Bu kılavuzda, konum hedefleme özelliğinin yanı sıra kampanyalarınızın yer hedeflemesini eklemek, almak ve güncellemek için Google Ads API'yi nasıl kullanabileceğiniz açıklanmaktadır.
Coğrafi hedefleme neden önemlidir?
Yer hedefleme, reklamları belirli bir coğrafi bölgedeki kullanıcılara sunmanızı sağlar. Örneğin, bir süpermarketler zincirinin reklamını yaptığınızı varsayalım. Konum hedefleme olmadan, reklamlarınız dünyanın tüm bölgelerinde gösterilir ve süpermarket konumunuzun olmadığı bölgelerdeki kullanıcılardan tıklama alabilir. Bu durum maliyet oluşturur ancak yatırım getirisi sağlama imkanı yoktur. Konum hedefleme sayesinde kampanyalarınız, yalnızca açık süpermarketlerinizin bulunduğu bölgelerde reklam gösterir. Bu yaklaşım, yerel olarak süpermarketler için arama yapan müşterileri de doğrudan hedeflemenize olanak tanır.
Google Ads API, reklamlarınızı ülkeye, bölgeye veya belirli bir coğrafi noktanın yakınındaki yakınlığa göre hedeflemenize olanak tanır.
Reklamlarla coğrafi konumları hedefleme hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin.
Bir bölge için kampanyaları coğrafi hedefleme
Google Ads'in konum hedeflemeyi desteklediği herhangi bir coğrafi bölgeye (ör. ülke, eyalet, şehir veya posta bölgesi) kampanyalarla hedefleme yapabilirsiniz. Hedeflenebilir her konum, bir Ölçüt kimliğiyle benzersiz bir şekilde tanımlanır. GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants kullanarak ölçüt kimliğini arayabilirsiniz.
Her bir GeoTargetConstant öğesinin resource_name öğesi geoTargetConstants/{Criterion ID} biçimindedir. Örneğin, New York eyaletinin resource_name değeri geoTargetConstants/21167 şeklindedir.
CampaignCriterionService kullanarak kampanyalarınıza coğrafi hedefler ekleyebilirsiniz. Aşağıdaki kod snippet'i, kampanyanızı bir ölçüt kimliğiyle nasıl hedefleyeceğinizi gösterir.
Java
private static CampaignCriterion buildLocationIdCriterion(
long locationId, String campaignResourceName) {
Builder criterionBuilder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName);
criterionBuilder
.getLocationBuilder()
.setGeoTargetConstant(ResourceNames.geoTargetConstant(locationId));
return criterionBuilder.build();
}
C#
private CampaignCriterion buildLocationCriterion(long locationId,
string campaignResourceName)
{
GeoTargetConstantName location = new GeoTargetConstantName(locationId.ToString());
return new CampaignCriterion()
{
Campaign = campaignResourceName,
Location = new LocationInfo()
{
GeoTargetConstant = location.ToString()
}
};
}
PHP
private static function createLocationCampaignCriterionOperation(
int $locationId,
string $campaignResourceName
) {
// Constructs a campaign criterion for the specified campaign ID using the specified
// location ID.
$campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([
// Creates a location using the specified location ID.
'location' => new LocationInfo([
// Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names using
// GeoTargetConstantServiceClient::suggestGeoTargetConstants() and directly
// apply GeoTargetConstant::$resourceName here. An example can be found
// in GetGeoTargetConstantByNames.php.
'geo_target_constant' => ResourceNames::forGeoTargetConstant($locationId)
]),
'campaign' => $campaignResourceName
]);
return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]);
}
Python
def create_location_op(client, customer_id, campaign_id, location_id):
campaign_service = client.get_service("CampaignService")
geo_target_constant_service = client.get_service("GeoTargetConstantService")
# Create the campaign criterion.
campaign_criterion_operation = client.get_type("CampaignCriterionOperation")
campaign_criterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create
campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path(
customer_id, campaign_id
)
# Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from
# GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly
# apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found
# in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.py.
campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant = (
geo_target_constant_service.geo_target_constant_path(location_id)
)
return campaign_criterion_operation
Ruby
def create_location(client, customer_id, campaign_id, location_id)
client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion|
criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id)
criterion.location = client.resource.location_info do |li|
# Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from
# GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly
# apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found
# in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.rb.
li.geo_target_constant = client.path.geo_target_constant(location_id)
end
end
end
Perl
sub create_location_campaign_criterion_operation {
my ($location_id, $campaign_resource_name) = @_;
