এই বিভাগটি একটি অ্যাসাইনমেন্ট সমস্যা বর্ণনা করে যেখানে প্রতিটি টাস্কের একটি আকার থাকে, যা বোঝায় যে টাস্কটির জন্য কত সময় বা প্রচেষ্টা প্রয়োজন। প্রতিটি কর্মীর দ্বারা সম্পাদিত কাজের মোট আকারের একটি নির্দিষ্ট সীমা রয়েছে।
আমরা পাইথন প্রোগ্রামগুলি উপস্থাপন করব যা CP-SAT সমাধানকারী এবং MIP সমাধানকারী ব্যবহার করে এই সমস্যার সমাধান করে।
CP-SAT সমাধান
প্রথমে, আসুন CP-SAT সমস্যাটির সমাধানটি দেখে নেওয়া যাক।
লাইব্রেরি আমদানি করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোড প্রয়োজনীয় লাইব্রেরি আমদানি করে।
পাইথন
from ortools.sat.python import cp_model
সি++
#include <stdlib.h> #include <cstdint> #include <numeric> #include <vector> #include "absl/strings/str_format.h" #include "ortools/base/logging.h" #include "ortools/sat/cp_model.h" #include "ortools/sat/cp_model.pb.h" #include "ortools/sat/cp_model_solver.h"
জাভা
import com.google.ortools.Loader; import com.google.ortools.sat.CpModel; import com.google.ortools.sat.CpSolver; import com.google.ortools.sat.CpSolverStatus; import com.google.ortools.sat.LinearExpr; import com.google.ortools.sat.LinearExprBuilder; import com.google.ortools.sat.Literal; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.IntStream;
সি#
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Google.OrTools.Sat;
ডেটা সংজ্ঞায়িত করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোড প্রোগ্রামের জন্য ডেটা তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
costs = [
[90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68],
[35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83],
[125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73],
[45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71],
[60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88],
[45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34],
[38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48],
[47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36],
[39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61],
[47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90],
]
num_workers = len(costs)
num_tasks = len(costs[0])
task_sizes = [10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5]
# Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
total_size_max = 15সি++
const std::vector<std::vector<int>> costs = {{
{{90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68}},
{{35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83}},
{{125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73}},
{{45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71}},
{{60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88}},
{{45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34}},
{{38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48}},
{{47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36}},
{{39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61}},
{{47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90}},
}};
const int num_workers = static_cast<int>(costs.size());
std::vector<int> all_workers(num_workers);
std::iota(all_workers.begin(), all_workers.end(), 0);
const int num_tasks = static_cast<int>(costs[0].size());
std::vector<int> all_tasks(num_tasks);
std::iota(all_tasks.begin(), all_tasks.end(), 0);
const std::vector<int64_t> task_sizes = {{10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5}};
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
const int total_size_max = 15;জাভা
int[][] costs = {
{90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68},
{35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83},
{125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73},
{45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71},
{60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88},
{45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34},
{38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48},
{47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36},
{39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61},
{47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90},
};
final int numWorkers = costs.length;
final int numTasks = costs[0].length;
final int[] allWorkers = IntStream.range(0, numWorkers).toArray();
final int[] allTasks = IntStream.range(0, numTasks).toArray();
final int[] taskSizes = {10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5};
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
final int totalSizeMax = 15;সি#
int[,] costs = {
{ 90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68 }, { 35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83 },
{ 125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73 }, { 45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71 },
{ 60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88 }, { 45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34 },
{ 38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48 }, { 47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36 },
{ 39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61 }, { 47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90 },
};
int numWorkers = costs.GetLength(0);
int numTasks = costs.GetLength(1);
int[] allWorkers = Enumerable.Range(0, numWorkers).ToArray();
int[] allTasks = Enumerable.Range(0, numTasks).ToArray();
int[] taskSizes = { 10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5 };
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
int totalSizeMax = 15; পূর্ববর্তী উদাহরণগুলির মতো, খরচ ম্যাট্রিক্স কর্মী i কাজ j সম্পাদনের জন্য খরচ দেয়। sizes ভেক্টর প্রতিটি কাজের আকার দেয়। total_size_max হল যে কোন একক কর্মীর দ্বারা সম্পাদিত কাজের মোট আকারের উপরের সীমা।
মডেল তৈরি করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোড মডেল তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
model = cp_model.CpModel()
সি++
CpModelBuilder cp_model;
জাভা
CpModel model = new CpModel();
সি#
CpModel model = new CpModel();
ভেরিয়েবল তৈরি করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোডটি সমস্যার জন্য ভেরিয়েবলের একটি অ্যারে তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
x = {}
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
x[worker, task] = model.new_bool_var(f"x[{worker},{task}]")সি++
// x[i][j] is an array of Boolean variables. x[i][j] is true
// if worker i is assigned to task j.
