评价摘要

评价摘要是来自评价网站的简短评价摘录或评分，通常是众多评价者给出的综合评分的平均值。当 Google 发现有效的评价或评分标记时，可能会显示丰富网页摘要，其中包含根据评价或评分得出的星级和其他摘要信息。除了文字评价之外，还有数字分制（如 1 到 5）的评分。评价摘要可能会出现在富媒体搜索结果或 Google 知识面板中。您可以为以下内容类型（和子类型）提供评分：

Google 搜索中的评价摘要

Google 还支持针对以下 schema.org 类型（及其子类型）的评价：

示例

您可以通过下面几种方法向网页添加 Review 结构化数据：

  • 添加简单评价。
  • 使用 review 属性将评价嵌入另一个 schema.org 类型。
  • 添加总体评分。如果您标记的内容同时包含作者和评价日期，则可以省略个别评价的评分。对于总体评价，您必须提供平均评分，才能显示丰富网页摘要。
  • 使用 aggregateRating 属性将总体评分嵌入另一个 schema.org 类型。

简单评价

下面是一个简单评价示例。

JSON-LD


<html>
  <head>
  <title>Legal Seafood</title>
    <script type="application/ld+json">
    {
      "@context": "https://schema.org/",
      "@type": "Review",
      "itemReviewed": {
        "@type": "Restaurant",
        "image": "https://www.example.com/seafood-restaurant.jpg",
        "name": "Legal Seafood",
        "servesCuisine": "Seafood",
        "priceRange": "$$$",
        "telephone": "1234567",
        "address" :{
          "@type": "PostalAddress",
          "streetAddress": "123 William St",
          "addressLocality": "New York",
          "addressRegion": "NY",
          "postalCode": "10038",
          "addressCountry": "US"
        }
      },
      "reviewRating": {
        "@type": "Rating",
        "ratingValue": "4"
      },
      "name": "A good seafood place.",
      "author": {
        "@type": "Person",
        "name": "Bob Smith"
      },
      "publisher": {
        "@type": "Organization",
        "name": "Washington Times"
      }
    }
    </script>
  </head>
  <body>
  </body>
</html>

RDFa


 <html>
  <head>
    <title>Legal Seafood</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div vocab="https://schema.org/" typeof="Review">
      <div property="itemReviewed" typeof="Restaurant">
        <img property="image" src="https://example.com/photos/1x1/seafood-restaurant.jpg" alt="Legal Seafood"/>
        <span property="name">Legal Seafood</span>
        <span property="servesCuisine">Seafood</span>
        <span property="priceRange">$$$</span>
        <span property="telephone">1234567</span>
        <span property="address">123 William St, New York</span>
      </div>
      <span property="reviewRating" typeof="Rating">
        <span property="ratingValue">4</span>
      </span> stars -
      <b>"<span property="name">A good seafood place.</span>" </b>
      <span property="author" typeof="Person">
        <span property="name">Bob Smith</span>
      </span>
      <div property="publisher" typeof="Organization">
        <meta property="name" content="Washington Times">
      </div>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

微数据


 <html>
  <head>
  <title>Legal Seafood</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Review">
      <div itemprop="itemReviewed" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Restaurant">
        <img itemprop="image" src="https://example.com/photos/1x1/seafood-restaurant.jpg" alt="Legal Seafood"/>
        <span itemprop="name">Legal Seafood</span>
        <span itemprop="servesCuisine">Seafood</span>
        <span itemprop="priceRange">$$$</span>
        <span itemprop="telephone">1234567</span>
        <span itemprop="address">123 William St, New York</span>
      </div>
      <span itemprop="reviewRating" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Rating">
        <span itemprop="ratingValue">4</span>
      </span> stars -
      <b>"<span itemprop="name">A good seafood place.</span>" </b>
      <span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person">
        <span itemprop="name">Bob Smith</span>
      </span>
      <div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization">
        <meta itemprop="name" content="Washington Times">
      </div>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

