تمت ترجمة هذه الصفحة بواسطة Cloud Translation API‏.

اختيار وسيلة نقل

يمكنك الحصول على مسار باستخدام واجهة برمجة التطبيقات Routes API من خلال إرسال طلب POST عبر بروتوكول HTTP إلى الإجراء computeRoutes (REST) أو من خلال استدعاء الإجراء ComputeRoutes (gRPC).

يوضّح المثال التالي عنوان URL لطلب REST إلى طريقة computeRoutes :

https://routes.googleapis.com/directions/v2:computeRoutes

أدرِج خيارات الطلب في نص طلب بتنسيق JSON. يحتوي نص الطلب على الموقعين المصدر والوجهة وأي خيارات التي تريد ضبطها على المسار لمزيد من المعلومات، راجِع تحديد المواقع الجغرافية و خيارات المسارات المتاحة.

يحتوي الردّ على الحقول التي حدّدتها في قناع حقل الردّ باستخدام معلومات مَعلمة عنوان URL $fields أو field باستخدام عنوان HTTP gRPC X-Goog-FieldMask. للاطّلاع على التفاصيل، يُرجى الاطّلاع على مقالة اختيار المعلومات التي سيتم عرضها.

للحصول على مثال لطلب مسار نقل عام، راجع مثال: الحصول على مسار في وسائل النقل العام

مثال: طلب توجيه HTTP

يوضّح الرمز البرمجي التالي كيفية إنشاء محتوى طلب لطلب computeRoutes . في هذا المثال، يمكنك تعيين موقع المصدر والوجهة حدد أيضًا:

travelMode لـ DRIVE ومسار قيادة مع مراعاة حركة المرور.
لغة en-US مع imperial وحدة مسافة
قناع حقل استجابة في عنوان X-Goog-FieldMask الذي يحدّد عرض الحقول التالية في الاستجابة:
- routes.duration
- routes.distanceMeters
- routes.polyline.encodedPolyline

curl -X POST -d '{
  "origin":{
    "location":{
      "latLng":{
        "latitude": 37.419734,
        "longitude": -122.0827784
      }
    }
  },
  "destination":{
    "location":{
      "latLng":{
        "latitude": 37.417670,
        "longitude": -122.079595
      }
    }
  },
  "travelMode": "DRIVE",
  "routingPreference": "TRAFFIC_AWARE",
  "computeAlternativeRoutes": false,
  "routeModifiers": {
    "avoidTolls": false,
    "avoidHighways": false,
    "avoidFerries": false
  },
  "languageCode": "en-US",
  "units": "IMPERIAL"
}' \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' -H 'X-Goog-Api-Key: YOUR_API_KEY' \
-H 'X-Goog-FieldMask: routes.duration,routes.distanceMeters,routes.polyline.encodedPolyline' \
'https://routes.googleapis.com/directions/v2:computeRoutes'

مثال: نص استجابة مسار HTTP

يُنشئ الطلب أعلاه استجابة JSON التالية:

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "distanceMeters": 772,
      "duration": "165s",
      "polyline": {
        "encodedPolyline": "ipkcFfichVnP@j@BLoFVwM{E?"
      }
    }
  ]
}

مثال: طلب gRPC

gRPC هو مستوى أداء عالي الأداء واستدعاء إجراء عالمي مفتوح المصدر. طوّرتها Google. في gRPC، يمكن لتطبيق العميل استدعاء methods مباشرةً في تطبيق الخادم على جهاز مختلف كما لو كان مثيلًا محليًا.

يوضح المثال التالي مثالاً على طلب gRPC.

البدء

package main

import (
  "context"
  "crypto/tls"
  "fmt"
  "log"
  "time"

  routespb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/maps/routing/v2"
  "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/type/latlng"
  "google.golang.org/grpc"
  "google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
  "google.golang.org/grpc/metadata"
)

const (
  fieldMask  = "*"
  apiKey     = "INSERT_API_KEY_HERE"
  serverAddr = "routes.googleapis.com:443"
)

func main() {
  config := tls.Config{}
  conn, err := grpc.Dial(serverAddr,
      grpc.WithTransportCredentials(credentials.NewTLS(&config)))
  if err != nil {
      log.Fatalf("Failed to connect: %v", err)
  }
  defer conn.Close()
  client := routespb.NewRoutesClient(conn)
  ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 2*time.Second)
  ctx = metadata.AppendToOutgoingContext(ctx, "X-Goog-Api-Key", apiKey)
  ctx = metadata.AppendToOutgoingContext(ctx, "X-Goog-Fieldmask", fieldMask)
  defer cancel()

