Contoh: Permintaan dan batas beban

Contoh ini menunjukkan cara menggunakan loadDemands dan loadLimits untuk mengelola batasan kapasitas kendaraan dalam permintaan Route Optimization API.

Untuk ringkasan konseptual yang lengkap, lihat dokumen Konsep utama permintaan dan batas beban.

Contoh permintaan

Contoh berikut menunjukkan skenario saat satu kendaraan dengan batas muatan harus mengirimkan tiga pengiriman dengan berat yang berbeda.

Contoh permintaan ini berisi parameter terkait beban berikut:

• shipments[0] dengan permintaan beban amount sebesar 50 weightKg.
• shipments[1] dengan permintaan beban amount sebesar 10 weightKg.
• shipments[2] dengan permintaan beban amount sebesar 80 weightKg.
• vehicles[0] dengan batas beban maxLoad sebesar 100 weightKg.

Lihat contoh permintaan dengan permintaan dan batas muatan

{
  "populatePolylines": false,
  "populateTransitionPolylines": false,
  "model": {
    "globalStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
    "globalEndTime": "2023-01-14T16:00:00Z",
    "shipments": [
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789456,
              "longitude": -122.390192
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 100.0,
        "loadDemands": {
          "weightKg": {
            "amount": "50"
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789116,
              "longitude": -122.395080
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 15.0,
        "loadDemands": {
          "weightKg": {
            "amount": "10"
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.795242,
              "longitude": -122.399347
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        "pickups": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.794465,
              "longitude": -122.394839
            },
            "duration": "150s"
          }
        ],
        "penaltyCost": 50.0,
        "loadDemands": {
          "weightKg": {
            "amount": "80"
          }
        }
      }
    ],
    "vehicles": [
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerHour": 40.0,
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0,
        "loadLimits": {
          "weightKg": {
            "maxLoad": "100"
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
    

Contoh respons

Respons akan menampilkan rute yang dioptimalkan untuk kendaraan. Karena total muatan semua pengiriman melebihi kapasitas kendaraan, pengoptimal membuat urutan pengambilan dan pengiriman untuk memastikan loadLimits tidak dilanggar.

Melihat respons terhadap permintaan dengan permintaan dan batas beban

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-13T16:43:27Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
          "detour": "0s",
          "loadDemands": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "50"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 1,
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:02:30Z",
          "detour": "150s",
          "loadDemands": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "10"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:08:55Z",
          "detour": "150s",
          "loadDemands": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "-50"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 1,
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:16:37Z",
          "detour": "343s",
          "loadDemands": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "-10"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "isPickup": true,
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:27:07Z",
          "detour": "1627s",
          "loadDemands": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "80"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:36:26Z",
          "detour": "0s",
          "loadDemands": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "-80"
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {}
          }
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "0s",
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "0s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:02:30Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "50"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "235s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 795,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "235s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:05:00Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "60"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "212s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 791,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "212s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:13:05Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "10"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "380s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1190,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "380s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:20:47Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {}
          }
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "409s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1371,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "409s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:29:37Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "80"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "171s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 665,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "171s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:40:36Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {}
          }
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 3,
        "travelDuration": "1407s",
        "waitDuration": "0s",
        "delayDuration": "0s",
        "breakDuration": "0s",
        "visitDuration": "1200s",
        "totalDuration": "2607s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 4812,
        "maxLoads": {
          "weightKg": {
            "amount": "80"
          }
        }
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 48.12,
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 28.966666666666665
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 77.086666666666659
    }
  ],
  "metrics": {
    "aggregatedRouteMetrics": {
      "performedShipmentCount": 3,
      "travelDuration": "1407s",
      "waitDuration": "0s",
      "delayDuration": "0s",
      "breakDuration": "0s",
      "visitDuration": "1200s",
      "totalDuration": "2607s",
      "travelDistanceMeters": 4812,
      "maxLoads": {
        "weightKg": {
          "amount": "80"
        }
      }
    },
    "usedVehicleCount": 1,
    "earliestVehicleStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
    "latestVehicleEndTime": "2023-01-13T16:43:27Z",
    "totalCost": 77.086666666666659,
    "costs": {
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 28.966666666666665,
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 48.12
    }
  }
}
    

Karena gabungan loadDemands dari tiga pengiriman (50 + 10 + 80 = 140) melebihi loadLimits (100) kendaraan, kendaraan tidak dapat mengambil semua pengiriman sekaligus. Pengoptimal hanya mempertimbangkan rute yang tidak memuat shipment[0] dan shipment[2] di kendaraan pada saat yang sama, karena pengiriman ini melebihi batas muatan kendaraan dengan berat gabungannya.

Rute ini memiliki visits berikut agar tidak melebihi batas muatan kendaraan:

1. shipment[0] diambil
2. shipment[1] diambil
3. shipment[0] dikirim
4. shipment[1] dikirim
5. shipment[2] diambil
6. shipment[2] dikirim

Muatan kendaraan berubah di sepanjang rute, yang dapat Anda amati dalam array transitions. Misalnya, transitions[2] menunjukkan kendaraan yang membawa muatan 60 weightKg setelah mengambil dua pengiriman pertama (50 + 10).

Properti maxLoads di metrics menunjukkan bahwa muatan maksimum yang dibawa di titik mana pun dalam rute adalah 80 weightKg, yang mengonfirmasi bahwa solusi berhasil tetap berada dalam batas 100 weightKg kendaraan.

Batas beban yang dapat dilewati

Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menggunakan batas muatan fleksibel untuk mengoptimalkan rute dengan beberapa kendaraan. Solusi ini membagi pengiriman antara dua kendaraan untuk menghindari penalti biaya karena melebihi batas muatan fleksibel kendaraan.