std::vector<std::vector<BoolVar>> x(num_workers,
std::vector<BoolVar>(num_tasks));
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
x[worker][task] = cp_model.NewBoolVar().WithName(
absl::StrFormat("x[%d,%d]", worker, task));
}
}জাভা
Literal[][] x = new Literal[numWorkers][numTasks];
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
x[worker][task] = model.newBoolVar("x[" + worker + "," + task + "]");
}
}সি#
BoolVar[,] x = new BoolVar[numWorkers, numTasks];
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
x[worker, task] = model.NewBoolVar($"x[{worker},{task}]");
}
}সীমাবদ্ধতা যোগ করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোড প্রোগ্রামের জন্য সীমাবদ্ধতা তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
# Each worker is assigned to at most one task.
for worker in range(num_workers):
model.add(
sum(task_sizes[task] * x[worker, task] for task in range(num_tasks))
<= total_size_max
)
# Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for task in range(num_tasks):
model.add_exactly_one(x[worker, task] for worker in range(num_workers))সি++
// Each worker is assigned to at most one task.
for (int worker : all_workers) {
LinearExpr task_sum;
for (int task : all_tasks) {
task_sum += x[worker][task] * task_sizes[task];
}
cp_model.AddLessOrEqual(task_sum, total_size_max);
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for (int task : all_tasks) {
std::vector<BoolVar> tasks;
for (int worker : all_workers) {
tasks.push_back(x[worker][task]);
}
cp_model.AddExactlyOne(tasks);
}জাভা
// Each worker has a maximum capacity.
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
LinearExprBuilder expr = LinearExpr.newBuilder();
for (int task : allTasks) {
expr.addTerm(x[worker][task], taskSizes[task]);
}
model.addLessOrEqual(expr, totalSizeMax);
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for (int task : allTasks) {
List<Literal> workers = new ArrayList<>();
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
workers.add(x[worker][task]);
}
model.addExactlyOne(workers);
}সি#
// Each worker is assigned to at most max task size.
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
BoolVar[] vars = new BoolVar[numTasks];
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
vars[task] = x[worker, task];
}
model.Add(LinearExpr.WeightedSum(vars, taskSizes) <= totalSizeMax);
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
List<ILiteral> workers = new List<ILiteral>();
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
workers.Add(x[worker, task]);
}
model.AddExactlyOne(workers);
}উদ্দেশ্য তৈরি করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোডটি উদ্দেশ্য ফাংশন তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
objective_terms = []
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
objective_terms.append(costs[worker][task] * x[worker, task])
model.minimize(sum(objective_terms))সি++
LinearExpr total_cost;
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
total_cost += x[worker][task] * costs[worker][task];
}
}
cp_model.Minimize(total_cost);জাভা
LinearExprBuilder obj = LinearExpr.newBuilder();
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
obj.addTerm(x[worker][task], costs[worker][task]);
}
}
model.minimize(obj);সি#
LinearExprBuilder obj = LinearExpr.NewBuilder();
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
obj.AddTerm(x[worker, task], costs[worker, task]);
}
}
model.Minimize(obj);সমাধানকারীকে আহ্বান করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোডটি সমাধানকারীকে আহ্বান করে।
পাইথন
solver = cp_model.CpSolver() status = solver.solve(model)
সি++
const CpSolverResponse response = Solve(cp_model.Build());
জাভা
CpSolver solver = new CpSolver(); CpSolverStatus status = solver.solve(model);
সি#
CpSolver solver = new CpSolver();
CpSolverStatus status = solver.Solve(model);
Console.WriteLine($"Solve status: {status}");ফলাফল প্রদর্শন করুন
এখন, আমরা সমাধান মুদ্রণ করতে পারেন.
পাইথন
if status == cp_model.OPTIMAL or status == cp_model.FEASIBLE:
print(f"Total cost = {solver.objective_value}\n")
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
if solver.boolean_value(x[worker, task]):
print(
f"Worker {worker} assigned to task {task}."
+ f" Cost = {costs[worker][task]}"
)
else:
print("No solution found.")সি++
if (response.status() == CpSolverStatus::INFEASIBLE) {
LOG(FATAL) << "No solution found.";
}
LOG(INFO) << "Total cost: " << response.objective_value();
LOG(INFO);
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
if (SolutionBooleanValue(response, x[worker][task])) {
LOG(INFO) << "Worker " << worker << " assigned to task " << task
<< ". Cost: " << costs[worker][task];
}
}
}জাভা
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (status == CpSolverStatus.OPTIMAL || status == CpSolverStatus.FEASIBLE) {
System.out.println("Total cost: " + solver.objectiveValue() + "\n");
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
if (solver.booleanValue(x[worker][task])) {
System.out.println("Worker " + worker + " assigned to task " + task
+ ". Cost: " + costs[worker][task]);
}
}
}
} else {
System.err.println("No solution found.");
}সি#
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (status == CpSolverStatus.Optimal || status == CpSolverStatus.Feasible)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Total cost: {solver.ObjectiveValue}\n");
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
if (solver.Value(x[worker, task]) > 0.5)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Worker {worker} assigned to task {task}. " +
$"Cost: {costs[worker, task]}");
}
}
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("No solution found.");
}এখানে প্রোগ্রামের আউটপুট.