  // create the origin using a latitude and longitude
  origin := &routespb.Waypoint{
      LocationType: &routespb.Waypoint_Location{
          Location: &routespb.Location{
              LatLng: &latlng.LatLng{
                  Latitude:  37.417670,
                  Longitude: -122.0827784,
              },
          },
      },
  }

  // create the destination using a latitude and longitude
  destination := &routespb.Waypoint{
      LocationType: &routespb.Waypoint_Location{
          Location: &routespb.Location{
              LatLng: &latlng.LatLng{
                  Latitude:  37.417670,
                  Longitude: -122.079595,
              },
          },
      },
  }
  req := &routespb.ComputeRoutesRequest{
      Origin:                   origin,
      Destination:              destination,
      TravelMode:               routespb.RouteTravelMode_DRIVE,
      RoutingPreference:        routespb.RoutingPreference_TRAFFIC_AWARE,
      ComputeAlternativeRoutes: true,
      Units:                    routespb.Units_METRIC,
      RouteModifiers: &routespb.RouteModifiers{
          AvoidTolls:    false,
          AvoidHighways: true,
          AvoidFerries:  true,
      },
      PolylineQuality: routespb.PolylineQuality_OVERVIEW,
  }

  // execute rpc
  resp, err := client.ComputeRoutes(ctx, req)

  if err != nil {
      // "rpc error: code = InvalidArgument desc = Request contains an invalid
      // argument" may indicate that your project lacks access to Routes
      log.Fatal(err)
  }

  fmt.Printf("Response: %v", resp)

}

Java

package com.example;

import com.google.maps.routing.v2.*;
import com.google.type.LatLng;
import io.grpc.CallOptions;
import io.grpc.Channel;
import io.grpc.ClientCall;
import io.grpc.ClientInterceptor;
import io.grpc.ClientInterceptors;
import io.grpc.ForwardingClientCall;
import io.grpc.Metadata;
import io.grpc.MethodDescriptor;
import io.grpc.StatusRuntimeException;
import io.grpc.netty.NettyChannelBuilder;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class RoutesClient {
   // For more detail on inserting API keys, see:
   // https://cloud.google.com/endpoints/docs/grpc/restricting-api-access-with-api-keys#java
   // For more detail on system parameters (such as FieldMask), see:
   // https://cloud.google.com/apis/docs/system-parameters
   private static final class RoutesInterceptor implements ClientInterceptor {
       private final String apiKey;
       private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RoutesInterceptor.class.getName());
       private static Metadata.Key<String> API_KEY_HEADER = Metadata.Key.of("x-goog-api-key",
               Metadata.ASCII_STRING_MARSHALLER);
       private static Metadata.Key<String> FIELD_MASK_HEADER = Metadata.Key.of("x-goog-fieldmask",
               Metadata.ASCII_STRING_MARSHALLER);

       public RoutesInterceptor(String apiKey) {
           this.apiKey = apiKey;
       }

       @Override
       public <ReqT, RespT> ClientCall<ReqT, RespT> interceptCall(MethodDescriptor<ReqT, RespT> method,
               CallOptions callOptions, Channel next) {
           logger.info("Intercepted " + method.getFullMethodName());
           ClientCall<ReqT, RespT> call = next.newCall(method, callOptions);
           call = new ForwardingClientCall.SimpleForwardingClientCall<ReqT, RespT>(call) {
               @Override
               public void start(Listener<RespT> responseListener, Metadata headers) {
                   headers.put(API_KEY_HEADER, apiKey);
                   // Note that setting the field mask to * is OK for testing, but discouraged in
                   // production.
                   // For example, for ComputeRoutes, set the field mask to
                   // "routes.distanceMeters,routes.duration,routes.polyline.encodedPolyline"
                   // in order to get the route distances, durations, and encoded polylines.
                   headers.put(FIELD_MASK_HEADER, "*");
                   super.start(responseListener, headers);
               }
           };
           return call;
       }
   }

   private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RoutesClient.class.getName());
   private final RoutesGrpc.RoutesBlockingStub blockingStub;

   public RoutesClient(Channel channel) {
       blockingStub = RoutesGrpc.newBlockingStub(channel);
   }

   public static Waypoint createWaypointForLatLng(double lat, double lng) {
       return Waypoint.newBuilder()
               .setLocation(Location.newBuilder().setLatLng(LatLng.newBuilder().setLatitude(lat).setLongitude(lng)))
               .build();
   }

