对于基于 HTTP 端点构建的应用,本部分介绍如何验证对端点的请求是否来自 Chat。
为了将互动事件分派给 Chat 应用的端点,Google 会向您的服务发出请求。为了验证请求是否来自 Google,Chat 会在发送到端点的每个 HTTPS 请求的 Authorization
标头中添加不记名令牌。例如:
POST
Host: yourappurl.com
Authorization: Bearer AbCdEf123456
Content-Type: application/json
User-Agent: Google-Dynamite
上例中的字符串 AbCdEf123456
是不记名身份验证令牌。这是 Google 生成的加密令牌。您可以使用开源 Google API 客户端库验证您的不记名令牌:
- Java:https://github.com/google/google-api-java-client
- Python:https://github.com/google/google-api-python-client
- Node.js:https://github.com/google/google-api-java-client
- .NET:https://github.com/google/google-api-dotnet-client
对于在 Chat 请求中发送的不记名令牌,颁发者为 chat@system.gserviceaccount.com
,并且 audience
字段设置为您用于构建 Chat 应用的 Google Cloud 项目的编号。例如,如果您的 Chat 应用的 Cloud 项目编号为 1234567890
,则不记名令牌中的 audience
字段为 1234567890
。
如果令牌未针对 Chat 应用进行验证,您的服务应使用 HTTPS 响应代码 401 (Unauthorized)
来响应请求。
Java
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Collections;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleIdToken;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleIdTokenVerifier;
import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GooglePublicKeysManager;
import com.google.api.client.http.apache.ApacheHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.client.json.JsonFactory;
/** Tool for verifying JWT Tokens for Apps in Google Chat. */
public class JWTVerify {
// Bearer Tokens received by apps will always specify this issuer.
static String CHAT_ISSUER = "chat@system.gserviceaccount.com";
// Url to obtain the public certificate for the issuer.
static String PUBLIC_CERT_URL_PREFIX =
"https://www.googleapis.com/service_accounts/v1/metadata/x509/";
// Intended audience of the token, which is the project number of the app.
static String AUDIENCE = "1234567890";
// Get this value from the request's Authorization HTTPS header.
// For example, for "Authorization: Bearer AbCdEf123456" use "AbCdEf123456"
static String BEARER_TOKEN = "AbCdEf123456";
public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
JsonFactory factory = new GsonFactory();
GooglePublicKeysManager.Builder keyManagerBuilder =
new GooglePublicKeysManager.Builder(new ApacheHttpTransport(), factory);
String certUrl = PUBLIC_CERT_URL_PREFIX + CHAT_ISSUER;
keyManagerBuilder.setPublicCertsEncodedUrl(certUrl);
GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder verifierBuilder =
new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(keyManagerBuilder.build());
verifierBuilder.setIssuer(CHAT_ISSUER);
GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifier = verifierBuilder.build();
GoogleIdToken idToken = GoogleIdToken.parse(factory, BEARER_TOKEN);
if (idToken == null) {
System.out.println("Token cannot be parsed");
System.exit(-1);
}
// Verify valid token, signed by CHAT_ISSUER, intended for a third party.
if (!verifier.verify(idToken)
|| !idToken.verifyAudience(Collections.singletonList(AUDIENCE))
|| !idToken.verifyIssuer(CHAT_ISSUER)) {
System.out.println("Invalid token");
System.exit(-1);
}
// Token originates from Google and is targeted to a specific client.
System.out.println("The token is valid");
}
}
Python
import sys
from google.oauth2 import id_token
from google.auth.transport import requests
# Bearer Tokens received by apps will always specify this issuer.
CHAT_ISSUER = 'chat@system.gserviceaccount.com'
# Url to obtain the public certificate for the issuer.
PUBLIC_CERT_URL_PREFIX = 'https://www.googleapis.com/service_accounts/v1/metadata/x509/'
# Intended audience of the token, which will be the project number of the app.
AUDIENCE = '1234567890'
# Get this value from the request's Authorization HTTPS header.
# For example, for 'Authorization: Bearer AbCdEf123456' use 'AbCdEf123456'.
BEARER_TOKEN = 'AbCdEf123456'
try:
# Verify valid token, signed by CHAT_ISSUER, intended for a third party.
request = requests.Request()
certs_url = PUBLIC_CERT_URL_PREFIX + CHAT_ISSUER
token = id_token.verify_token(BEARER_TOKEN, request, AUDIENCE, certs_url)
if token['iss'] != CHAT_ISSUER:
sys.exit('Invalid issuer')
except:
sys.exit('Invalid token')
# Token originates from Google and is targeted to a specific client.
print('The token is valid')
Node.js
import fetch from 'node-fetch';
import {OAuth2Client} from 'google-auth-library';
// Bearer Tokens received by apps will always specify this issuer.
const CHAT_ISSUER = 'chat@system.gserviceaccount.com';
// Url to obtain the public certificate for the issuer.
const PUBLIC_CERT_URL_PREFIX =
'https://www.googleapis.com/service_accounts/v1/metadata/x509/';
// Intended audience of the token, which is the project number of the app.
const AUDIENCE = '1234567890';
// Get this value from the request's Authorization HTTPS header.
// For example, for "Authorization: Bearer AbCdEf123456" use "AbCdEf123456"
const BEARER_TOKEN = 'AbCdEf123456';
const client = new OAuth2Client();
/** Verifies JWT Tokens for Apps in Google Chat. */
async function verify() {
// Verify valid token, signed by CHAT_ISSUER, intended for a third party.
try {
const response = await fetch(PUBLIC_CERT_URL_PREFIX + CHAT_ISSUER);
const certs = await response.json();
const ticket = await client.verifySignedJwtWithCertsAsync(
BEARER_TOKEN, certs, AUDIENCE, [CHAT_ISSUER]);
} catch (unused) {
console.error('Invalid token');
process.exit(1);
}
// Token originates from Google and is targeted to a specific client.
console.log('The token is valid');
}
verify();
相关主题
- 如需简要了解 Google Workspace 中的身份验证和授权,请参阅了解身份验证和授权。
- 如需简要了解 Chat 中的身份验证和授权,请参阅身份验证概览。
- 使用用户凭据或服务帐号设置身份验证和授权。