <type>route</type>
        </address_component>
        <address_component>
            <long_name>Mountain View</long_name>
            <short_name>Mountain View</short_name>
            <type>locality</type>
            <type>political</type>
        </address_component>
        <address_component>
            <long_name>Santa Clara County</long_name>
            <short_name>Santa Clara County</short_name>
            <type>administrative_area_level_2</type>
            <type>political</type>
        </address_component>
        <address_component>
            <long_name>California</long_name>
            <short_name>CA</short_name>
            <type>administrative_area_level_1</type>
            <type>political</type>
        </address_component>
        <address_component>
            <long_name>United States</long_name>
            <short_name>US</short_name>
            <type>country</type>
            <type>political</type>
        </address_component>
        <address_component>
            <long_name>94043</long_name>
            <short_name>94043</short_name>
            <type>postal_code</type>
        </address_component>
        <geometry>
            <location>
                <lat>37.4224428</lat>
                <lng>-122.0842467</lng>
            </location>
            <location_type>ROOFTOP</location_type>
            <viewport>
                <southwest>
                    <lat>37.4212648</lat>
                    <lng>-122.0856069</lng>
                </southwest>
                <northeast>
                    <lat>37.4239628</lat>
                    <lng>-122.0829089</lng>
                </northeast>
            </viewport>
        </geometry>
        <place_id>ChIJeRpOeF67j4AR9ydy_PIzPuM</place_id>
        <plus_code>
            <global_code>849VCWC8+X8</global_code>
            <compound_code>CWC8+X8 Mountain View, CA</compound_code>
        </plus_code>
    </result>
</GeocodeResponse>

Note that the XML response consists of a single <GeocodeResponse> and two top-level elements:

• <status> contains metadata on the request. See Status codes below.
• Zero or more <result> elements, each containing a single set of geocoded address information and geometry information.

The XML response is considerably longer than the JSON response. For that reason, we recommend that you use json as the preferred output flag unless your service requires xml for some reason. Additionally, processing XML trees requires some care, so that you reference proper nodes and elements. See Parsing XML with XPath for some recommended design patterns for output processing.

The remainder of this documentation uses JSON syntax. In most cases, the output format does not matter for purposes of illustrating concepts or field names in the documentation. However, note the following subtle differences:

• XML results are wrapped in a root <GeocodeResponse> element.
• JSON denotes entries with multiple elements by plural arrays (types), while XML denotes these using multiple singular elements (<type>).
• Blank elements are indicated through empty arrays in JSON, but by the absence of any such element in XML. A response that generates no results will return an empty results array in JSON, but no <result> elements in XML, for example.

Status codes

The "status" field within the Geocoding response object contains the status of the request, and may contain debugging information to help you track down why geocoding is not working. The "status" field may contain the following values:

• "OK" indicates that no errors occurred; the address was successfully parsed and at least one geocode was returned.
• "ZERO_RESULTS" indicates that the geocode was successful but returned no results. This may occur if the geocoder was passed a non-existent address.
• OVER_DAILY_LIMIT indicates any of the following:
  • The API key is missing or invalid.
  • Billing has not been enabled on your account.
  • A self-imposed usage cap has been exceeded.
  • The provided method of payment is no longer valid (for example, a credit card has expired).

  See the Maps FAQ to learn how to fix this.

• "OVER_QUERY_LIMIT" indicates that you are over your quota.
• "REQUEST_DENIED" indicates that your request was denied.
• "INVALID_REQUEST" generally indicates that the query (address, components or latlng) is missing.
• "UNKNOWN_ERROR" indicates that the request could not be processed due to a server error. The request may succeed if you try again.

Error messages

When the geocoder returns a status code other than OK, there may be an additional error_message field within the Geocoding response object. This field contains more detailed information about the reasons behind the given status code.

Note: This field is not guaranteed to be always present, and its content is subject to change.

Results

When the geocoder returns results, it places them within a (JSON) results array. Even if the geocoder returns no results (such as if the address doesn't exist) it still returns an empty results array. (XML responses consist of zero or more <result> elements.)

A typical result contains the following fields:

• The types[] array indicates the type of the returned result. This array contains a set of zero or more tags identifying the type of feature returned in the result. For example, a geocode of "Chicago" returns "locality" which indicates that "Chicago" is a city, and also returns "political" which indicates it is a political entity. Components might have an empty types array when there are no known types for that address component. The API might add new type values as needed. For more information, see Address types and address components.
• formatted_address is a string containing the human-readable address of this location.