Minimum cost: 326 Worker 0 assigned to task 6 Cost = 12 Worker 1 assigned to task 0 Cost = 35 Worker 1 assigned to task 2 Cost = 55 Worker 2 assigned to task 4 Cost = 59 Worker 5 assigned to task 5 Cost = 31 Worker 5 assigned to task 7 Cost = 34 Worker 6 assigned to task 1 Cost = 51 Worker 8 assigned to task 3 Cost = 49 Time = 2.2198 seconds
পুরো প্রোগ্রাম
এখানে সম্পূর্ণ প্রোগ্রাম.
পাইথন
"""Solves a simple assignment problem."""
from ortools.sat.python import cp_model
def main() -> None:
# Data
costs = [
[90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68],
[35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83],
[125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73],
[45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71],
[60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88],
[45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34],
[38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48],
[47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36],
[39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61],
[47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90],
]
num_workers = len(costs)
num_tasks = len(costs[0])
task_sizes = [10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5]
# Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
total_size_max = 15
# Model
model = cp_model.CpModel()
# Variables
x = {}
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
x[worker, task] = model.new_bool_var(f"x[{worker},{task}]")
# Constraints
# Each worker is assigned to at most one task.
for worker in range(num_workers):
model.add(
sum(task_sizes[task] * x[worker, task] for task in range(num_tasks))
<= total_size_max
)
# Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for task in range(num_tasks):
model.add_exactly_one(x[worker, task] for worker in range(num_workers))
# Objective
objective_terms = []
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
objective_terms.append(costs[worker][task] * x[worker, task])
model.minimize(sum(objective_terms))
# Solve
solver = cp_model.CpSolver()
status = solver.solve(model)
# Print solution.
if status == cp_model.OPTIMAL or status == cp_model.FEASIBLE:
print(f"Total cost = {solver.objective_value}\n")
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
if solver.boolean_value(x[worker, task]):
print(
f"Worker {worker} assigned to task {task}."
+ f" Cost = {costs[worker][task]}"
)
else:
print("No solution found.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()সি++
// Solve assignment problem.
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cstdint>
#include <numeric>
#include <vector>
#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
#include "ortools/base/logging.h"
#include "ortools/sat/cp_model.h"
#include "ortools/sat/cp_model.pb.h"
#include "ortools/sat/cp_model_solver.h"
namespace operations_research {
namespace sat {
void AssignmentTaskSizes() {
// Data
const std::vector<std::vector<int>> costs = {{
{{90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68}},
{{35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83}},
{{125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73}},
{{45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71}},
{{60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88}},
{{45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34}},
{{38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48}},
{{47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36}},
{{39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61}},
{{47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90}},
}};
const int num_workers = static_cast<int>(costs.size());
std::vector<int> all_workers(num_workers);
std::iota(all_workers.begin(), all_workers.end(), 0);
const int num_tasks = static_cast<int>(costs[0].size());
std::vector<int> all_tasks(num_tasks);
std::iota(all_tasks.begin(), all_tasks.end(), 0);
const std::vector<int64_t> task_sizes = {{10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5}};
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
const int total_size_max = 15;
// Model
CpModelBuilder cp_model;
// Variables
// x[i][j] is an array of Boolean variables. x[i][j] is true
// if worker i is assigned to task j.
std::vector<std::vector<BoolVar>> x(num_workers,
std::vector<BoolVar>(num_tasks));
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
x[worker][task] = cp_model.NewBoolVar().WithName(
absl::StrFormat("x[%d,%d]", worker, task));
}
}
// Constraints
// Each worker is assigned to at most one task.
for (int worker : all_workers) {
LinearExpr task_sum;
for (int task : all_tasks) {
task_sum += x[worker][task] * task_sizes[task];
}
cp_model.AddLessOrEqual(task_sum, total_size_max);
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for (int task : all_tasks) {
std::vector<BoolVar> tasks;
for (int worker : all_workers) {
tasks.push_back(x[worker][task]);
}
cp_model.AddExactlyOne(tasks);
}
// Objective
LinearExpr total_cost;
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
total_cost += x[worker][task] * costs[worker][task];
}
}
cp_model.Minimize(total_cost);
// Solve
const CpSolverResponse response = Solve(cp_model.Build());
// Print solution.
if (response.status() == CpSolverStatus::INFEASIBLE) {
LOG(FATAL) << "No solution found.";
}
LOG(INFO) << "Total cost: " << response.objective_value();
LOG(INFO);
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
if (SolutionBooleanValue(response, x[worker][task])) {
LOG(INFO) << "Worker " << worker << " assigned to task " << task
<< ". Cost: " << costs[worker][task];
}
}
}
}
} // namespace sat
} // namespace operations_research
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
operations_research::sat::AssignmentTaskSizes();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}জাভা
// CP-SAT example that solves an assignment problem.
