Education Q&A (Quiz
, Question
, and Answer
) structured data
If you have flashcard pages, you can help students better find answers to educational
questions by adding Quiz
structured data to your flashcard pages. Adding structured data makes
your content eligible to appear in the Q&A carousel in Google Search results,
Google Assistant, and Google Lens results.

The following page types are eligible for the education Q&A carousel:
- Flashcard page: A page that contains flashcards that typically have a question on one side and an answer on the other side. To mark up flashcard pages, continue reading this guide to learn how to add education Q&A schema.
- Single Q&A page: A page that only contains one question and is followed by
user-submitted answers. To mark up single Q&A pages, add
QAPage
markup instead.
Feature availability
The education Q&A carousel is available in English in all regions where Google Search is available. The feature is only available when searching for education-related topics on desktop and mobile. For example, try searching for queries like "the measure of three angles of a quadrilateral are 80 90 and 103 degrees" or "the ratio of surface energy to surface area is".
How to add structured data
Structured data is a standardized format for providing information about a page and classifying the page content. If you're new to structured data, you can learn more about how structured data works.
Here's an overview of how to build, test, and release structured data.
- Add the required properties. Based on the format you're using, learn where to insert structured data on the page.
- Follow the guidelines.
- Validate your code using the Rich Results Test and fix any critical errors. Consider also fixing any non-critical issues that may be flagged in the tool, as they can help improve the quality of your structured data (however, this isn't necessary to be eligible for rich results).
- Deploy a few pages that include your structured data and use the URL Inspection tool to test how Google sees the page. Be sure that your page is
accessible to Google and not blocked by a robots.txt file, the
noindex
tag, or login requirements. If the page looks okay, you can ask Google to recrawl your URLs. - To keep Google informed of future changes, we recommend that you submit a sitemap. You can automate this with the Search Console Sitemap API.
Examples
Here's an example of a flashcard page with education Q&A structured data.
<html> <head> <title>Cell Transport</title> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org/", "@type": "Quiz", "about": { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Cell Transport" }, "educationalAlignment": [ { "@type": "AlignmentObject", "alignmentType": "educationalSubject", "targetName": "Biology" } ], "hasPart": [ { "@context": "https://schema.org/", "@type": "Question", "eduQuestionType": "Flashcard", "text": "This is some fact about receptor molecules.", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "receptor molecules" } }, { "@context": "https://schema.org/", "@type": "Question", "eduQuestionType": "Flashcard", "text": "This is some fact about the cell membrane.", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "cell membrane" } } ] } </script> </head> </html>
Guidelines
For your page to be eligible for the education Q&A rich result, you must follow these guidelines:
Technical guidelines
- Put structured data on the most detailed leaf page possible. Don't add structured data to pages without questions.
- All questions must use the
Flashcard
value for theeduQuestionType
property. Pages that contain other question types are not eligible for the education Q&A carousel. For pages with other question types, consider using Practice Problems. - Ensure that Googlebot can crawl your site efficiently.
- The questions on your site should be immediately visible to users on the page, meaning that the questions aren't held only in a data file or PDF.
- If your page has only one question followed by several user-submitted answers, use
QAPage
markup instead.
Content guidelines
We created these education Q&A content guidelines to ensure that our users are connected with learning resources that are relevant. If we find content that violates these guidelines, we'll respond appropriately, which may include taking manual action and not displaying your content in the education Q&A rich result on Google.
- Education Q&A pages must follow the same content guidelines for Q&A pages.
- Your page must contain education related questions and answers. There must be at least one question and answer pairing on your page, and the answer must be related to and answer the user's question.
- You are responsible for the accuracy and quality of your education Q&A pages through this feature. If a certain amount of your content is found to be inaccurate based on quality and pedagogical review processes, then all or a subset of your Q&A pages may not be eligible for this feature until you resolve the issues.
Structured data type definitions
You must include the required properties for your content to be eligible for display as a rich result. You can also include the recommended properties to add more information about your content, which could provide a better user experience.
Quiz
A Quiz
is a set of flashcards (one or more), which are typically about the same concept or subject.
