由於 Google Ads API 使用 Protobuf 做為預設酬載格式,因此請務必 ,瞭解使用 API 時的一些 Protobuf 慣例和類型。
選填欄位
Google Ads API 中的許多欄位都標示為 optional
。這樣一來,
區分欄位含有空白值的情況
並未傳回欄位值。這些欄位的運作方式和
但這些欄位也提供其他清除欄位和
檢查是否已設定欄位。
舉例來說,Campaign
物件的 Name
欄位會標示為「非必要」。
因此,您可以使用下列方法處理這個欄位。
// Get the name.
string name = campaign.Name;
// Set the name.
campaign.Name = name;
// Check if the campaign object has the name field set.
bool hasName = campaign.HasName();
// Clear the name field. Use this method to exclude Name field from
// being sent to the server in a subsequent API call.
campaign.ClearName();
// Set the campaign to empty string value. This value will be
// sent to the server if you use this object in a subsequent API call.
campaign.Name = "";
// This will throw a runtime error. Use ClearName() instead.
campaign.Name = null;
重複類型
在 Google Ads API 中,欄位陣列會顯示為唯讀
RepeatedField
。
一個例子是廣告活動的「url_custom_parameters
」欄位是重複欄位
在 .NET 中則以唯讀 RepeatedField<CustomParameter>
表示
用戶端程式庫
RepeatedField
會導入
IList<T>
存取 API
填入 RepeatedField
欄位的方法有兩種。
舊版 C# 版本:使用 AddRange 方法新增值
範例如下:
Campaign campaign = new Campaign()
{
ResourceName = ResourceNames.Campaign(customerId, campaignId),
Status = CampaignStatus.Paused,
};
// Add values to UrlCustomParameters using AddRange method.
campaign.UrlCustomParameters.AddRange(new CustomParameter[]
{
new CustomParameter { Key = "season", Value = "christmas" },
new CustomParameter { Key = "promocode", Value = "NY123" }
});
較新的 C# 版本:使用集合初始化語法
// Option 1: Initialize the field directly.
Campaign campaign = new Campaign()
{
ResourceName = ResourceNames.Campaign(customerId, campaignId),
Status = CampaignStatus.Paused,
// Directly initialize the field.
UrlCustomParameters =
{
new CustomParameter { Key = "season", Value = "christmas" },
new CustomParameter { Key = "promocode", Value = "NY123" }
}
};
// Option 2: Initialize using an intermediate variable.
CustomParameter[] parameters = new CustomParameter[]
{
new CustomParameter { Key = "season", Value = "christmas" },
new CustomParameter { Key = "promocode", Value = "NY123" }
}
Campaign campaign1 = new Campaign()
{
ResourceName = ResourceNames.Campaign(customerId, campaignId),
Status = CampaignStatus.Paused,
// Initialize from an existing array.
UrlCustomParameters = { parameters }
};
其中一種類型
Google Ads API 中有部分欄位標示為 OneOf
欄位,表示該欄位
則只能包含不同的類型,但一次僅限一個值。其中一個欄位是
與 C 中的 union 類型類似
.NET 程式庫為每個型別提供一個屬性,藉此實作 OneOf 欄位 OneOf 欄位中的保留值,且會更新 共用課程欄位
舉例來說,廣告活動的 campaign_bidding_strategy
標示為 OneOf
] 欄位。此類別實作方式如下 (為求簡潔,程式碼經過簡化):
public sealed partial class Campaign : pb::IMessage<Campaign>
{
object campaignBiddingStrategy_ = null;
CampaignBiddingStrategyOneofCase campaignBiddingStrategyCase_;
public ManualCpc ManualCpc
{
get
{
return campaignBiddingStrategyCase_ == CampaignBiddingStrategyOneofCase.ManualCpc ?
(ManualCpc) campaignBiddingStrategy_ : null;
}
set
{
campaignBiddingStrategy_ = value;
campaignBiddingStrategyCase_ = CampaignBiddingStrategyOneofCase.ManualCpc;
}
}
public ManualCpm ManualCpm
{
get
{
return campaignBiddingStrategyCase_ == CampaignBiddingStrategyOneofCase.ManualCpm ?
(ManualCpm) campaignBiddingStrategy_ : null;
}
set
{
campaignBiddingStrategy_ = value;
campaignBiddingStrategyCase_ = CampaignBiddingStrategyOneofCase.ManualCpm;
}
}
public CampaignBiddingStrategyOneofCase CampaignBiddingStrategyCase
{
get { return campaignBiddingStrategyCase_; }
}
}
由於 OneOf 屬性會共用儲存空間,因此一項指派可以覆寫先前 導致細微錯誤例如:
Campaign campaign = new Campaign()
{
ManualCpc = new ManualCpc()
{
EnhancedCpcEnabled = true
},
ManualCpm = new ManualCpm()
{
}
};
在本例中,campaign.ManualCpc
現在是 null
,因為初始化
campaign.ManualCpm
欄位會覆寫先前以下項目的初始化作業:
campaign.ManualCpc
。
轉換為其他格式
您可以輕鬆將 protobuf 物件轉換為 JSON 格式,以及反向操作。這是 因此,在建構需要與其他系統互動的系統時 需要 JSON 或 XML 等文字型資料。
GoogleAdsRow row = new GoogleAdsRow()
{
Campaign = new Campaign()
{
Id = 123,
Name = "Campaign 1",
ResourceName = ResourceNames.Campaign(1234567890, 123)
}
};
// Serialize to JSON and back.
string json = JsonFormatter.Default.Format(row);
row = GoogleAdsRow.Parser.ParseJson(json);
您也可以將物件序列化為位元組,然後再進行序列化。二進位序列化作業更勝以往 高效率的記憶體和儲存空間 比 JSON 格式更有效
GoogleAdsRow row = new GoogleAdsRow()
{
Campaign = new Campaign()
{
Id = 123,
Name = "Campaign 1",
ResourceName = ResourceNames.Campaign(1234567890, 123)
}
};
// Serialize to bytes and back.
byte[] bytes = row.ToByteArray();
row = GoogleAdsRow.Parser.ParseFrom(bytes);