package com.google.ortools.sat.samples;
import com.google.ortools.Loader;
import com.google.ortools.sat.CpModel;
import com.google.ortools.sat.CpSolver;
import com.google.ortools.sat.CpSolverStatus;
import com.google.ortools.sat.LinearExpr;
import com.google.ortools.sat.LinearExprBuilder;
import com.google.ortools.sat.Literal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;
/** Assignment problem. */
public class AssignmentTaskSizesSat {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Loader.loadNativeLibraries();
// Data
int[][] costs = {
{90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68},
{35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83},
{125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73},
{45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71},
{60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88},
{45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34},
{38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48},
{47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36},
{39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61},
{47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90},
};
final int numWorkers = costs.length;
final int numTasks = costs[0].length;
final int[] allWorkers = IntStream.range(0, numWorkers).toArray();
final int[] allTasks = IntStream.range(0, numTasks).toArray();
final int[] taskSizes = {10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5};
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
final int totalSizeMax = 15;
// Model
CpModel model = new CpModel();
// Variables
Literal[][] x = new Literal[numWorkers][numTasks];
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
x[worker][task] = model.newBoolVar("x[" + worker + "," + task + "]");
}
}
// Constraints
// Each worker has a maximum capacity.
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
LinearExprBuilder expr = LinearExpr.newBuilder();
for (int task : allTasks) {
expr.addTerm(x[worker][task], taskSizes[task]);
}
model.addLessOrEqual(expr, totalSizeMax);
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for (int task : allTasks) {
List<Literal> workers = new ArrayList<>();
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
workers.add(x[worker][task]);
}
model.addExactlyOne(workers);
}
// Objective
LinearExprBuilder obj = LinearExpr.newBuilder();
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
obj.addTerm(x[worker][task], costs[worker][task]);
}
}
model.minimize(obj);
// Solve
CpSolver solver = new CpSolver();
CpSolverStatus status = solver.solve(model);
// Print solution.
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (status == CpSolverStatus.OPTIMAL || status == CpSolverStatus.FEASIBLE) {
System.out.println("Total cost: " + solver.objectiveValue() + "\n");
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
if (solver.booleanValue(x[worker][task])) {
System.out.println("Worker " + worker + " assigned to task " + task
+ ". Cost: " + costs[worker][task]);
}
}
}
} else {
System.err.println("No solution found.");
}
}
private AssignmentTaskSizesSat() {}
}
সি#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Google.OrTools.Sat;
public class AssignmentTaskSizesSat
{
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
// Data.
int[,] costs = {
{ 90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68 }, { 35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83 },
{ 125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73 }, { 45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71 },
{ 60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88 }, { 45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34 },
{ 38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48 }, { 47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36 },
{ 39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61 }, { 47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90 },
};
int numWorkers = costs.GetLength(0);
int numTasks = costs.GetLength(1);
int[] allWorkers = Enumerable.Range(0, numWorkers).ToArray();
int[] allTasks = Enumerable.Range(0, numTasks).ToArray();
int[] taskSizes = { 10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5 };
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
int totalSizeMax = 15;
// Model.
CpModel model = new CpModel();
// Variables.
BoolVar[,] x = new BoolVar[numWorkers, numTasks];
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
x[worker, task] = model.NewBoolVar($"x[{worker},{task}]");
}
}
// Constraints
// Each worker is assigned to at most max task size.
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
BoolVar[] vars = new BoolVar[numTasks];
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
vars[task] = x[worker, task];
}
model.Add(LinearExpr.WeightedSum(vars, taskSizes) <= totalSizeMax);
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
List<ILiteral> workers = new List<ILiteral>();
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
workers.Add(x[worker, task]);
}
model.AddExactlyOne(workers);
}
// Objective
LinearExprBuilder obj = LinearExpr.NewBuilder();
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
obj.AddTerm(x[worker, task], costs[worker, task]);
}
}
model.Minimize(obj);
// Solve
CpSolver solver = new CpSolver();
CpSolverStatus status = solver.Solve(model);
Console.WriteLine($"Solve status: {status}");
// Print solution.