  Often this address is equivalent to the postal address. Note that some countries, such as the United Kingdom, do not allow distribution of true postal addresses due to licensing restrictions.

  The formatted address is logically composed of one or more address components. For example, the address "111 8th Avenue, New York, NY" consists of the following components: "111" (the street number), "8th Avenue" (the route), "New York" (the city) and "NY" (the US state).

  Do not parse the formatted address programmatically. Instead you should use the individual address components, which the API response includes in addition to the formatted address field.

• address_components[] is an array containing the separate components applicable to this address.

  Each address component typically contains the following fields:

  • types[] is an array indicating the type of the address component. See the list of supported types.
  • long_name is the full text description or name of the address component as returned by the Geocoder.
  • short_name is an abbreviated textual name for the address component, if available. For example, an address component for the state of Alaska may have a long_name of "Alaska" and a short_name of "AK" using the 2-letter postal abbreviation.

  Note the following facts about the address_components[] array:

  • The array of address components may contain more components than the formatted_address.
  • The array does not necessarily include all the political entities that contain an address, apart from those included in the formatted_address. To retrieve all the political entities that contain a specific address, you should use reverse geocoding, passing the latitude/longitude of the address as a parameter to the request.
  • The format of the response is not guaranteed to remain the same between requests. In particular, the number of address_components varies based on the address requested and can change over time for the same address. A component can change position in the array. The type of the component can change. A particular component may be missing in a later response.

  To handle the array of components, you should parse the response and select appropriate values via expressions. See the guide to parsing a response.

• postcode_localities[] is an array denoting up to 100 localities contained in a postal code. This is only present when the result is a postal code that contains multiple localities.
• geometry contains the following information:
  • location contains the geocoded latitude, longitude value. For normal address lookups, this field is typically the most important.

  • location_type stores additional data about the specified location. The following values are currently supported:

    • "ROOFTOP" indicates that the returned result is a precise geocode for which we have location information accurate down to street address precision.
    • "RANGE_INTERPOLATED" indicates that the returned result reflects an approximation (usually on a road) interpolated between two precise points (such as intersections). Interpolated results are generally returned when rooftop geocodes are unavailable for a street address.
    • "GEOMETRIC_CENTER" indicates that the returned result is the geometric center of a result such as a polyline (for example, a street) or polygon (region).
    • "APPROXIMATE" indicates that the returned result is approximate.
  • viewport contains the recommended viewport for displaying the returned result, specified as two latitude,longitude values defining the southwest and northeast corner of the viewport bounding box. Generally the viewport is used to frame a result when displaying it to a user.
  • bounds (optionally returned) stores the bounding box which can fully contain the returned result. Note that these bounds may not match the recommended viewport. (For example, San Francisco includes the Farallon islands, which are technically part of the city, but probably should not be returned in the viewport.)
• plus_code (see Open Location Code and plus codes) is an encoded location reference, derived from latitude and longitude coordinates, that represents an area: 1/8000th of a degree by 1/8000th of a degree (about 14m x 14m at the equator) or smaller. Plus codes can be used as a replacement for street addresses in places where addresses do not exist (where buildings are not numbered or streets are not named). The API does not always return plus codes.

  When the service does return a plus code, it is formatted as a global code and a compound code:

  • global_code is a 4 character area code and 6 character or longer local code (849VCWC8+R9).
  • compound_code is a 6 character or longer local code with an explicit location (CWC8+R9, Mountain View, CA, USA). Do not programmatically parse this content.
  Where available, the API returns both the global code and compound code. However, if the result is in a remote location (for example, an ocean or desert) only the global code may be returned.

• partial_match indicates that the geocoder did not return an exact match for the original request, though it was able to match part of the requested address. You may wish to examine the original request for misspellings and/or an incomplete address.

  Partial matches most often occur for street addresses that do not exist within the locality you pass in the request. Partial matches may also be returned when a request matches two or more locations in the same locality. For example, "Hillpar St, Bristol, UK" will return a partial match for both Henry Street and Henrietta Street. Note that if a request includes a misspelled address component, the geocoding service may suggest an alternative address. Suggestions triggered in this way will also be marked as a partial match.

• place_id is a unique identifier that can be used with other Google APIs. For example, you can use the place_id in a Places API request to get details of a local business, such as phone number, opening hours, user reviews, and more. See the place ID overview.

Address types and address component types

The types[] array in the result indicates the address type. Examples of address types include a street address, a country, or a political entity. There is also a types[] array in the address_components[], indicating the type of each part of the address. Examples include street number or country. (Below is a full list of types.) Addresses may have multiple types. The types may be considered 'tags'. For example, many cities are tagged with the political and the locality type.