# Construct a campaign criterion for the specified campaign using the
# specified location ID.
my $campaign_criterion =
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({
# Create a location using the specified location ID.
location => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Common::LocationInfo->new({
# Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names
# using GeoTargetConstantService::suggest() and directly apply
# GeoTargetConstant->{resourceName} here. An example can be found
# in get_geo_target_constants_by_names.pl.
geoTargetConstant =>
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Utils::ResourceNames::geo_target_constant(
$location_id)}
),
campaign => $campaign_resource_name
});
return
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation
->new({
create => $campaign_criterion
});
}
Google zaman zaman bazı konum ölçütlerini çeşitli nedenlerle kullanımdan kaldırabilir: Konum, daha küçük veya daha büyük alanlar, jeopolitik değişiklikler vb. olarak yeniden yapılandırılabilir. Bir konumun ENABLED ya da REMOVAL_PLANNED olup olmadığını belirlemek için GeoTargetConstant nesnesinin status alanına bakın.
Konum hedeflerinin nasıl kullanımdan kaldırıldığı hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin.
Konum adına göre arayın
Ayrıca, GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants kullanarak ölçüt kimliğini konum adına göre de arayabilirsiniz.
Aşağıdaki kod örneğinde, konum adına göre konum ölçütü kimliğinin nasıl aranacağı gösterilmektedir.
Java
private void runExample(GoogleAdsClient googleAdsClient) {
try (GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoTargetClient =
googleAdsClient.getLatestVersion().createGeoTargetConstantServiceClient()) {
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Builder requestBuilder =
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.newBuilder();
// Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given, 'en' is used by default.
requestBuilder.setLocale("en");
// A list of country codes can be referenced here:
// https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets
requestBuilder.setCountryCode("FR");
requestBuilder
.getLocationNamesBuilder()
.addAllNames(ImmutableList.of("Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland"));
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response =
geoTargetClient.suggestGeoTargetConstants(requestBuilder.build());
for (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion :
response.getGeoTargetConstantSuggestionsList()) {
System.out.printf(
"%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d) for search term (%s).%n",
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getResourceName(),
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getName(),
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getCountryCode(),
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getTargetType(),
suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getStatus().name(),
suggestion.getLocale(),
suggestion.getReach(),
suggestion.getSearchTerm());
}
}
}
C#
public void Run(GoogleAdsClient client)
{
// Get the GeoTargetConstantServiceClient.
GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoService =
client.GetService(Services.V17.GeoTargetConstantService);
// Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given,
// 'en' is used by default.
string locale = "en";
// A list of country codes can be referenced here:
// https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets
string countryCode = "FR";
string[] locations = { "Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland" };
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest request = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest()
{
Locale = locale,
CountryCode = countryCode,
LocationNames = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Types.LocationNames()
};
request.LocationNames.Names.AddRange(locations);
try
{
SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response =
geoService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants(request);
foreach (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion
in response.GeoTargetConstantSuggestions)
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.ResourceName} " +
$"({suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Name}, " +
$"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.CountryCode}, " +
$"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.TargetType}, " +
$"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Status}) is found in locale " +
$"({suggestion.Locale}) with reach ({suggestion.Reach}) " +
$"for search term ({suggestion.SearchTerm}).");
}
}
catch (GoogleAdsException e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Failure:");
Console.WriteLine($"Message: {e.Message}");
Console.WriteLine($"Failure: {e.Failure}");
Console.WriteLine($"Request ID: {e.RequestId}");
throw;
}
}
PHP
public static function runExample(
GoogleAdsClient $googleAdsClient,
array $locationNames,
string $locale,
string $countryCode
) {
$geoTargetConstantServiceClient = $googleAdsClient->getGeoTargetConstantServiceClient();
$response = $geoTargetConstantServiceClient->suggestGeoTargetConstants(
new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest([
'locale' => $locale,
'country_code' => $countryCode,
'location_names' => new LocationNames(['names' => $locationNames])
])
);
// Iterates over all geo target constant suggestion objects and prints the requested field
// values for each one.