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (status == CpSolverStatus.Optimal || status == CpSolverStatus.Feasible)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Total cost: {solver.ObjectiveValue}\n");
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
if (solver.Value(x[worker, task]) > 0.5)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Worker {worker} assigned to task {task}. " +
$"Cost: {costs[worker, task]}");
}
}
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("No solution found.");
}
Console.WriteLine("Statistics");
Console.WriteLine($" - conflicts : {solver.NumConflicts()}");
Console.WriteLine($" - branches : {solver.NumBranches()}");
Console.WriteLine($" - wall time : {solver.WallTime()}s");
}
}এমআইপি সমাধান
পরবর্তী, আমরা এমআইপি সল্ভার ব্যবহার করে অ্যাসাইনমেন্ট সমস্যার সমাধান বর্ণনা করি।
লাইব্রেরি আমদানি করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোড প্রয়োজনীয় লাইব্রেরি আমদানি করে।
পাইথন
from ortools.linear_solver import pywraplp
সি++
#include <cstdint> #include <memory> #include <numeric> #include <vector> #include "absl/strings/str_format.h" #include "ortools/base/logging.h" #include "ortools/linear_solver/linear_solver.h"
জাভা
import com.google.ortools.Loader; import com.google.ortools.linearsolver.MPConstraint; import com.google.ortools.linearsolver.MPObjective; import com.google.ortools.linearsolver.MPSolver; import com.google.ortools.linearsolver.MPVariable; import java.util.stream.IntStream;
সি#
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Google.OrTools.LinearSolver;
ডেটা সংজ্ঞায়িত করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোড প্রোগ্রামের জন্য ডেটা তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
costs = [
[90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68],
[35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83],
[125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73],
[45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71],
[60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88],
[45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34],
[38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48],
[47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36],
[39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61],
[47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90],
]
num_workers = len(costs)
num_tasks = len(costs[0])
task_sizes = [10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5]
# Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
total_size_max = 15সি++
const std::vector<std::vector<int64_t>> costs = {{
{{90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68}},
{{35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83}},
{{125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73}},
{{45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71}},
{{60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88}},
{{45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34}},
{{38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48}},
{{47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36}},
{{39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61}},
{{47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90}},
}};
const int num_workers = costs.size();
std::vector<int> all_workers(num_workers);
std::iota(all_workers.begin(), all_workers.end(), 0);
const int num_tasks = costs[0].size();
std::vector<int> all_tasks(num_tasks);
std::iota(all_tasks.begin(), all_tasks.end(), 0);
const std::vector<int64_t> task_sizes = {{10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5}};
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
const int total_size_max = 15;জাভা
double[][] costs = {
{90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68},
{35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83},
{125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73},
{45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71},
{60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88},
{45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34},
{38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48},
{47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36},
{39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61},
{47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90},
};
int numWorkers = costs.length;
int numTasks = costs[0].length;
final int[] allWorkers = IntStream.range(0, numWorkers).toArray();
final int[] allTasks = IntStream.range(0, numTasks).toArray();
final int[] taskSizes = {10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5};
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
final int totalSizeMax = 15;সি#
int[,] costs = {
{ 90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68 }, { 35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83 },
{ 125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73 }, { 45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71 },
{ 60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88 }, { 45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34 },
{ 38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48 }, { 47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36 },
{ 39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61 }, { 47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90 },
};
int numWorkers = costs.GetLength(0);
int numTasks = costs.GetLength(1);
int[] allWorkers = Enumerable.Range(0, numWorkers).ToArray();
int[] allTasks = Enumerable.Range(0, numTasks).ToArray();
int[] taskSizes = { 10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5 };
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
int totalSizeMax = 15;সমাধানকারী ঘোষণা করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোড সমাধানকারী তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
# Create the mip solver with the SCIP backend.
solver = pywraplp.Solver.CreateSolver("SCIP")
if not solver:
returnসি++
// Create the mip solver with the SCIP backend.
std::unique_ptr<MPSolver> solver(MPSolver::CreateSolver("SCIP"));
if (!solver) {
LOG(WARNING) << "SCIP solver unavailable.";
return;
}জাভা
// Create the linear solver with the SCIP backend.
MPSolver solver = MPSolver.createSolver("SCIP");
if (solver == null) {
System.out.println("Could not create solver SCIP");
return;
}সি#
Solver solver = Solver.CreateSolver("SCIP");
if (solver is null)
{
return;
}ভেরিয়েবল তৈরি করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোডটি সমস্যার জন্য ভেরিয়েবলের একটি অ্যারে তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
# x[i, j] is an array of 0-1 variables, which will be 1
# if worker i is assigned to task j.
x = {}
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
x[worker, task] = solver.BoolVar(f"x[{worker},{task}]")সি++
// x[i][j] is an array of 0-1 variables, which will be 1
// if worker i is assigned to task j.
std::vector<std::vector<const MPVariable*>> x(
num_workers, std::vector<const MPVariable*>(num_tasks));
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
x[worker][task] =
solver->MakeBoolVar(absl::StrFormat("x[%d,%d]", worker, task));
}
}জাভা
// x[i][j] is an array of 0-1 variables, which will be 1
// if worker i is assigned to task j.
MPVariable[][] x = new MPVariable[numWorkers][numTasks];
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
x[worker][task] = solver.makeBoolVar("x[" + worker + "," + task + "]");
}
}সি#
// x[i, j] is an array of 0-1 variables, which will be 1
// if worker i is assigned to task j.
Variable[,] x = new Variable[numWorkers, numTasks];
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
x[worker, task] = solver.MakeBoolVar($"x[{worker},{task}]");
}
}সীমাবদ্ধতা যোগ করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোড প্রোগ্রামের জন্য সীমাবদ্ধতা তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
# The total size of the tasks each worker takes on is at most total_size_max.
for worker in range(num_workers):
solver.Add(
solver.Sum(
[task_sizes[task] * x[worker, task] for task in range(num_tasks)]
)
<= total_size_max
)
# Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for task in range(num_tasks):
solver.Add(solver.Sum([x[worker, task] for worker in range(num_workers)]) == 1)সি++
// Each worker is assigned to at most one task.
for (int worker : all_workers) {
LinearExpr worker_sum;
for (int task : all_tasks) {
worker_sum += LinearExpr(x[worker][task]) * task_sizes[task];
}
solver->MakeRowConstraint(worker_sum <= total_size_max);
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for (int task : all_tasks) {
LinearExpr task_sum;
for (int worker : all_workers) {
task_sum += x[worker][task];
}
solver->MakeRowConstraint(task_sum == 1.0);
}জাভা
// Each worker is assigned to at most max task size.