The following types are supported and returned by the geocoder in both the address type and address component type arrays:

• street_address indicates a precise street address.
• route indicates a named route (such as "US 101").
• intersection indicates a major intersection, usually of two major roads.
• political indicates a political entity. Usually, this type indicates a polygon of some civil administration.
• country indicates the national political entity, and is typically the highest order type returned by the Geocoder.
• administrative_area_level_1 indicates a first-order civil entity below the country level. Within the United States, these administrative levels are states. Not all nations exhibit these administrative levels. In most cases, administrative_area_level_1 short names will closely match ISO 3166-2 subdivisions and other widely circulated lists; however this is not guaranteed as our geocoding results are based on a variety of signals and location data.
• administrative_area_level_2 indicates a second-order civil entity below the country level. Within the United States, these administrative levels are counties. Not all nations exhibit these administrative levels.
• administrative_area_level_3 indicates a third-order civil entity below the country level. This type indicates a minor civil division. Not all nations exhibit these administrative levels.
• administrative_area_level_4 indicates a fourth-order civil entity below the country level. This type indicates a minor civil division. Not all nations exhibit these administrative levels.
• administrative_area_level_5 indicates a fifth-order civil entity below the country level. This type indicates a minor civil division. Not all nations exhibit these administrative levels.
• administrative_area_level_6 indicates a sixth-order civil entity below the country level. This type indicates a minor civil division. Not all nations exhibit these administrative levels.
• administrative_area_level_7 indicates a seventh-order civil entity below the country level. This type indicates a minor civil division. Not all nations exhibit these administrative levels.
• colloquial_area indicates a commonly-used alternative name for the entity.
• locality indicates an incorporated city or town political entity.
• sublocality indicates a first-order civil entity below a locality. For some locations may receive one of the additional types: sublocality_level_1 to sublocality_level_5. Each sublocality level is a civil entity. Larger numbers indicate a smaller geographic area.
• neighborhood indicates a named neighborhood.
• premise indicates a named location, usually a building or collection of buildings with a common name.
• subpremise indicates an addressable entity below the premise level, such as an apartment, unit, or suite.
• plus_code indicates an encoded location reference, derived from latitude and longitude. Plus codes can be used as a replacement for street addresses in places where they do not exist (where buildings are not numbered or streets are not named). See https://plus.codes for details.
• postal_code indicates a postal code as used to address postal mail within the country.
• natural_feature indicates a prominent natural feature.
• airport indicates an airport.
• park indicates a named park.
• point_of_interest indicates a named point of interest. Typically, these "POI"s are prominent local entities that don't easily fit in another category, such as "Empire State Building" or "Eiffel Tower".

An empty list of types indicates there are no known types for the particular address component, for example, Lieu-dit in France.

In addition to the above, address components may include the types listed here. This list is not exhaustive, and is subject to change.

• floor indicates the floor of a building address.
• establishment typically indicates a place that has not yet been categorized.
• landmark indicates a nearby place that is used as a reference, to aid navigation.
• point_of_interest indicates a named point of interest.
• parking indicates a parking lot or parking structure.
• post_box indicates a specific postal box.
• postal_town indicates a grouping of geographic areas, such as locality and sublocality, used for mailing addresses in some countries.
• room indicates the room of a building address.
• street_number indicates the precise street number.
• bus_station, train_station and transit_station indicate the location of a bus, train or public transit stop.

Note: The Geocoding API isn't guaranteed to return any particular component for an address within our data set. What may be thought of as the city, such as Brooklyn, may not show up as locality, but rather as another component - in this case, sublocality_level_1. What specific components are returned is subject to change without notice. Design your code to be flexible if you are attempting to extract address components from the response.

Viewport biasing

In a Geocoding request, you can instruct the Geocoding service to prefer results within a given viewport (expressed as a bounding box). You do so within the request URL by setting the bounds parameter.

The bounds parameter defines the latitude/longitude coordinates of the southwest and northeast corners of this bounding box using a pipe (|) character to separate the coordinates.

Note: this only adds a bias towards results within the viewport, and doesn't guarantee that all or any result(s) will be contained by it. The Places API's Autocomplete endpoint is generally better suited for ambiguous queries, and can restrict results to a specific area. The Geocoding best practices article provides some guidance regarding which API endpoint best fits which use-case.

