Python 快速入门
使用集合让一切井井有条
根据您的偏好保存内容并对其进行分类。
创建一个向 Google Chat API 发出请求的 Python 命令行应用。
快速入门介绍了如何设置和运行调用 Google Workspace API 的应用。本快速入门使用一种简化的身份验证方法,该方法适用于测试环境。对于生产环境,我们建议您先了解身份验证和授权,然后再选择适合您应用的访问凭据。
本快速入门使用 Google Workspace 推荐的 API 客户端库来处理身份验证和授权流程的一些细节。
目标
- 设置环境。
- 安装客户端库。
- 设置示例。
- 运行示例。
前提条件
如需运行本快速入门,您需要满足以下前提条件:
设置环境
如需完成本快速入门,请设置您的环境。
启用 API
在使用 Google API 之前,您需要在 Google Cloud 项目中将其开启。
您可以在单个 Google Cloud 项目中启用一个或多个 API。
如果您要使用新的 Google Cloud 项目完成本快速入门,请配置 OAuth 同意屏幕。如果您已为 Cloud 项目完成此步骤,请跳至下一部分。
-
在 Google Cloud 控制台中,依次前往菜单 menu
> Google Auth platform
> 品牌推广。
前往“品牌推广”
-
如果您已配置 Google Auth platform,则可以在品牌、受众群体和数据访问中配置以下 OAuth 权限请求页面设置。如果您看到一条消息,指出Google Auth platform 尚未配置,请点击开始:
- 在应用信息下,在应用名称中输入应用的名称。
-
在用户支持电子邮件中,选择一个支持电子邮件地址,以便用户在对自己的同意情况有疑问时与您联系。
-
点击下一步。
-
在受众群体下,选择内部。
-
点击下一步。
-
在联系信息下,输入一个电子邮件地址,以便您接收有关项目变更的通知。
-
点击下一步。
-
在完成部分,查看 Google API 服务用户数据政策,如果您同意该政策,请选择我同意《Google API 服务:用户数据政策》。
-
点击继续。
-
点击创建。
-
目前,您可以跳过添加范围的步骤。
未来,如果您创建的应用供 Google Workspace 组织以外的用户使用,则必须将用户类型更改为外部。然后,添加应用所需的授权范围。如需了解详情,请参阅完整的配置 OAuth 同意指南。
为桌面应用授权凭据
如需对最终用户进行身份验证并访问应用中的用户数据,您需要创建一个或多个 OAuth 2.0 客户端 ID。客户端 ID 用于向 Google 的 OAuth 服务器标识单个应用。如果您的应用在多个平台上运行,您必须为每个平台分别创建客户端 ID。
-
在 Google Cloud 控制台中,依次前往“菜单”图标 menu
> Google Auth platform
> 客户端。
前往“客户”页面
- 点击创建客户端。
- 依次点击应用类型 > 桌面应用。
- 在名称字段中,输入凭据的名称。此名称仅在 Google Cloud 控制台中显示。
- 点击创建。
新创建的凭据会显示在“OAuth 2.0 客户端 ID”下。
- 将下载的 JSON 文件另存为
credentials.json
,然后将该文件移动到您的工作目录。
如需调用 Google Chat API,您必须配置 Google Chat 应用。对于任何写入请求,Google Chat 都会使用以下信息在界面中归因 Google Chat 应用。
在 Google Cloud 控制台中,前往 Chat API 配置页面:
前往“Chat API 配置”页面
在应用信息下,输入以下信息:
- 在应用名称字段中,输入
Chat API quickstart app
。
- 在头像网址字段中,输入
https://developers.google.com/chat/images/quickstart-app-avatar.png
。
- 在说明字段中,输入
Quickstart for calling the Chat API
。
在互动功能下,点击启用互动功能切换开关,将其切换到关闭位置,以停用 Chat 应用的互动功能。
点击保存。
安装 Google 客户端库
安装 Python 版 Google 客户端库:
pip install --upgrade google-apps-chat google-auth-httplib2 google-auth-oauthlib
- 在工作目录中,创建一个名为
quickstart.py
的文件。
在 quickstart.py
中添加以下代码:
运行示例
在工作目录中,构建并运行示例:
python3 quickstart.py
-
首次运行该示例时,系统会提示您授权访问:
-
如果您尚未登录 Google 账号,请在系统提示时登录。如果您登录了多个账号,请选择一个账号用于授权。
- 点击接受。
您的 Python 应用运行并调用 Google Chat API。
授权信息存储在文件系统中,因此下次运行示例代码时,系统不会提示您进行授权。
后续步骤
如未另行说明,那么本页面中的内容已根据知识共享署名 4.0 许可获得了许可,并且代码示例已根据 Apache 2.0 许可获得了许可。有关详情,请参阅 Google 开发者网站政策。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-08-29。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-08-29。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis quickstart demonstrates how to create a Python command-line application that utilizes the Google Chat API to list available spaces.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eBefore running the sample, you'll need to set up your environment, which includes enabling the Google Chat API, configuring the OAuth consent screen, authorizing credentials, and configuring a Google Chat app.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe sample uses the Google client library for Python to handle authentication and interaction with the API; you'll need to install the necessary libraries using pip.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eAfter configuring the sample code provided, you can run it to authenticate and make requests to the Google Chat API, such as listing spaces based on specified filters.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eFor production environments, it's recommended to learn more about authentication, authorization, and appropriate access credentials in the provided links before implementing your own applications.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["This content outlines how to set up and run a Python command-line application that interacts with the Google Chat API. Key actions include: enabling the Google Chat API in a Google Cloud project, configuring the OAuth consent screen and client ID, creating a Google Chat app, and installing the necessary client libraries. A `quickstart.py` file is then configured with code, and the sample is run via `python3 quickstart.py`. The first run requires authorizing access through a Google account, with subsequent runs automatically using stored credentials.\n"],null,["Create a Python command-line application that makes requests to the\nGoogle Chat API.