   public void computeRoutes() {
       ComputeRoutesRequest request = ComputeRoutesRequest.newBuilder()
               .setOrigin(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420761, -122.081356))
               .setDestination(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420999, -122.086894)).setTravelMode(RouteTravelMode.DRIVE)
               .setRoutingPreference(RoutingPreference.TRAFFIC_AWARE).setComputeAlternativeRoutes(true)
               .setRouteModifiers(
                       RouteModifiers.newBuilder().setAvoidTolls(false).setAvoidHighways(true).setAvoidFerries(true))
               .setPolylineQuality(PolylineQuality.OVERVIEW).build();
       ComputeRoutesResponse response;
       try {
           logger.info("About to send request: " + request.toString());
           response = blockingStub.withDeadlineAfter(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).computeRoutes(request);
       } catch (StatusRuntimeException e) {
           logger.log(Level.WARNING, "RPC failed: {0}", e.getStatus());
           return;
       }
       logger.info("Response: " + response.toString());
   }

   public void computeRouteMatrix() {
       ComputeRouteMatrixRequest request = ComputeRouteMatrixRequest.newBuilder()
               .addOrigins(RouteMatrixOrigin.newBuilder().setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420761, -122.081356))
                       .setRouteModifiers(RouteModifiers.newBuilder().setAvoidTolls(false).setAvoidHighways(true)
                               .setAvoidFerries(true)))
               .addOrigins(RouteMatrixOrigin.newBuilder().setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.403184, -122.097371)))
               .addDestinations(RouteMatrixDestination.newBuilder()
                       .setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.420999, -122.086894)))
               .addDestinations(RouteMatrixDestination.newBuilder()
                       .setWaypoint(createWaypointForLatLng(37.383047, -122.044651)))
               .setTravelMode(RouteTravelMode.DRIVE).setRoutingPreference(RoutingPreference.TRAFFIC_AWARE).build();
       Iterator<RouteMatrixElement> elements;
       try {
           logger.info("About to send request: " + request.toString());
           elements = blockingStub.withDeadlineAfter(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).computeRouteMatrix(request);
       } catch (StatusRuntimeException e) {
           logger.log(Level.WARNING, "RPC failed: {0}", e.getStatus());
           return;
       }

       while (elements.hasNext()) {
           logger.info("Element response: " + elements.next().toString());
       }
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
       String apiKey = System.getenv("INSERT_API_KEY_HERE");

       // The standard TLS port is 443
       Channel channel = NettyChannelBuilder.forAddress("routes.googleapis.com", 443).build();
       channel = ClientInterceptors.intercept(channel, new RoutesInterceptor(apiKey));

       RoutesClient client = new RoutesClient(channel);
       client.computeRoutes();
       client.computeRouteMatrix();
   }
}

#C

على سبيل المثال باستخدام C#، راجع Google.Maps.Routing.V2.

Node.js

const protoPath = "YOUR_PROTO_PATH";
const grpc = require("@grpc/grpc-js");
const protoLoader = require("@grpc/proto-loader");
const packageDefinition = protoLoader.loadSync(protoPath, {
  keepCase: true,
  longs: String,
  enums: String,
  defaults: true,
  oneofs: true,
});
const protoDescriptor =
  grpc.loadPackageDefinition(packageDefinition).google.maps.routing.v2;
const metadata = new grpc.Metadata();
const host = "routes.googleapis.com:443";
const apiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY";
const fieldMask = "*";
let ComputeRoutesRequest = {
  origin: {
    location: {
      lat_lng: {
        latitude: -37.816,
        longitude: 144.964,
      },
    },
  },
  destination: {
    location: {
      lat_lng: {
        latitude: -37.815,
        longitude: 144.966,
      },
    },
  },
  routing_preference: "TRAFFIC_AWARE",
  travel_mode: "DRIVE",
};
const ssl_creds = grpc.credentials.createSsl();
const call_creds = grpc.credentials.createFromMetadataGenerator(
  function (args, callback) {
    metadata.set("X-Goog-Api-Key", apiKey);
    metadata.set("X-Goog-Fieldmask", fieldMask);
    metadata.set("Content-Type", "application/json");
    callback(null, metadata);
  },
);
const credentials = grpc.credentials.combineChannelCredentials(
  ssl_creds,
  call_creds,
);
const client = new protoDescriptor.Routes(host, credentials);
client.ComputeRoutes(ComputeRoutesRequest, (error, response) => {
  if (error) {
    console.log(error);
    return;
  } else if (response) {
    console.log(response);
  }
});