For example, a geocode for "Washington" generally returns the U.S. state of Washington:

Request:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=Washington&key=YOUR_API_KEY

Response:

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "Washington",
               "short_name" : "WA",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "United States",
               "short_name" : "US",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "Washington, USA",
         "geometry" : {
            "bounds" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 49.0024442,
                  "lng" : -116.91558
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 45.543541,
                  "lng" : -124.8489739
               }
            },
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 47.7510741,
               "lng" : -120.7401385
            },
            "location_type" : "APPROXIMATE",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 49.0024442,
                  "lng" : -116.91558
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 45.543541,
                  "lng" : -124.8489739
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJ-bDD5__lhVQRuvNfbGh4QpQ",
         "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

However, adding a bounds argument defining a bounding box around the north-east part of the U.S. results in this geocode returning the city of Washington, D.C.:

Request:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=Washington&bounds=36.47,-84.72%7C43.39,-65.90&key=YOUR_API_KEY

Response:

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "Washington",
               "short_name" : "Washington",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "District of Columbia",
               "short_name" : "District of Columbia",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "District of Columbia",
               "short_name" : "DC",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "United States",
               "short_name" : "US",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "Washington, DC, USA",
         "geometry" : {
            "bounds" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 38.9958641,
                  "lng" : -76.90939299999999
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 38.7916449,
                  "lng" : -77.119759
               }
            },
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 38.9071923,
               "lng" : -77.03687069999999
            },
            "location_type" : "APPROXIMATE",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 38.9958641,
                  "lng" : -76.90939299999999
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 38.7916449,
                  "lng" : -77.119759
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJW-T2Wt7Gt4kRKl2I1CJFUsI",
         "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

Region biasing

In a Geocoding request, you can instruct the Geocoding service to return results biased to a particular region by using the region parameter. This parameter takes a ccTLD (country code top-level domain) argument specifying the region bias. Most ccTLD codes are identical to ISO 3166-1 codes, with some notable exceptions. For example, the United Kingdom's ccTLD is "uk" (.co.uk) while its ISO 3166-1 code is "gb" (technically for the entity of "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland").

Geocoding results can be biased for every domain in which the main Google Maps application is officially launched. Note that biasing only prefers results for a specific domain; if more relevant results exist outside of this domain, they may be included.

For example, a geocode for "Toledo" returns this result, as the default domain for the Geocoding API is set to the United States. Request:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=Toledo&key=YOUR_API_KEY

Response:

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "Toledo",
               "short_name" : "Toledo",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Lucas County",
               "short_name" : "Lucas County",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Ohio",
               "short_name" : "OH",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "United States",
               "short_name" : "US",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "Toledo, OH, USA",
         "geometry" : {
            "bounds" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 41.732844,
                  "lng" : -83.454229
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 41.580266,
                  "lng" : -83.69423700000002
               }
            },
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 41.6639383,
               "lng" : -83.55521200000001
            },
            "location_type" : "APPROXIMATE",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 41.732844,
                  "lng" : -83.454229
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 41.580266,
                  "lng" : -83.69423700000002
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJeU4e_C2HO4gRRcM6RZ_IPHw",
         "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

A Geocoding request for "Toledo" with region=es (Spain) will return the Spanish city.

Request:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=Toledo&region=es&key=YOUR_API_KEY

Response:

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "Toledo",
               "short_name" : "Toledo",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Toledo",
               "short_name" : "TO",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Castile-La Mancha",
               "short_name" : "CM",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Spain",
               "short_name" : "ES",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "Toledo, Spain",
         "geometry" : {
            "bounds" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 39.88605099999999,
                  "lng" : -3.9192423
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 39.8383676,
                  "lng" : -4.0796176
               }
            },
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 39.8628316,
               "lng" : -4.027323099999999
            },
            "location_type" : "APPROXIMATE",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 39.88605099999999,
                  "lng" : -3.9192423
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 39.8383676,
                  "lng" : -4.0796176
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJ8f21C60Lag0R_q11auhbf8Y",
         "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

Component filtering

In a Geocoding response, the Geocoding API can return address results restricted to a specific area. You can specify the restriction using the components filter. A filter consists of a list of component:value pairs separated by a pipe (|). Filter values support the same methods of spelling correction and partial matching as other Geocoding requests. If the geocoder finds a partial match for a component filter, the response will contain a partial_match field.