\n\nQuickstarts explain how to set up and run an app that calls a\nGoogle Workspace API. This quickstart uses a\nsimplified authentication approach that is appropriate for a testing\nenvironment. For a production environment, we recommend learning about\n[authentication and authorization](/workspace/guides/auth-overview)\nbefore\n[choosing the access credentials](/workspace/guides/create-credentials#choose_the_access_credential_that_is_right_for_you)\nthat are appropriate for your app.\n\nThis quickstart uses Google Workspace's recommended API client libraries\nto handle some details of the authentication and authorization flow.\n\nObjectives\n\n- Set up your environment.\n- Install the client library.\n- Set up the sample.\n- Run the sample.\n\nPrerequisites\n\nTo run this quickstart, you need the following prerequisites:\n\n- Python 3.10.7 or greater\n- The [pip](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip) package management tool\n- [A Google Cloud project](/workspace/guides/create-project).\n\n\n- A Business or Enterprise [Google Workspace](//support.google.com/a/answer/6043576) account with access to [Google Chat](//workspace.google.com/products/chat/).\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nSet up your environment\n\nTo complete this quickstart, set up your environment.\n\nEnable the API Before using Google APIs, you need to turn them on in a Google Cloud project. You can turn on one or more APIs in a single Google Cloud project.\n\n- In the Google Cloud console, enable the Google Chat API.\n\n [Enable the API](https://console.cloud.google.com/flows/enableapi?apiid=chat.googleapis.com)\n\nConfigure the OAuth consent screen\n\nIf you're using a new Google Cloud project to complete this quickstart, configure\nthe OAuth consent screen. If you've already\ncompleted this step for your Cloud project, skip to the next section.\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to Menu menu \\\u003e **Google Auth platform** \\\u003e **Branding** .\n\n [Go to Branding](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/branding)\n2. If you have already configured the Google Auth platform, you can configure the following OAuth Consent Screen settings in [Branding](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/branding), [Audience](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/audience), and [Data Access](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/scopes). If you see a message that says **Google Auth platform not configured yet** , click **Get Started**:\n 1. Under **App Information** , in **App name**, enter a name for the app.\n 2. In **User support email**, choose a support email address where users can contact you if they have questions about their consent.\n 3. Click **Next**.\n 4. Under **Audience** , select **Internal**.\n 5. Click **Next**.\n 6. Under **Contact Information** , enter an **Email address** where you can be notified about any changes to your project.\n 7. Click **Next**.\n 8. Under **Finish** , review the [Google API Services User Data Policy](https://developers.google.com/terms/api-services-user-data-policy) and if you agree, select **I agree to the Google API Services: User Data Policy**.\n 9. Click **Continue**.\n 10. Click **Create**.\n3. For now, you can skip adding scopes. In the future, when you create an app for use outside of your Google Workspace organization, you must change the **User type** to **External** . Then add the authorization scopes that your app requires. To learn more, see the full [Configure OAuth consent](/workspace/guides/configure-oauth-consent) guide.\n\nAuthorize credentials for a desktop application To authenticate end users and access user data in your app, you need to create one or more OAuth 2.0 Client IDs. A client ID is used to identify a single app to Google's OAuth servers. If your app runs on multiple platforms, you must create a separate client ID for each platform.\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to Menu menu \\\u003e **Google Auth platform** \\\u003e **Clients** .\n\n [Go to Clients](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/clients)\n2. Click **Create Client**.\n3. Click **Application type** \\\u003e **Desktop app**.\n4. In the **Name** field, type a name for the credential. This name is only shown in the Google Cloud console.\n5. Click **Create** .\n\n\n The newly created credential appears under \"OAuth 2.0 Client IDs.