Class HtmlOutput

An HtmlOutput object that can be served from a script. Due to security considerations, scripts cannot directly return HTML to a browser. Instead, they must sanitize it so that it cannot perform malicious actions. You can return sanitized HTML like this:

function doGet() {
  return HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
}

The code in the HtmlOutput can include embedded JavaScript and CSS. (This is standard client-side JavaScript that manipulates the DOM, not Apps Script). All of this content is sandboxed using iframe sandboxing. For more information, see the guide to restrictions in HTML service.

Methods

Method	Return type	Brief description
`addMetaTag(name, content)`	`HtmlOutput`	Adds a meta tag to the page.
`append(addedContent)`	`HtmlOutput`	Appends new content to the content of this `HtmlOutput`.
`appendUntrusted(addedContent)`	`HtmlOutput`	Appends new content to the content of this `HtmlOutput`, using contextual escaping.
`asTemplate()`	`HtmlTemplate`	Returns an `HtmlTemplate` backed by this `HtmlOutput`.
`clear()`	`HtmlOutput`	Clears the current content.
`getAs(contentType)`	`Blob`	Return the data inside this object as a blob converted to the specified content type.
`getBlob()`	`Blob`	Return the data inside this object as a blob.
`getContent()`	`String`	Gets the content of this `HtmlOutput`.
`getFaviconUrl()`	`String`	Gets the URL for a favicon link tag added to the page by calling `setFaviconUrl(iconUrl)`.
`getHeight()`	`Integer`	Gets the initial height of the custom dialog in Google Docs, Sheets, or Forms.
`getMetaTags()`	`HtmlOutputMetaTag[]`	Gets an array of objects that represent meta tags added to the page by calling `addMetaTag(name, content)`.
`getTitle()`	`String`	Gets the title of the output page.
`getWidth()`	`Integer`	Gets the initial width of the custom dialog in Google Docs, Sheets, or Forms.
`setContent(content)`	`HtmlOutput`	Sets the content of this `HtmlOutput`.
`setFaviconUrl(iconUrl)`	`HtmlOutput`	Adds a link tag for a favicon to the page.
`setHeight(height)`	`HtmlOutput`	Sets the initial height of the custom dialog in Google Docs, Sheets, or Forms.
`setSandboxMode(mode)`	`HtmlOutput`	This method now has no effect — previously it set the `sandbox mode` used for client-side scripts.
`setTitle(title)`	`HtmlOutput`	Sets the title of the output page.
`setWidth(width)`	`HtmlOutput`	Sets the initial width of a custom dialog in Google Docs, Sheets, or Forms.
`setXFrameOptionsMode(mode)`	`HtmlOutput`	Sets the state of the page's `X-Frame-Options` header, which controls clickjacking prevention.

Detailed documentation

`addMetaTag(name, content)`

Adds a meta tag to the page. Meta tags included directly in an Apps Script HTML file are ignored. Only the following meta tags are allowed:

<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="..."/>
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="..."/>
<meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="..."/>
<meta name="viewport" content="..."/>

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.addMetaTag('viewport', 'width=device-width, initial-scale=1');

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`name`	`String`	the value of the meta tag's name attribute
`content`	`String`	the value of the meta tag's content attribute

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

`append(addedContent)`

Appends new content to the content of this HtmlOutput. Use this only for content from a trusted source, because it is not escaped.

// Log "<b>Hello, world!</b><p>Hello again, world.</p>"
var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.append('<p>Hello again, world.</p>');
Logger.log(output.getContent());

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`addedContent`	`String`	the content to append

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

Throws

Error — if the HTML is malformed

`appendUntrusted(addedContent)`

Appends new content to the content of this HtmlOutput, using contextual escaping.

This method will correctly escape content based on the current state of the HtmlOutput, so that the result will be a safe string with no markup or side affects. Use this instead of using append whenever you are adding content from an untrusted source, such as from a user, to avoid accidentally allowing a cross site scripting (XSS) bug where content or markup that you append causes unexpected code execution.