嵌套评价

下面是一个嵌入 Product 中的评价示例。您可以将该示例复制并粘贴到自己的 HTML 网页中。

JSON-LD


<html>
  <head>
    <title>The Catcher in the Rye</title>
    <script type="application/ld+json">
    {
      "@context": "https://schema.org/",
      "@type": "Product",
      "brand": {
        "@type": "Brand",
        "name": "Penguin Books"
      },
      "description": "The Catcher in the Rye is a classic coming-of-age story: an story of teenage alienation, capturing the human need for connection and the bewildering sense of loss as we leave childhood behind.",
      "sku": "9780241984758",
      "mpn": "925872",
      "image": "https://www.example.com/catcher-in-the-rye-book-cover.jpg",
      "name": "The Catcher in the Rye",
      "review": [{
        "@type": "Review",
        "reviewRating": {
          "@type": "Rating",
          "ratingValue": "5"
        },
        "author": {
          "@type": "Person",
          "name": "John Doe"
        }
       },
      {
        "@type": "Review",
        "reviewRating": {
          "@type": "Rating",
          "ratingValue": "1"
        },
        "author": {
          "@type": "Person",
          "name": "Jane Doe"
        }
      }],
      "aggregateRating": {
        "@type": "AggregateRating",
        "ratingValue": "88",
        "bestRating": "100",
        "ratingCount": "20"
      },
      "offers": {
        "@type": "Offer",
        "url": "https://example.com/offers/catcher-in-the-rye",
        "priceCurrency": "USD",
        "price": "5.99",
        "priceValidUntil": "2020-11-05",
        "itemCondition": "https://schema.org/UsedCondition",
        "availability": "https://schema.org/InStock",
        "seller": {
          "@type": "Organization",
          "name": "eBay"
        }
      }
    }
    </script>
  </head>
  <body>
  </body>
</html>

RDFa


 <html>
  <head>
    <title>The Catcher in the Rye</title>
  </head>
    <body>
      <div vocab="https://schema.org/" typeof="Product">
        <div rel="schema:brand">
          <div typeof="schema:Brand">
            <div property="schema:name" content="Penguin"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div property="schema:description" content="The Catcher in the Rye is a classic coming-of-age story: an story of teenage alienation, capturing the human need for connection and the bewildering sense of loss as we leave childhood behind."></div>
        <div property="schema:sku" content="9780241984758"></div>
        <div property="schema:mpn" content="925872"></div>
        <img property="image" src="https://example.com/photos/1x1/catcher-in-the-rye-book-cover.jpg" alt="Catcher in the Rye"/>
        <span property="name">The Catcher in the Rye</span>
        <div property="review" typeof="Review"> Reviews:
          <span property="reviewRating" typeof="Rating">
            <span property="ratingValue">5</span> -
          </span>
          <b>"<span property="name">A masterpiece of literature</span>" </b> by
          <span property="author" typeof="Person">
            <span property="name">John Doe</span></span>, written on
          <meta property="datePublished" content="2006-05-04">4 May 2006
          <div property="reviewBody">I really enjoyed this book. It captures the essential challenge people face as they try make sense of their lives and grow to adulthood.</div>
          <span property="publisher" typeof="Organization">
            <meta property="name" content="Washington Times">
          </span>
        </div><div property="review" typeof="Review">
          <span property="reviewRating" typeof="Rating">
            <span property="ratingValue">1</span> -
          </span>
          <b>"<span property="name">The worst thing I've ever read</span>" </b> by
          <span property="author" typeof="Person">
            <span property="name">Jane Doe</span></span>, written on
          <meta property="datePublished" content="2006-05-10">10 May 2006
          <span property="publisher" typeof="Organization">
            <meta property="name" content="Washington Times">
          </span>
        </div>
        <div rel="schema:aggregateRating">
          <div typeof="schema:AggregateRating">
            <div property="schema:reviewCount" content="89"></div>
            <div property="schema:ratingValue" content="4.4">4,4</div> stars
          </div>
        </div>
        <div rel="schema:offers">
          <div typeof="schema:Offer">
            <div property="schema:price" content="4.99"></div>
            <div property="schema:availability" content="https://schema.org/InStock"></div>
            <div property="schema:priceCurrency" content="GBP"></div>
            <div property="schema:priceValidUntil" datatype="xsd:date" content="2020-11-21"></div>
            <div rel="schema:url" resource="https://example.com/catcher"></div>
            <div property="schema:itemCondition" content="https://schema.org/UsedCondition"></div>
          </div>
        </div>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