Contoh permintaan

Permintaan ini sekarang mencakup tiga pengiriman khusus pengantaran dan dua kendaraan dengan loadLimits dan softMaxLoad yang sama.

Catatan: softMaxLoad hanya dapat digunakan pada rute yang muatan kendaraannya berubah dalam satu arah saja. Artinya, rute harus berisi semua pengambilan yang muatannya bertambah, atau semua pengiriman yang muatannya berkurang. Contoh ini hanya menggunakan pengiriman untuk memenuhi persyaratan ini.

Parameter utama untuk contoh ini adalah:

• Ketiga pengiriman tersebut memiliki loadDemands gabungan sebesar 140 weightKg (50
  • 60 + 30).
• Ada dua kendaraan yang tersedia dengan softMaxLoad "100" weightKg dan costPerUnitAboveSoftMax 5,0.

Lihat contoh permintaan dengan batas beban ringan

{
  "populatePolylines": false,
  "populateTransitionPolylines": false,
  "model": {
    "globalStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
    "globalEndTime": "2023-01-14T16:00:00Z",
    "shipments": [
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789456,
              "longitude": -122.390192
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        
        "loadDemands": {
          "weightKg": {
            "amount": "50"
          }
        }
        
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.789116,
              "longitude": -122.395080
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        
        "loadDemands": {
          "weightKg": {
            "amount": "60"
          }
        }
        
      },
      {
        "deliveries": [
          {
            "arrivalLocation": {
              "latitude": 37.795242,
              "longitude": -122.399347
            },
            "duration": "250s"
          }
        ],
        
        "loadDemands": {
          "weightKg": {
            "amount": "30"
          }
        }
        
      }
    ],
    "vehicles": [
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerHour": 40.0,
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0,
        
        "loadLimits": {
          "weightKg": {
            "maxLoad": "150",
            "softMaxLoad": "100",
            "costPerUnitAboveSoftMax": 5.0
          }
        }
        
      },
      {
        "endLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "startLocation": {
          "latitude": 37.794465,
          "longitude": -122.394839
        },
        "costPerHour": 40.0,
        "costPerKilometer": 10.0,
        
        "loadLimits": {
          "weightKg": {
            "maxLoad": "150",
            "softMaxLoad": "100",
            "costPerUnitAboveSoftMax": 5.0
          }
        }
        
      }
    ]
  }
}
    

Contoh respons

Respons kini berisi dua rute, satu rute untuk setiap kendaraan. Pengoptimal menentukan bahwa menggunakan kedua kendaraan lebih hemat biaya daripada menggunakan satu kendaraan dan dikenai penalti batas fleksibel.

Melihat respons terhadap permintaan dengan batas beban ringan

{
  "routes": [
    {
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-13T16:13:31Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:03:53Z",
          "detour": "0s",
          "loadDemands": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "-50"
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "233s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 794,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "233s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "50"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "328s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1188,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "328s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:08:03Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {}
          }
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 1,
        "travelDuration": "561s",
        "visitDuration": "250s",
        "totalDuration": "811s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 1982,
        "maxLoads": {
          "weightKg": {
            "amount": "50"
          }
        }
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 19.82,
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 9.01
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 28.83
    },
    {
      "vehicleIndex": 1,
      "vehicleStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
      "vehicleEndTime": "2023-01-13T16:21:43Z",
      "visits": [
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 1,
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:05:54Z",
          "detour": "0s",
          "loadDemands": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "-60"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "shipmentIndex": 2,
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:13:52Z",
          "detour": "473s",
          "loadDemands": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "-30"
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "transitions": [
        {
          "travelDuration": "354s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 1196,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "354s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "90"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "228s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 808,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "228s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:10:04Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {
              "amount": "30"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "travelDuration": "221s",
          "travelDistanceMeters": 655,
          "waitDuration": "0s",
          "totalDuration": "221s",
          "startTime": "2023-01-13T16:18:02Z",
          "vehicleLoads": {
            "weightKg": {}
          }
        }
      ],
      "metrics": {
        "performedShipmentCount": 2,
        "travelDuration": "803s",
        "visitDuration": "500s",
        "totalDuration": "1303s",
        "travelDistanceMeters": 2659,
        "maxLoads": {
          "weightKg": {
            "amount": "90"
          }
        }
      },
      "routeCosts": {
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 26.59,
        "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 14.48
      },
      "routeTotalCost": 41.07
    }
  ],
  "metrics": {
    "aggregatedRouteMetrics": {
      "performedShipmentCount": 3,
      "travelDuration": "1364s",
      "visitDuration": "750s",
      "totalDuration": "2114s",
      "travelDistanceMeters": 4641,
      "maxLoads": {
        "weightKg": {
          "amount": "90"
        }
      }
    },
    "usedVehicleCount": 2,
    "earliestVehicleStartTime": "2023-01-13T16:00:00Z",
    "latestVehicleEndTime": "2023-01-13T16:21:43Z",
    "totalCost": 69.90,
    "costs": {
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_kilometer": 46.41,
      "model.vehicles.cost_per_hour": 23.49
    }
  }
}
    

Kolom berikut menunjukkan cara pengoptimal membagi pengiriman di antara dua kendaraan untuk menjaga muatan di bawah batas fleksibel 100 weightKg.

• Rute pertama (vehicleIndex: 0) menangani pengiriman 50 weightKg. maxLoads-nya adalah "50", yang berada di bawah batas yang bisa dilewati.
• Rute kedua (vehicleIndex: 1) menangani pengiriman 60 dan 30 weightKg. maxLoads-nya adalah "90", yang juga berada di bawah batas yang bisa dilewati.
• Karena tidak ada kendaraan yang melanggar batas fleksibelnya, routeCosts untuk kedua rute tidak menunjukkan penalti costPerUnitAboveSoftMax.