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
MPConstraint constraint = solver.makeConstraint(0, totalSizeMax, "");
for (int task : allTasks) {
constraint.setCoefficient(x[worker][task], taskSizes[task]);
}
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for (int task : allTasks) {
MPConstraint constraint = solver.makeConstraint(1, 1, "");
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
constraint.setCoefficient(x[worker][task], 1);
}
}সি#
// Each worker is assigned to at most max task size.
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
Constraint constraint = solver.MakeConstraint(0, totalSizeMax, "");
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
constraint.SetCoefficient(x[worker, task], taskSizes[task]);
}
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
Constraint constraint = solver.MakeConstraint(1, 1, "");
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
constraint.SetCoefficient(x[worker, task], 1);
}
}উদ্দেশ্য তৈরি করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোডটি উদ্দেশ্য ফাংশন তৈরি করে।
পাইথন
objective_terms = []
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
objective_terms.append(costs[worker][task] * x[worker, task])
solver.Minimize(solver.Sum(objective_terms))সি++
MPObjective* const objective = solver->MutableObjective();
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
objective->SetCoefficient(x[worker][task], costs[worker][task]);
}
}
objective->SetMinimization();জাভা
MPObjective objective = solver.objective();
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
objective.setCoefficient(x[worker][task], costs[worker][task]);
}
}
objective.setMinimization();সি#
Objective objective = solver.Objective();
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
objective.SetCoefficient(x[worker, task], costs[worker, task]);
}
}
objective.SetMinimization();সমাধানকারীকে আহ্বান করুন
নিম্নলিখিত কোডটি সমাধানকারীকে আহ্বান করে এবং ফলাফলগুলি প্রদর্শন করে।
পাইথন
print(f"Solving with {solver.SolverVersion()}")
status = solver.Solve()সি++
const MPSolver::ResultStatus result_status = solver->Solve();
জাভা
MPSolver.ResultStatus resultStatus = solver.solve();
সি#
Solver.ResultStatus resultStatus = solver.Solve();
ফলাফল প্রদর্শন করুন
এখন, আমরা সমাধান মুদ্রণ করতে পারেন.
পাইথন
if status == pywraplp.Solver.OPTIMAL or status == pywraplp.Solver.FEASIBLE:
print(f"Total cost = {solver.Objective().Value()}\n")
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
if x[worker, task].solution_value() > 0.5:
print(
f"Worker {worker} assigned to task {task}."
+ f" Cost: {costs[worker][task]}"
)
else:
print("No solution found.")সি++
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (result_status != MPSolver::OPTIMAL &&
result_status != MPSolver::FEASIBLE) {
LOG(FATAL) << "No solution found.";
}
LOG(INFO) << "Total cost = " << objective->Value() << "\n\n";
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
// Test if x[i][j] is 0 or 1 (with tolerance for floating point
// arithmetic).
if (x[worker][task]->solution_value() > 0.5) {
LOG(INFO) << "Worker " << worker << " assigned to task " << task
<< ". Cost: " << costs[worker][task];
}
}
}জাভা
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (resultStatus == MPSolver.ResultStatus.OPTIMAL
|| resultStatus == MPSolver.ResultStatus.FEASIBLE) {
System.out.println("Total cost: " + objective.value() + "\n");
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
// Test if x[i][j] is 0 or 1 (with tolerance for floating point
// arithmetic).
if (x[worker][task].solutionValue() > 0.5) {
System.out.println("Worker " + worker + " assigned to task " + task
+ ". Cost: " + costs[worker][task]);
}
}
}
} else {
System.err.println("No solution found.");
}সি#
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (resultStatus == Solver.ResultStatus.OPTIMAL || resultStatus == Solver.ResultStatus.FEASIBLE)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Total cost: {solver.Objective().Value()}\n");
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
// Test if x[i, j] is 0 or 1 (with tolerance for floating point
// arithmetic).
if (x[worker, task].SolutionValue() > 0.5)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Worker {worker} assigned to task {task}. Cost: {costs[worker, task]}");
}
}
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("No solution found.");
}এখানে প্রোগ্রামের আউটপুট আছে।
Minimum cost = 326.0 Worker 0 assigned to task 6 Cost = 12 Worker 1 assigned to task 0 Cost = 35 Worker 1 assigned to task 2 Cost = 55 Worker 4 assigned to task 4 Cost = 59 Worker 5 assigned to task 5 Cost = 31 Worker 5 assigned to task 7 Cost = 34 Worker 6 assigned to task 1 Cost = 51 Worker 8 assigned to task 3 Cost = 49 Time = 0.0167 seconds
পুরো প্রোগ্রাম
এখানে সম্পূর্ণ প্রোগ্রাম.