\"\n6. Save the downloaded JSON file as `credentials.json`, and move the file to your working directory.\n\nConfigure the Google Chat app\n\nTo call the Google Chat API, you must configure a\nGoogle Chat app. For any write requests, Google Chat\nattributes the Google Chat app in the UI using\nthe following information.\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Chat API **Configuration** page:\n\n [Go to Chat API Configuration page](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/chat.googleapis.com/hangouts-chat)\n2. Under **Application info**, enter the following information:\n\n 1. In the **App name** field, enter `Chat API quickstart app`.\n 2. In the **Avatar URL** field, enter `https://developers.google.com/chat/images/quickstart-app-avatar.png`.\n 3. In the **Description** field, enter `Quickstart for calling the Chat API`.\n3. Under **Interactive features** , click the **Enable interactive features**\n toggle to the off position to disable interactive features for the\n Chat app.\n\n4. Click **Save**.\n\nInstall the Google client library\n\n- Install the Google client library for Python:\n\n pip install --upgrade google-apps-chat google-auth-httplib2 google-auth-oauthlib\n\nConfigure the sample\n\n1. In your working directory, create a file named `quickstart.py`.\n2. Include the following code in `quickstart.py`:\n\n\n chat/quickstart/quickstart.py \n [View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/python-samples/blob/main/chat/quickstart/quickstart.py) \n\n ```python\n from __future__ import print_function\n\n import os.path\n\n from google.auth.transport.requests import Request\n from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials\n from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow\n from google.apps import chat_v1 as google_chat\n\n\n # If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json.\n SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/chat.spaces.readonly']\n\n\n def main():\n \"\"\"Shows basic usage of the Google Chat API.\n \"\"\"\n creds = None\n # The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is\n # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first\n # time.\n if os.path.exists('token.json'):\n creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file('token.json', SCOPES)\n # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.\n if not creds or not creds.valid:\n if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:\n creds.refresh(Request())\n else:\n flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(\n 'credentials.json', SCOPES)\n creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)\n # Save the credentials for the next run\n with open('token.json', 'w') as token:\n token.write(creds.to_json())\n\n try:\n # Create a client\n client = google_chat.ChatServiceClient(\n credentials = creds,\n client_options = {\n \"scopes\" : SCOPES\n }\n )\n\n # Initialize request argument(s)\n request = google_chat.ListSpacesRequest(\n # Filter spaces by space type (SPACE or GROUP_CHAT or DIRECT_MESSAGE)\n filter = 'space_type = \"SPACE\"'\n )\n\n # Make the request\n page_result = client.list_spaces(request)\n\n # Handle the response. Iterating over page_result will yield results and\n # resolve additional pages automatically.\n for response in page_result:\n print(response)\n except Exception as error:\n # TODO(developer) - Handle errors from Chat API.\n print(f'An error occurred: {error}')\n\n\n if __name__ == '__main__':\n main()\n ```\n\n \u003cbr /\u003e\n\n \u003cbr /\u003e\n\nRun the sample\n\n1. In your working directory, build and run the sample:\n\n python3 quickstart.py\n\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\n2. The first time you run the sample, it prompts you to authorize access:\n 1. If you're not already signed in to your Google Account, sign in when prompted. If you're signed in to multiple accounts, select one account to use for authorization.\n 2. Click **Accept**.\n\n\n Your Python application runs and calls the Google Chat API.\n\n\n Authorization information is stored in the file system, so the next time you run the sample\n code, you aren't prompted for authorization.\n\nNext steps\n\n- [Try the Google Workspace APIs in the APIs explorer](/workspace/explore)\n\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\n- [Client library documentation](https://googleapis.dev/python/google-apps-chat/latest/)"]]