// Log "<b>Hello, world!</b>&lt;p&gt;Hello again, world.&lt;/p&gt;"
var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.appendUntrusted('<p>Hello again, world.</p>');
Logger.log(output.getContent());

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`addedContent`	`String`	the content to append

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

Throws

Error — if the HTML is very malformed

`asTemplate()`

Returns an HtmlTemplate backed by this HtmlOutput. This method can be used to build up a template incrementally. Future changes to HtmlOutput will affect the contents of the HtmlTemplate as well.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
var template = output.asTemplate();

Return

HtmlTemplate — the new HtmlTemplate

`clear()`

Clears the current content.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.clear();

Return

HtmlOutput — the HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

`getAs(contentType)`

Return the data inside this object as a blob converted to the specified content type. This method adds the appropriate extension to the filename—for example, "myfile.pdf". However, it assumes that the part of the filename that follows the last period (if any) is an existing extension that should be replaced. Consequently, "ShoppingList.12.25.2014" becomes "ShoppingList.12.25.pdf".

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`contentType`	`String`	The MIME type to convert to. For most blobs, `'application/pdf'` is the only valid option. For images in BMP, GIF, JPEG, or PNG format, any of `'image/bmp'`, `'image/gif'`, `'image/jpeg'`, or `'image/png'` are also valid.

Return

Blob — The data as a blob.

`getBlob()`

Return the data inside this object as a blob.

Return

Blob — The data as a blob.

`getContent()`

Gets the content of this HtmlOutput.

// Log "<b>Hello, world!</b>"
var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
Logger.log(output.getContent());

Return

String — the content that will be served

`getFaviconUrl()`

Gets the URL for a favicon link tag added to the page by calling setFaviconUrl(iconUrl). Favicon link tags included directly in an Apps Script HTML file are ignored.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.setFaviconUrl('http://www.example.com/image.png');
Logger.log(output.getFaviconUrl();

Return

String — the URL of the favicon image

`getHeight()`

Gets the initial height of the custom dialog in Google Docs, Sheets, or Forms. If the HtmlOutput is published as a web app instead, this method returns null. To resize a dialog that is already open, call google.script.host.setHeight(height) in client-side code.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.setHeight(200);
Logger.log(output.getHeight());

Return

Integer — the height, in pixels

`getMetaTags()`

Gets an array of objects that represent meta tags added to the page by calling addMetaTag(name, content). Meta tags included directly in an Apps Script HTML file are ignored.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.addMetaTag('viewport', 'width=device-width, initial-scale=1');

var tags = output.getMetaTags();
Logger.log('<meta name="%s" content="%s"/>', tags[0].getName(), tags[0].getContent());

Return

HtmlOutputMetaTag[] — an array of objects that represent meta tags added to the page by calling addMetaTag(name, content)

`getTitle()`

Gets the title of the output page. Note that the <title> HTML element is ignored.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
Logger.log(output.getTitle());

Return

String — the title of the page

`getWidth()`

Gets the initial width of the custom dialog in Google Docs, Sheets, or Forms. If the HtmlOutput is published as a web app instead, this method returns null. To resize a dialog that is already open, call google.script.host.setWidth(width) in client-side code.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.setWidth(200);
Logger.log(output.getWidth());

Return

Integer — the width in pixels

`setContent(content)`

Sets the content of this HtmlOutput.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput();
output.setContent('<b>Hello, world!</b>');

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`content`	`String`	the content to serve

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

Throws

Error — if the HTML is malformed

`setFaviconUrl(iconUrl)`

Adds a link tag for a favicon to the page. Favicon link tags included directly in an Apps Script HTML file are ignored.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.setFaviconUrl('http://www.example.com/image.png');

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`iconUrl`	`String`	the URL of the favicon image, with the image extension indicating the image type