微数据


 <html>
  <head>
    <title>The Catcher in the Rye</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Product">
      <div itemprop="brand" itemtype="https://schema.org/Brand" itemscope>
        <meta itemprop="name" content="Penguin" />
      </div>
      <meta itemprop="description" content="The Catcher in the Rye is a classic coming-of-age story: an story of teenage alienation, capturing the human need for connection and the bewildering sense of loss as we leave childhood behind." />
      <meta itemprop="sku" content="0446310786" />
      <meta itemprop="mpn" content="925872" />
      <img itemprop="image" src="https://example.com/photos/1x1/catcher-in-the-rye-book-cover.jpg" alt="Catcher in the Rye"/>
      <span itemprop="name">The Catcher in the Rye</span>
      <div itemprop="review" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Review"> Reviews:
        <span itemprop="reviewRating" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Rating">
          <span itemprop="ratingValue">5</span> -
        </span>
        <b>"<span itemprop="name">A masterpiece of literature</span>" </b> by
        <span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person">
          <span itemprop="name">John Doe</span></span>, written on
        <meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2006-05-04">4 May 2006
        <span itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization">
            <meta itemprop="name" content="Washington Times">
        </span>
      </div><div itemprop="review" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Review">
        <span itemprop="reviewRating" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Rating">
            <span itemprop="ratingValue">1</span> -
        </span>
        <b>"<span itemprop="name">The worst thing I've ever read</span>" </b> by
        <span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person">
          <span itemprop="name">Jane Doe</span></span>, written on
        <meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2006-05-10">10 May 2006
        <span itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization">
          <meta itemprop="name" content="Washington Times">
        </span>
      </div>
      <div itemprop="aggregateRating" itemtype="https://schema.org/AggregateRating" itemscope>
        <meta itemprop="reviewCount" content="89" />
        <span itemprop="ratingValue" content="4.4">4,4</span> stars
      </div>
      <div itemprop="offers" itemtype="https://schema.org/Offer" itemscope>
        <link itemprop="url" href="https://example.com/catcher" />
        <meta itemprop="availability" content="https://schema.org/InStock" />
        <meta itemprop="priceCurrency" content="GBP" />
        <meta itemprop="itemCondition" content="https://schema.org/UsedCondition" />
        <meta itemprop="price" content="4.99" />
        <meta itemprop="priceValidUntil" content="2020-11-21" />
      </div>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

总体评分

下面是一个总体评分示例。

JSON-LD


<html>
  <head>
    <title>Legal Seafood</title>
    <script type="application/ld+json">
    {
      "@context": "https://schema.org/",
      "@type": "AggregateRating",
      "itemReviewed": {
        "@type": "Restaurant",
        "image": "https://www.example.com/seafood-restaurant.jpg",
        "name": "Legal Seafood",
        "servesCuisine": "Seafood",
        "telephone": "1234567",
        "address" : {
          "@type": "PostalAddress",
          "streetAddress": "123 William St",
          "addressLocality": "New York",
          "addressRegion": "NY",
          "postalCode": "10038",
          "addressCountry": "US"
        }
      },
      "ratingValue": "88",
      "bestRating": "100",
      "ratingCount": "20"
    }
    </script>
  </head>
  <body>
  </body>
</html>

RDFa


 <html>
  <head>
    <title>Legal Seafood</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div vocab="https://schema.org/" typeof="AggregateRating">
      <div property="itemReviewed" typeof="Restaurant">
        <img property="image" src="https://example.com/photos/1x1/seafood-restaurant.jpg" alt="Legal Seafood"/>
        <span property="name">Legal Seafood</span>
        <span property="servesCuisine">Seafood</span>
        <span property="telephone">1234567</span>
        <span property="address">123 William St, New York</span>
      </div>
      <span property="ratingValue">4.2</span> out of <span property="bestRating">5</span> stars -
      <span property="ratingCount">123</span> votes
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

微数据


 <html>
  <head>
    <title>Legal Seafood</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/AggregateRating">
      <div itemprop="itemReviewed" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Restaurant">
        <img itemprop="image" src="https://example.com/photos/1x1/seafood-restaurant.jpg" alt="Legal Seafood"/>
        <span itemprop="name">Legal Seafood</span>
        <span itemprop="servesCuisine">Seafood</span>
        <span itemprop="telephone">1234567</span>
        <span itemprop="address">123 William St, New York</span>
      </div>
      <span itemprop="ratingValue">4.2</span> out of <span itemprop="bestRating">5</span> stars -
      <span itemprop="ratingCount">123</span> votes
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