The full definition of Quiz is provided on schema.org. The Google-supported properties are the following:
Required properties | |
---|---|
hasPart |
Nested information about the specific flashcard question for the quiz. Use one To include multiple flashcards, repeat this property. { "@type": "Quiz", "hasPart": { "@type": "Question" } } |
Recommended properties | |
---|---|
about |
Nested information about the underlying concept behind the { "@type": "Quiz", "about": { "@type": "Thing" } } |
about.name |
Nested information about the underlying concept behind the { "@type": "Quiz", "about": { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Cell transport" } } |
educationalAlignment |
The quiz's alignment to an established educational framework. This property can be repeated to align the quiz with a field of study or domain, and the target grade or educational standard. { "@type": "Quiz", "educationalAlignment": [] } |
educationalAlignment.alignmentType |
A category of alignment between the learning resource and the framework node for the quiz. Google Search uses the LRMI standard.
Repeat the
Here's how to specify both the { "@type": "Quiz", "educationalAlignment": [ { "@type": "AlignmentObject", "alignmentType": "educationalSubject", "targetName": "Biology" }, { "@type": "AlignmentObject", "alignmentType": "educationalLevel", "targetName": "Fifth grade" } ] } |
educationalAlignment.targetName |
The name of a node of an established educational framework. For example: "Grade 7: Cell Structure". { "@type": "Quiz", "educationalAlignment": [ { "@type": "AlignmentObject", "targetName": "Grade 7: Cell Structure" } ] } |
Question
Each question corresponds to one flashcard, nested under the hasPart
property of
Quiz
. Note that these Question
requirements are different from the
Question requirements for QAPage
.
The full definition of Question is provided on schema.org. The Google-supported properties are the following:
Required properties | |
---|---|
acceptedAnswer |
The full text of the answer to a flashcard. There must only be one { "@type": "Question", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "cell membranes" } } |
eduQuestionType |
The type of question. You must use this fixed value: { "@type": "Question", "eduQuestionType": "Flashcard” } |
text |
The full text of the flashcard question. { "@type": "Question", "text": "A protein on the surface of HIV can attach to proteins on the surface of healthy human cells. What are the attachment sites on the surface of the cells known as?" } |
Monitor rich results with Search Console
Search Console is a tool that helps you monitor how your pages perform in Google Search. You don't have to sign up for Search Console to be included in Google Search results, but it can help you understand and improve how Google sees your site. We recommend checking Search Console in the following cases:
- After deploying structured data for the first time
- After releasing new templates or updating your code
- Analyzing traffic periodically
After deploying structured data for the first time
After Google has indexed your pages, look for issues using the relevant Rich result status report. Ideally, there will be an increase of valid items, and no increase in invalid items. If you find issues in your structured data:
- Fix the invalid items.
- Inspect a live URL to check if the issue persists.
- Request validation using the status report.
After releasing new templates or updating your code
When you make significant changes to your website, monitor for increases in structured data invalid items.- If you see an increase in invalid items, perhaps you rolled out a new template that doesn't work, or your site interacts with the existing template in a new and bad way.
- If you see a decrease in valid items (not matched by an increase in invalid items), perhaps you are no longer embedding structured data in your pages. Use the URL Inspection tool to learn what is causing the issue.
Analyzing traffic periodically
Analyze your Google Search traffic using the Performance Report. The data will show you how often your page appears as a rich result in Search, how often users click on it and what is the average position you appear on search results. You can also automatically pull these results with the Search Console API.问题排查
如果您在实施或调试结构化数据时遇到问题,请查看下面列出的一些实用资源。
- 如果您使用了内容管理系统 (CMS) 或其他人负责管理您的网站,请向其寻求帮助。请务必向其转发列明问题细节的任何 Search Console 消息。
- Google 不能保证使用结构化数据的功能一定会显示在搜索结果中。如需查看导致 Google 无法将您的内容显示为富媒体搜索结果的各种常见原因,请参阅结构化数据常规指南。
- 您的结构化数据可能存在错误。请查看结构化数据错误列表和“无法解析的结构化数据”报告。
- 如果您的网页受到结构化数据手动操作的影响,其中的结构化数据将会被忽略(但该网页仍可能会出现在 Google 搜索结果中)。如需修正结构化数据问题,请使用“人工处置措施”报告。
- 再次查看相关指南,确认您的内容是否未遵循指南。问题可能是因为出现垃圾内容或使用垃圾标记导致的。不过,问题可能不是语法问题,因此富媒体搜索结果测试无法识别这些问题。
- 针对富媒体搜索结果缺失/富媒体搜索结果总数下降进行问题排查。
- 请等待一段时间,以便 Google 重新抓取您的网页并重新将其编入索引。请注意,网页发布后,Google 可能需要几天时间才会找到和抓取该网页。有关抓取和索引编制的常见问题,请参阅 Google 搜索抓取和索引编制常见问题解答。
- 在 Google 搜索中心论坛中发帖提问。