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

`setHeight(height)`

Sets the initial height of the custom dialog in Google Docs, Sheets, or Forms. If the HtmlOutput is published as a web app instead, this method has no effect. To resize a dialog that is already open, call google.script.host.setHeight(height) in client-side code.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.setHeight(200);

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`height`	`Integer`	the new height in pixels; `null` results in a default value

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

`setSandboxMode(mode)`

This method now has no effect — previously it set the sandbox mode used for client-side scripts. To protect users from being served malicious HTML or JavaScript, client-side code served from HTML service executes in a security sandbox that imposes restrictions on the code. Originally this method allowed script authors to choose between different versions of the sandbox, but now all scripts now use IFRAME mode regardless of what sandbox mode is set. For more information, see the guide to restrictions in HTML service.

The IFRAME mode imposes many fewer restrictions than the other sandbox modes and runs fastest, but does not work at all in certain older browsers, including Internet Explorer 9. The sandbox mode can be read in a client-side script by inspecting google.script.sandbox.mode. Note that this property returns the actual mode on the client, which may differ from the mode requested on the server if the requested mode is not supported in the user's browser.

<!-- Read the sandbox mode (in a client-side script). -->
<script>
  alert(google.script.sandbox.mode);
</script>

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`mode`	`SandboxMode`	the sandbox mode to use

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

`setTitle(title)`

Sets the title of the output page. For web apps, this will be the title of the entire page, while for HtmlOutput shown in Google Sheets, this will be the dialog title.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.setTitle('My First Page');

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`title`	`String`	the new title

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

`setWidth(width)`

Sets the initial width of a custom dialog in Google Docs, Sheets, or Forms. If the HtmlOutput is published as a web app instead, this method has no effect. To resize a dialog that is already open, call google.script.host.setWidth(width) in client-side code.

var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.setWidth(200);

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`width`	`Integer`	the new width in pixels; `null` results in a default value

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

`setXFrameOptionsMode(mode)`

Sets the state of the page's X-Frame-Options header, which controls clickjacking prevention.

Setting XFrameOptionsMode.ALLOWALL will let any site iframe the page, so the developer should implement their own protection against clickjacking.

If a script does not set an X-Frame-Options mode, Apps Script uses XFrameOptionsMode.DEFAULT mode as the default.

// Serve HTML with no X-Frame-Options header (in Apps Script server-side code).
var output = HtmlService.createHtmlOutput('<b>Hello, world!</b>');
output.setXFrameOptionsMode(HtmlService.XFrameOptionsMode.ALLOWALL);

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
`mode`	`XFrameOptionsMode`

Return

HtmlOutput — this HtmlOutput itself, useful for chaining

Class HtmlOutput

Methods

Detailed documentation

addMetaTag(name, content)

Parameters

Return

append(addedContent)

Parameters

Return

Throws

See also

appendUntrusted(addedContent)

Parameters

Return

Throws

See also

asTemplate()

Return

clear()

Return

getAs(contentType)

Parameters

Return

getBlob()

Return

getContent()

Return

getFaviconUrl()

Return

getHeight()

Return

getMetaTags()

Return

getTitle()

Return

getWidth()

Return

setContent(content)

Parameters

Return

Throws

setFaviconUrl(iconUrl)

Parameters

Return

setHeight(height)

Parameters

Return

setSandboxMode(mode)

Parameters

Return

setTitle(title)

Parameters

Return

setWidth(width)

Parameters

Return

setXFrameOptionsMode(mode)

Parameters

Return

`addMetaTag(name, content)`

`append(addedContent)`

`appendUntrusted(addedContent)`

`asTemplate()`

`clear()`

`getAs(contentType)`

`getBlob()`

`getContent()`

`getFaviconUrl()`

`getHeight()`

`getMetaTags()`

`getTitle()`

`getWidth()`

`setContent(content)`

`setFaviconUrl(iconUrl)`

`setHeight(height)`

`setSandboxMode(mode)`

`setTitle(title)`

`setWidth(width)`

`setXFrameOptionsMode(mode)`