方法：Pesaresi、Martino、Marcello Schiavina、Panagiotis Politis、
Sergio Freire、Katarzyna Krasnodebska、
Johannes H. Uhl、Alessandra Carioli 等人 (2024 年)。透過地球觀測和人口調查資料的聯合評估，提升全球人類定居資料層的準確度。International Journal of Digital Earth 17(1)。
doi:10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454。
[null,null,[],[[["\u003cp\u003eThe Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) dataset provides a 10-meter resolution view of human settlements, characterizing them by function and building height.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThis dataset from the European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) covers the year 2018 and is derived from Sentinel-2 imagery and other GHSL data.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eSettlement characteristics are categorized into open spaces (vegetation, water, roads) and built spaces (residential and non-residential) with building height classifications.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe GHSL dataset is open and free to use with proper attribution, as detailed in the European Commission Reuse and Copyright Notice.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eUsers can explore and analyze this dataset using Google Earth Engine, a cloud-based platform for geospatial data.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["The EC JRC provides the GHS-BUILT-C R2023A dataset, accessible via Google Earth Engine, which describes human settlements at a 10-meter resolution, from 2018. This raster dataset categorizes built environments by functional and height-related traits, including residential and non-residential buildings with height ranges, as well as open spaces. Users can utilize Earth Engine and JavaScript code to analyze and visualize settlement characteristics for free, using provided examples. The dataset is open data and has specific citations and DOIs.\n"],null,["# GHSL: Global settlement characteristics (10 m) 2018 (P2023A)\n\nDataset Availability\n: 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z--2018-12-31T00:00:00Z\n\nDataset Provider\n:\n\n\n [EC JRC](https://ghsl.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ghs_buC2023.php)\n\nTags\n:\n[building](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/building) [built](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/built) [builtup](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/builtup) [copernicus](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/copernicus) [ghsl](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/ghsl) [height](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/height) [jrc](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/jrc) [landcover](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/landcover) [population](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/population) [roads](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/roads) [sdg](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/sdg) [sentinel2-derived](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/sentinel2-derived) [settlement](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/settlement) [urban](/earth-engine/datasets/tags/urban) \n\n#### Description\n\nThis spatial raster dataset delineates human settlements at 10 m resolution,\nand describes their inner characteristics in terms of the functional and\nheight-related components of the built environment.\n\nMore information about the GHSL data products can be found in the [GHSL Data\nPackage 2023 report](https://ghsl.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/GHSL_Data_Package_2023.pdf?t=1683540422)\n\nThe Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) project is supported by the European\nCommission, Joint Research Centre, and Directorate-General for Regional and\nUrban Policy.