The components that can be filtered include:

• postal_code matches postal_code and postal_code_prefix.
• country matches a country name or a two letter ISO 3166-1 country code. The API follows the ISO standard for defining countries, and the filtering works best when using the corresponding ISO code of the country.
  Note: If you receive unexpected results with a country code, verify that you are using a code which includes the countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest you intend. You can find code information at Wikipedia: List of ISO 3166 country codes or the ISO Online Browsing Platform.

The following components may be used to influence results, but will not be enforced:

• route matches the long or short name of a route.
• locality matches against locality and sublocality types.
• administrative_area matches all the administrative_area levels.

Notes about component filtering:

• Do not repeat these component filters in requests, or the API will return Invalid_request: country, postal_code, route
• If the request contains repeated component filters, the API evaluates those filters as an AND, not an OR.
• Results are consistent with Google Maps, which occasionally yields unexpected ZERO_RESULTS responses. Using Place Autocomplete may provide better results in some use cases. To learn more, see this FAQ.
• For each address component, either specify it in the address parameter or in a components filter, but not both. Specifying the same values in both may result in ZERO_RESULTS.

A geocode for "High St, Hastings" with components=country:GB returns a result in Hastings, England rather than in Hastings-On-Hudson, USA.

Request:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=high+st+hasting&components=country:GB&key=YOUR_API_KEY

Response:

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "High Street",
               "short_name" : "High St",
               "types" : [ "route" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Hastings",
               "short_name" : "Hastings",
               "types" : [ "postal_town" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "East Sussex",
               "short_name" : "East Sussex",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "England",
               "short_name" : "England",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "United Kingdom",
               "short_name" : "GB",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "TN34 3EY",
               "short_name" : "TN34 3EY",
               "types" : [ "postal_code" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "High St, Hastings TN34 3EY, UK",
         "geometry" : {
            "bounds" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 50.8601041,
                  "lng" : 0.5957329
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 50.8559061,
                  "lng" : 0.5906163
               }
            },
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 50.85830319999999,
               "lng" : 0.5924594
            },
            "location_type" : "GEOMETRIC_CENTER",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 50.8601041,
                  "lng" : 0.5957329
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 50.8559061,
                  "lng" : 0.5906163
               }
            }
         },
         "partial_match" : true,
         "place_id" : "ChIJ-Ws929sa30cRKgsMNVkPyws",
         "types" : [ "route" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

A geocode request for the locality of "Santa Cruz" with components=country:ES returns Santa Cruz de Tenerife in Canary Islands, Spain.

Request:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?components=locality:santa+cruz|country:ES&key=YOUR_API_KEY

Response:

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "Santa Cruz de Tenerife",
               "short_name" : "Santa Cruz de Tenerife",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Santa Cruz de Tenerife",
               "short_name" : "TF",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Canary Islands",
               "short_name" : "CN",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Spain",
               "short_name" : "ES",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain",
         "geometry" : {
            "bounds" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 28.487616,
                  "lng" : -16.2356646
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 28.4280248,
                  "lng" : -16.3370045
               }
            },
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 28.4636296,
               "lng" : -16.2518467
            },
            "location_type" : "APPROXIMATE",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 28.487616,
                  "lng" : -16.2356646
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 28.4280248,
                  "lng" : -16.3370045
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJcUElzOzMQQwRLuV30nMUEUM",
         "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

Component filtering returns a ZERO_RESULTS response only if you provide filters that exclude each other.

Request:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?components=administrative_area:TX|country:FR&key=YOUR_API_KEY

Response:

{
   "results" : [],
   "status" : "ZERO_RESULTS"
}

You can make valid queries without the address parameter, using the components filter. (When geocoding a full address, the address parameter is required if the request contains the names and numbers of buildings.)

Request:

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?components=route:Annankatu|administrative_area:Helsinki|country:Finland&key=YOUR_API_KEY

Response:

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "Annankatu",
               "short_name" : "Annankatu",
               "types" : [ "route" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Helsinki",
               "short_name" : "HKI",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Finland",
               "short_name" : "FI",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "00101",
               "short_name" : "00101",
               "types" : [ "postal_code" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "Annankatu, 00101 Helsinki, Finland",
         "geometry" : {
            "bounds" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 60.168997,
                  "lng" : 24.9433353
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 60.16226160000001,
                  "lng" : 24.9332897
               }
            },
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 60.1657808,
               "lng" : 24.938451
            },
            "location_type" : "GEOMETRIC_CENTER",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 60.168997,
                  "lng" : 24.9433353
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 60.16226160000001,
                  "lng" : 24.9332897
               }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJARW7C8sLkkYRgl4je4-RPUM",
         "types" : [ "route" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}