嵌套总体评分

下面是一个嵌入 Product 中的总体评分示例。您可以将该示例复制并粘贴到自己的 HTML 网页中。

JSON-LD


<html>
  <head>
  <title>Executive Anvil</title>
  <script type="application/ld+json">
  {
    "@context": "https://schema.org/",
    "@type": "Product",
    "name": "Executive Anvil",
    "image": [
      "https://example.com/photos/1x1/photo.jpg",
      "https://example.com/photos/4x3/photo.jpg",
      "https://example.com/photos/16x9/photo.jpg"
     ],
    "brand": {
      "@type": "Brand",
      "name": "ACME"
    },
    "aggregateRating": {
      "@type": "AggregateRating",
      "ratingValue": "4.4",
      "ratingCount": "89"
    },
    "offers": {
      "@type": "AggregateOffer",
      "lowPrice": "119.99",
      "highPrice": "199.99",
      "priceCurrency": "USD"
    }
  }
  </script>
  </head>
  <body>
  </body>
</html>

RDFa


 <html>
  <head>
    <title>Executive Anvil</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div vocab="https://schema.org/" typeof="Product">
     <span property="brand" typeof="Brand">ACME</span> <span property="name">Executive Anvil</span>
     <img property="image" src="https://example.com/photos/1x1/anvil_executive.jpg" alt="Executive Anvil logo" />
     <span property="aggregateRating"
           typeof="AggregateRating">
      Average rating: <span property="ratingValue">4.4</span>, based on
      <span property="ratingCount">89</span> reviews
     </span>
     <span property="offers" typeof="AggregateOffer">
      from $<span property="lowPrice">119.99</span> to
      $<span property="highPrice">199.99</span>
      <meta property="priceCurrency" content="USD" />
     </span>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

微数据


 <html>
  <head>
    <title>Executive Anvil</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Product">
      <span itemprop="brand" itemtype="https://schema.org/Brand" itemscope>ACME</span> <span itemprop="name">Executive Anvil</span>
      <img itemprop="image" src="https://example.com/photos/1x1/anvil_executive.jpg" />
      <span itemprop="aggregateRating" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/AggregateRating">
        Average rating: <span itemprop="ratingValue">4.4</span>, based on
        <span itemprop="ratingCount">89</span> reviews
      </span>
      <span itemprop="offers" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/AggregateOffer">
        from $<span itemprop="lowPrice">119.99</span> to
        $<span itemprop="highPrice">199.99</span>
        <meta itemprop="priceCurrency" content="USD" />
      </span>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

指南

您的内容必须遵循以下指南，才能以富媒体搜索结果的形式呈现。

技术指南

  • 确保使用 schema.org/AggregateRating 来标记许多人对某项内容的总体评估。Google 可能会将总体评分显示为丰富网页摘要，对于某些类型的内容，也可能会显示为搜索结果中的答案。
  • 若想明确提及特定的产品或服务，可以将评价嵌套在另一种 schema.org 类型（如 schema.org/Book 或 schema.org/Recipe）的标记中，或者将一个 schema.org 类型用作 itemReviewed 属性的值。
  • 确保用户可以随时在标记的网页中查看您标记的评价和评分，并且能够一目了然地发现网页中包含评价内容。
  • 提供与具体项（而非项类别或项列表）有关的评价信息。
  • 如果您添加多条单独的评价，则还需要添加各条评价的汇总评分。
  • 请勿汇总来自其他网站的评价。
  • 如果评价摘要针对本地商家或组织，您必须遵循以下这些额外的指南：
    • 如果接受评价的实体能够控制其收到的评价，则使用 LocalBusiness 或任何其他类型的 Organization 结构化数据的网页无法使用星级评价功能。例如，将有关实体 A 的评价直接添加到结构化数据中或者通过嵌入式第三方微件将其呈现在实体 A 的网站上。
    • 评分必须直接来自用户。
    • 请勿依赖人工编辑来为本地商家创建、策划或编制评分信息。

结构化数据类型定义

要使您的结构化数据能够显示在搜索结果中，您必须为其添加必需的属性。您还可以添加建议的属性，以便向结构化数据添加更多信息，进而提供更好的用户体验。

Review

如需了解 Review 的完整定义，请访问 schema.org/Review。

必需的属性
author

Person 或 Organization

评价的作者。评价者的名称必须是一个有效的名称。例如，“周六之前享受五折优惠”就不是有效的评价者名称。

此字段的字符数必须小于 100 个。如果字符数超过 100 个，您的网页就无法显示基于作者的评价摘要。

为了帮助 Google 更好地了解各种功能中的作者，应该遵循作者标记最佳实践。

itemReviewed

有效的类型之一

被评价的项。但是，如果使用 review 属性将评价嵌入另一个 schema.org 类型的属性，可以省略 itemReviewed 属性。

被评项的有效类型是：
itemReviewed.name

Text

被评项的名称。如果使用 review 属性将评价嵌入另一个 schema.org 类型，您仍需提供被评项的 name。例如：


{
  "@context": "https://schema.org/",
  "@type": "Game",
  "name": "Firefly",
  "review": {
    "@type": "Review",
    "reviewRating": {
      "@type": "Rating",
      "ratingValue": "5"
    },
    "author": {
      "@type": "Person",
      "name": "John Doe"
    }
}
reviewRating