\n\n### Bands\n\n\n**Pixel Size**\n\n10 meters\n\n**Bands**\n\n| Name | Pixel Size | Description |\n|-------------------------|------------|----------------------------|\n| `built_characteristics` | meters | Settlement characteristics |\n\n**built_characteristics Class Table**\n\n| Value | Color | Description |\n|-------|---------|---------------------------------------------------------------|\n| 1 | #718c6c | open spaces, low vegetation surfaces |\n| 2 | #8ad86b | open spaces, medium vegetation surfaces |\n| 3 | #c1ffa1 | open spaces, high vegetation surfaces |\n| 4 | #01b7ff | open spaces, water surfaces |\n| 5 | #ffd501 | open spaces, road surfaces |\n| 11 | #d28200 | built spaces, residential, building height \\\u003c= 3m |\n| 12 | #fe5900 | built spaces, residential, 3m \\\u003c building height \\\u003c= 6m |\n| 13 | #ff0101 | built spaces, residential, 6m \\\u003c building height \\\u003c= 15m |\n| 14 | #ce001b | built spaces, residential, 15m \\\u003c building height \\\u003c= 30m |\n| 15 | #7a000a | built spaces, residential, building height \\\u003e 30m |\n| 21 | #ff9ff4 | built spaces, non-residential, building height \\\u003c= 3m |\n| 22 | #ff67e4 | built spaces, non-residential, 3m \\\u003c building height \\\u003c= 6m |\n| 23 | #f701ff | built spaces, non-residential, 6m \\\u003c building height \\\u003c= 15m |\n| 24 | #a601ff | built spaces, non-residential, 15m \\\u003c building height \\\u003c= 30m |\n| 25 | #6e00fe | built spaces, non-residential, building height \\\u003e 30m |\n\n### Terms of Use\n\n**Terms of Use**\n\nThe GHSL has been produced by the European Commission Joint Research Centre\nas open and free data. Reuse is authorised, provided the source is\nacknowledged. For more information, please read the use conditions ([European\nCommission Reuse and Copyright Notice](https://ec.europa.eu/info/legal-notice_en)).\n\n### Citations\n\nCitations:\n\n- Dataset : Pesaresi, Martino; Politis, Panagiotis (2023): GHS-BUILT-C\n R2023A - GHS Settlement Characteristics, derived from Sentinel2\n composite (2018) and other GHS R2023A data. European Commission,\n Joint Research Centre (JRC)\n [PID: http://data.europa.eu/89h/3c60ddf6-0586-4190-854b-f6aa0edc2a30](http://data.europa.eu/89h/3c60ddf6-0586-4190-854b-f6aa0edc2a30)\n [doi:10.2905/3c60ddf6-0586-4190-854b-f6aa0edc2a30](https://doi.org/10.2905/3c60ddf6-0586-4190-854b-f6aa0edc2a30)\n- Methodology : Pesaresi, Martino, Marcello Schiavina, Panagiotis Politis,\n Sergio Freire, Katarzyna Krasnodebska,\n Johannes H. Uhl, Alessandra Carioli, et al. (2024). Advances on the\n Global Human Settlement Layer by Joint Assessment of Earth Observation\n and Population Survey Data. International Journal of Digital Earth 17(1).\n [doi:10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454](https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454).\n\n### DOIs\n\n- \u003chttps://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2024.2390454\u003e\n- \u003chttps://doi.org/10.2905/3c60ddf6-0586-4190-854b-f6aa0edc2a30\u003e\n\n### Explore with Earth Engine\n\n| **Important:** Earth Engine is a platform for petabyte-scale scientific analysis and visualization of geospatial datasets, both for public benefit and for business and government users. Earth Engine is free to use for research, education, and nonprofit use. To get started, please [register for Earth Engine access.](https://console.cloud.google.com/earth-engine)\n\n### Code Editor (JavaScript)\n\n```javascript\nvar image = ee.Image(\"JRC/GHSL/P2023A/GHS_BUILT_C/2018\");\nvar built = image.select('built_characteristics');\nMap.setCenter(77.58, 12.97, 13);\nMap.addLayer(built, {}, 'Settlement_characteristics (2018)');\n```\n[Open in Code Editor](https://code.earthengine.google.com/?scriptPath=Examples:Datasets/JRC/JRC_GHSL_P2023A_GHS_BUILT_C) \n[GHSL: Global settlement characteristics (10 m) 2018 (P2023A)](/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/JRC_GHSL_P2023A_GHS_BUILT_C) \nThis spatial raster dataset delineates human settlements at 10 m resolution, and describes their inner characteristics in terms of the functional and height-related components of the built environment. More information about the GHSL data products can be found in the GHSL Data Package 2023 report The Global Human Settlement Layer ... \nJRC/GHSL/P2023A/GHS_BUILT_C, building,built,builtup,copernicus,ghsl,height,jrc,landcover,population,roads,sdg,sentinel2-derived,settlement,urban \n2018-01-01T00:00:00Z/2018-12-31T00:00:00Z \n-90 -180 90 180 \nGoogle Earth Engine \nhttps://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets\n\n- [https://doi.org/10.2905/3c60ddf6-0586-4190-854b-f6aa0edc2a30](https://doi.org/https://ghsl.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ghs_buC2023.php)\n- [https://doi.org/10.2905/3c60ddf6-0586-4190-854b-f6aa0edc2a30](https://doi.org/https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/JRC_GHSL_P2023A_GHS_BUILT_C)"]]