পাইথন
"""MIP example that solves an assignment problem."""
from ortools.linear_solver import pywraplp
def main():
# Data
costs = [
[90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68],
[35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83],
[125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73],
[45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71],
[60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88],
[45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34],
[38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48],
[47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36],
[39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61],
[47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90],
]
num_workers = len(costs)
num_tasks = len(costs[0])
task_sizes = [10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5]
# Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
total_size_max = 15
# Solver
# Create the mip solver with the SCIP backend.
solver = pywraplp.Solver.CreateSolver("SCIP")
if not solver:
return
# Variables
# x[i, j] is an array of 0-1 variables, which will be 1
# if worker i is assigned to task j.
x = {}
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
x[worker, task] = solver.BoolVar(f"x[{worker},{task}]")
# Constraints
# The total size of the tasks each worker takes on is at most total_size_max.
for worker in range(num_workers):
solver.Add(
solver.Sum(
[task_sizes[task] * x[worker, task] for task in range(num_tasks)]
)
<= total_size_max
)
# Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for task in range(num_tasks):
solver.Add(solver.Sum([x[worker, task] for worker in range(num_workers)]) == 1)
# Objective
objective_terms = []
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
objective_terms.append(costs[worker][task] * x[worker, task])
solver.Minimize(solver.Sum(objective_terms))
# Solve
print(f"Solving with {solver.SolverVersion()}")
status = solver.Solve()
# Print solution.
if status == pywraplp.Solver.OPTIMAL or status == pywraplp.Solver.FEASIBLE:
print(f"Total cost = {solver.Objective().Value()}\n")
for worker in range(num_workers):
for task in range(num_tasks):
if x[worker, task].solution_value() > 0.5:
print(
f"Worker {worker} assigned to task {task}."
+ f" Cost: {costs[worker][task]}"
)
else:
print("No solution found.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()সি++
// Solve a simple assignment problem.
#include <cstdint>
#include <memory>
#include <numeric>
#include <vector>
#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
#include "ortools/base/logging.h"
#include "ortools/linear_solver/linear_solver.h"
namespace operations_research {
void AssignmentTeamsMip() {
// Data
const std::vector<std::vector<int64_t>> costs = {{
{{90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68}},
{{35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83}},
{{125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73}},
{{45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71}},
{{60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88}},
{{45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34}},
{{38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48}},
{{47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36}},
{{39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61}},
{{47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90}},
}};
const int num_workers = costs.size();
std::vector<int> all_workers(num_workers);
std::iota(all_workers.begin(), all_workers.end(), 0);
const int num_tasks = costs[0].size();
std::vector<int> all_tasks(num_tasks);
std::iota(all_tasks.begin(), all_tasks.end(), 0);
const std::vector<int64_t> task_sizes = {{10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5}};
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
const int total_size_max = 15;
// Solver
// Create the mip solver with the SCIP backend.
std::unique_ptr<MPSolver> solver(MPSolver::CreateSolver("SCIP"));
if (!solver) {
LOG(WARNING) << "SCIP solver unavailable.";
return;
}
// Variables
// x[i][j] is an array of 0-1 variables, which will be 1
// if worker i is assigned to task j.
std::vector<std::vector<const MPVariable*>> x(
num_workers, std::vector<const MPVariable*>(num_tasks));
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
x[worker][task] =
solver->MakeBoolVar(absl::StrFormat("x[%d,%d]", worker, task));
}
}
// Constraints
// Each worker is assigned to at most one task.
for (int worker : all_workers) {
LinearExpr worker_sum;
for (int task : all_tasks) {
worker_sum += LinearExpr(x[worker][task]) * task_sizes[task];
}
solver->MakeRowConstraint(worker_sum <= total_size_max);
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for (int task : all_tasks) {
LinearExpr task_sum;
for (int worker : all_workers) {
task_sum += x[worker][task];
}
solver->MakeRowConstraint(task_sum == 1.0);
}
// Objective.
MPObjective* const objective = solver->MutableObjective();
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
objective->SetCoefficient(x[worker][task], costs[worker][task]);
}
}
objective->SetMinimization();
// Solve
const MPSolver::ResultStatus result_status = solver->Solve();
// Print solution.
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (result_status != MPSolver::OPTIMAL &&
result_status != MPSolver::FEASIBLE) {
LOG(FATAL) << "No solution found.";
}
LOG(INFO) << "Total cost = " << objective->Value() << "\n\n";
for (int worker : all_workers) {
for (int task : all_tasks) {
// Test if x[i][j] is 0 or 1 (with tolerance for floating point
// arithmetic).
if (x[worker][task]->solution_value() > 0.5) {
LOG(INFO) << "Worker " << worker << " assigned to task " << task
<< ". Cost: " << costs[worker][task];
}
}
}
}
} // namespace operations_research
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
operations_research::AssignmentTeamsMip();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}জাভা
package com.google.ortools.linearsolver.samples;
import com.google.ortools.Loader;
import com.google.ortools.linearsolver.MPConstraint;
import com.google.ortools.linearsolver.MPObjective;
import com.google.ortools.linearsolver.MPSolver;
import com.google.ortools.linearsolver.MPVariable;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;
/** MIP example that solves an assignment problem. */
public class AssignmentTaskSizesMip {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Loader.loadNativeLibraries();
// Data
double[][] costs = {
{90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68},
{35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83},
{125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73},
{45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71},
{60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88},
{45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34},
{38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48},
{47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36},
{39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61},
{47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90},
};
int numWorkers = costs.length;
int numTasks = costs[0].length;
final int[] allWorkers = IntStream.range(0, numWorkers).toArray();
final int[] allTasks = IntStream.range(0, numTasks).toArray();
final int[] taskSizes = {10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5};
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
final int totalSizeMax = 15;
// Solver
// Create the linear solver with the SCIP backend.