Rating

在相应评价中给出的评分。评分可以是嵌套的 Rating 或更具体的子类型。最典型的子类型是 AggregateRating。
reviewRating.ratingValue

Number 或 Text

相应项的质量评分（以数字表示），可以是数字、分数或百分比（例如，“4”、“60%”或“6/10”）。 Google 了解分数和百分比的分制，因为该分制隐含在分数本身或百分比中。数字的默认分制为 5 分制，1 为最低值，5 为最高值。如需采用其他分制，请使用 bestRating 和 worstRating。
建议属性
datePublished

Date

发布评价的日期，采用 ISO 8601 日期格式。

reviewRating.bestRating

Number

相应评分制中允许的最高值。如果省略 bestRating，系统会假定最高评分为 5 分。
reviewRating.worstRating

Number

相应评分制中允许的最低值。如果省略 worstRating，系统会假定最低评分为 1 分。

AggregateRating

如需了解 AggregateRating 的完整定义，请访问 schema.org/AggregateRating。

必需的属性
itemReviewed

有效的类型之一

被评分的项。如果使用 aggregateRating 属性将总体评分嵌入另一个 schema.org 类型的属性，可以省略 itemReviewed 属性。

被评项的有效类型是：
itemReviewed.name

Text

被评项的名称。如果使用 review 属性将评价嵌入另一个 schema.org 类型，您仍需提供被评项的 name。例如：


{
  "@context": "https://schema.org/",
  "@type": "Game",
  "name": "Firefly",
  "aggregateRating": {
    "@type": "AggregateRating",
    "ratingValue": "88",
    "bestRating": "100",
    "ratingCount": "20"
  }
}
ratingCount

Number

相应项在您的网站上获得的评分总数。至少需要 ratingCount 和 reviewCount 其中之一。
reviewCount

Number

指定给出评价的人数（无论是否附有评分）。至少需要 ratingCount 和 reviewCount 其中之一。

ratingValue

Number 或 Text

相应项的质量评分（以数字表示），可以是数字、分数或百分比（例如，“4”、“60%”或“6/10”）。 Google 了解分数和百分比的分制，因为该分制隐含在分数本身或百分比中。数字的默认分制为 5 分制，1 为最低值，5 为最高值。如需采用其他分制，请使用 bestRating 和 worstRating。
建议属性
bestRating

Number

相应评分制中允许的最高值。如果省略 bestRating，系统会假定最高评分为 5 分。
worstRating

Number

相应评分制中允许的最低值。如果省略 worstRating，系统会假定最低评分为 1 分。

问题排查

如果您在实施或调试结构化数据时遇到问题，请查看下面列出的一些实用资源。

  • 如果您使用了内容管理系统 (CMS) 或其他人负责管理您的网站，请向其寻求帮助。请务必向其转发列明问题细节的任何 Search Console 消息。
  • Google 不能保证使用结构化数据的功能一定会显示在搜索结果中。如需查看导致 Google 无法将您的内容显示为富媒体搜索结果的各种常见原因，请参阅结构化数据常规指南。
  • 您的结构化数据可能存在错误。请参阅结构化数据错误列表。
  • 如果您的网页受到结构化数据手动操作的影响，其中的结构化数据将会被忽略（但该网页仍可能会出现在 Google 搜索结果中）。如需修正结构化数据问题，请使用“人工处置措施”报告。
  • 再次查看相关指南，确认您的内容是否未遵循指南。问题可能是因为出现垃圾内容或使用垃圾标记导致的。不过，问题可能不是语法问题，因此富媒体搜索结果测试无法识别这些问题。
  • 针对富媒体搜索结果缺失/富媒体搜索结果总数下降进行问题排查。
  • 请等待一段时间，以便 Google 重新抓取您的网页并重新将其编入索引。请注意，网页发布后，Google 可能需要几天时间才会找到和抓取该网页。有关抓取和索引编制的常见问题，请参阅 Google 搜索抓取和索引编制常见问题解答。
  • 在 Google 搜索中心论坛中发帖提问。