MPSolver solver = MPSolver.createSolver("SCIP");
if (solver == null) {
System.out.println("Could not create solver SCIP");
return;
}
// Variables
// x[i][j] is an array of 0-1 variables, which will be 1
// if worker i is assigned to task j.
MPVariable[][] x = new MPVariable[numWorkers][numTasks];
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
x[worker][task] = solver.makeBoolVar("x[" + worker + "," + task + "]");
}
}
// Constraints
// Each worker is assigned to at most max task size.
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
MPConstraint constraint = solver.makeConstraint(0, totalSizeMax, "");
for (int task : allTasks) {
constraint.setCoefficient(x[worker][task], taskSizes[task]);
}
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
for (int task : allTasks) {
MPConstraint constraint = solver.makeConstraint(1, 1, "");
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
constraint.setCoefficient(x[worker][task], 1);
}
}
// Objective
MPObjective objective = solver.objective();
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
objective.setCoefficient(x[worker][task], costs[worker][task]);
}
}
objective.setMinimization();
// Solve
MPSolver.ResultStatus resultStatus = solver.solve();
// Print solution.
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (resultStatus == MPSolver.ResultStatus.OPTIMAL
|| resultStatus == MPSolver.ResultStatus.FEASIBLE) {
System.out.println("Total cost: " + objective.value() + "\n");
for (int worker : allWorkers) {
for (int task : allTasks) {
// Test if x[i][j] is 0 or 1 (with tolerance for floating point
// arithmetic).
if (x[worker][task].solutionValue() > 0.5) {
System.out.println("Worker " + worker + " assigned to task " + task
+ ". Cost: " + costs[worker][task]);
}
}
}
} else {
System.err.println("No solution found.");
}
}
private AssignmentTaskSizesMip() {}
}সি#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Google.OrTools.LinearSolver;
public class AssignmentTaskSizesMip
{
static void Main()
{
// Data.
int[,] costs = {
{ 90, 76, 75, 70, 50, 74, 12, 68 }, { 35, 85, 55, 65, 48, 101, 70, 83 },
{ 125, 95, 90, 105, 59, 120, 36, 73 }, { 45, 110, 95, 115, 104, 83, 37, 71 },
{ 60, 105, 80, 75, 59, 62, 93, 88 }, { 45, 65, 110, 95, 47, 31, 81, 34 },
{ 38, 51, 107, 41, 69, 99, 115, 48 }, { 47, 85, 57, 71, 92, 77, 109, 36 },
{ 39, 63, 97, 49, 118, 56, 92, 61 }, { 47, 101, 71, 60, 88, 109, 52, 90 },
};
int numWorkers = costs.GetLength(0);
int numTasks = costs.GetLength(1);
int[] allWorkers = Enumerable.Range(0, numWorkers).ToArray();
int[] allTasks = Enumerable.Range(0, numTasks).ToArray();
int[] taskSizes = { 10, 7, 3, 12, 15, 4, 11, 5 };
// Maximum total of task sizes for any worker
int totalSizeMax = 15;
// Solver.
Solver solver = Solver.CreateSolver("SCIP");
if (solver is null)
{
return;
}
// Variables.
// x[i, j] is an array of 0-1 variables, which will be 1
// if worker i is assigned to task j.
Variable[,] x = new Variable[numWorkers, numTasks];
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
x[worker, task] = solver.MakeBoolVar($"x[{worker},{task}]");
}
}
// Constraints
// Each worker is assigned to at most max task size.
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
Constraint constraint = solver.MakeConstraint(0, totalSizeMax, "");
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
constraint.SetCoefficient(x[worker, task], taskSizes[task]);
}
}
// Each task is assigned to exactly one worker.
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
Constraint constraint = solver.MakeConstraint(1, 1, "");
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
constraint.SetCoefficient(x[worker, task], 1);
}
}
// Objective
Objective objective = solver.Objective();
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
objective.SetCoefficient(x[worker, task], costs[worker, task]);
}
}
objective.SetMinimization();
// Solve
Solver.ResultStatus resultStatus = solver.Solve();
// Print solution.
// Check that the problem has a feasible solution.
if (resultStatus == Solver.ResultStatus.OPTIMAL || resultStatus == Solver.ResultStatus.FEASIBLE)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Total cost: {solver.Objective().Value()}\n");
foreach (int worker in allWorkers)
{
foreach (int task in allTasks)
{
// Test if x[i, j] is 0 or 1 (with tolerance for floating point
// arithmetic).
if (x[worker, task].SolutionValue() > 0.5)
{
Console.WriteLine($"Worker {worker} assigned to task {task}. Cost: {costs[worker, task]}");
}
}
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("No solution found.");
}
}
}