foreach ($response->getGeoTargetConstantSuggestions() as $geoTargetConstantSuggestion) {
/** @var GeoTargetConstantSuggestion $geoTargetConstantSuggestion */
printf(
"Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d"
. " for the search term '%s'.%s",
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getResourceName(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getName(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getCountryCode(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getTargetType(),
GeoTargetConstantStatus::name(
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getStatus()
),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getLocale(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getReach(),
$geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getSearchTerm(),
PHP_EOL
);
}
}
Python
def main(client):
gtc_service = client.get_service("GeoTargetConstantService")
gtc_request = client.get_type("SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest")
gtc_request.locale = LOCALE
gtc_request.country_code = COUNTRY_CODE
# The location names to get suggested geo target constants.
gtc_request.location_names.names.extend(
["Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland"]
)
results = gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants(gtc_request)
for suggestion in results.geo_target_constant_suggestions:
geo_target_constant = suggestion.geo_target_constant
print(
f"{geo_target_constant.resource_name} "
f"({geo_target_constant.name}, "
f"{geo_target_constant.country_code}, "
f"{geo_target_constant.target_type}, "
f"{geo_target_constant.status.name}) "
f"is found in locale ({suggestion.locale}) "
f"with reach ({suggestion.reach}) "
f"from search term ({suggestion.search_term})."
)
Ruby
def get_geo_target_constants_by_names
# GoogleAdsClient will read a config file from
# ENV['HOME']/google_ads_config.rb when called without parameters
client = Google::Ads::GoogleAds::GoogleAdsClient.new
gtc_service = client.service.geo_target_constant
location_names = client.resource.location_names do |ln|
['Paris', 'Quebec', 'Spain', 'Deutschland'].each do |name|
ln.names << name
end
end
# Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given,
# 'en' is used by default.
locale = 'en'
# A list of country codes can be referenced here:
# https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets
country_code = 'FR'
response = gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants(
locale: locale,
country_code: country_code,
location_names: location_names
)
response.geo_target_constant_suggestions.each do |suggestion|
puts sprintf("%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d)" \
" from search term (%s).", suggestion.geo_target_constant.resource_name,
suggestion.geo_target_constant.name,
suggestion.geo_target_constant.country_code,
suggestion.geo_target_constant.target_type,
suggestion.geo_target_constant.status,
suggestion.locale,
suggestion.reach,
suggestion.search_term)
end
end
Perl
sub get_geo_target_constants_by_names {
my ($api_client, $location_names, $locale, $country_code) = @_;
my $suggest_response = $api_client->GeoTargetConstantService()->suggest({
locale => $locale,
countryCode => $country_code,
locationNames =>
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Services::GeoTargetConstantService::LocationNames
->new({
names => $location_names
})});
# Iterate over all geo target constant suggestion objects and print the requested
# field values for each one.
foreach my $geo_target_constant_suggestion (
@{$suggest_response->{geoTargetConstantSuggestions}})
{
printf "Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d" .
" for the search term '%s'.\n",
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{resourceName},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{name},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{countryCode},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{targetType},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{status},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{locale},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{reach},
$geo_target_constant_suggestion->{searchTerm};
}
return 1;
}
Kampanyaları bir konuma yakınlık için hedefleme
Bazen bir şehir veya ülkeden daha hassas bir şekilde hedefleme yapmak isteyebilirsiniz. Örneğin, mağazanızın 10 kilometre yakınında olan süpermarketlerinizin reklamını yapmak isteyebilirsiniz. Bu gibi durumlarda yakın çevredeki hedefi kullanabilirsiniz.
Yakın çevredeki hedef oluşturma kodu, konum hedefi eklemeye benzer. Tek fark, LocationInfo nesnesi yerine ProximityInfo nesnesi oluşturmanızın gerekmesidir.
Java
private static CampaignCriterion buildProximityLocation(String campaignResourceName) {
Builder builder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName);
ProximityInfo.Builder proximityBuilder = builder.getProximityBuilder();
proximityBuilder.setRadius(10.0).setRadiusUnits(ProximityRadiusUnits.MILES);
AddressInfo.Builder addressBuilder = proximityBuilder.getAddressBuilder();
addressBuilder
.setStreetAddress("38 avenue de l'Opéra")
.setCityName("Paris")
.setPostalCode("75002")
.setCountryCode("FR");
return builder.build();
}
C#
private CampaignCriterion buildProximityCriterion(string campaignResourceName)
{
ProximityInfo proximity = new ProximityInfo()
{
Address = new AddressInfo()
{
StreetAddress = "38 avenue de l'Opéra",
CityName = "Paris",
PostalCode = "75002",
CountryCode = "FR"
},
Radius = 10d,
// Default is kilometers.
RadiusUnits = ProximityRadiusUnits.Miles
};
return new CampaignCriterion()
{
Campaign = campaignResourceName,
Proximity = proximity
};
}
PHP
private static function createProximityCampaignCriterionOperation(string $campaignResourceName)
{
// Constructs a campaign criterion as a proximity.
$campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([
'proximity' => new ProximityInfo([
'address' => new AddressInfo([
'street_address' => '38 avenue de l\'Opéra',
'city_name' => 'Paris',
'postal_code' => '75002',
'country_code' => 'FR',
]),
'radius' => 10.0,
// Default is kilometers.
'radius_units' => ProximityRadiusUnits::MILES
]),
'campaign' => $campaignResourceName
]);
return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]);
}
Python
def create_proximity_op(client, customer_id, campaign_id):
campaign_service = client.get_service("CampaignService")
# Create the campaign criterion.
campaign_criterion_operation = client.get_type("CampaignCriterionOperation")
campaign_criterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create
campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path(
customer_id, campaign_id
)
campaign_criterion.proximity.address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opera"
campaign_criterion.proximity.address.city_name = "Paris"
campaign_criterion.proximity.address.postal_code = "75002"
campaign_criterion.proximity.address.country_code = "FR"
campaign_criterion.proximity.radius = 10
# Default is kilometers.
campaign_criterion.proximity.radius_units = (
client.enums.ProximityRadiusUnitsEnum.MILES
)
return campaign_criterion_operation
Ruby
def create_proximity(client, customer_id, campaign_id)
client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion|
criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id)
criterion.proximity = client.resource.proximity_info do |proximity|
proximity.address = client.resource.address_info do |address|
address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opéra"
address.city_name = "Paris"
address.postal_code = "75002"
address.country_code = "FR"
end
proximity.radius = 10
proximity.radius_units = :MILES
end
end
end
Perl
sub create_proximity_campaign_criterion_operation {
my ($campaign_resource_name) = @_;
# Construct a campaign criterion as a proximity.
my $campaign_criterion =
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({
proximity => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Common::ProximityInfo->new({
address => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Common::AddressInfo->new({
streetAddress => "38 avenue de l'Opéra",
cityName => "cityName",
postalCode => "75002",
countryCode => "FR"
}
),
radius => 10.0,
# Default is kilometers.
radiusUnits => MILES
}
),
campaign => $campaign_resource_name
});
return
Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation
->new({
create => $campaign_criterion
});
}
Coğrafi hedefleri alma
Bir kampanyanın coğrafi hedeflerini GoogleAdsService.SearchStream kullanarak alabilirsiniz. WHERE ifadesindeki sonuçlarınıza filtre uygulayabilirsiniz.
SELECT
campaign_criterion.campaign,
campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant,
campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.longitude_in_micro_degrees,
campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.latitude_in_micro_degrees,
campaign_criterion.proximity.radius,
campaign_criterion.negative
FROM campaign_criterion
WHERE
campaign_criterion.campaign = 'customers/{customer_id}/campaigns/{campaign_id}'
AND campaign_criterion.type IN (LOCATION, PROXIMITY)
Coğrafi hedefleri güncelle
Bir kampanyanın konum hedeflerini güncellemek için mevcut coğrafi hedeflerin listesini almanız ve bunu yeni hedeflerin listesiyle karşılaştırmanız gerekir. Ardından, ihtiyacınız olmayan hedefleri kaldırmak için remove işlemini, ihtiyacınız olan (ancak mevcut kampanyada bulunmayan) yeni coğrafi hedefleri eklemek için de create işlemini kullanabilirsiniz.
Coğrafi hedefleri hariç tutma
Ayrıca LocationInfo öğesini de hariç tutabilirsiniz ancak ProximityInfo öğesini hariç tutamazsınız. Bu özellik en çok, bir bölgeyi hedeflemek ancak bir alt bölgeyi hariç tutmak istediğinizde (örneğin, New York City hariç tüm ABD'yi hedeflemek için) yararlıdır. Bir bölgeyi hariç tutmak için CampaignCriterion içindeki negative alanını true olarak ayarlayın.
Birden çok coğrafi bölgeyi hedefleme
LocationGroupInfo kullanarak bir kampanyayı birden çok coğrafi bölgeyi hedefleyecek şekilde etkinleştirebilirsiniz. Bölgenin merkezinde, kampanyanın yer
uzantılarıyla tanımlanan konumların merkezi bulunur.
LocationGroupInfo öğesinde tanımlanan yarıçap, her konumun etrafında dairesel bir bölge belirtir ve bir radius nesne, uzunluk ve metre ya da mil (LocationGroupRadiusUnitsEnum) olabilen radius_units ürününden oluşur.
LocationGroupInfo içindeki konumlar, geo_target_constant alanında belirtilen bir coğrafi hedefleme ölçüt kimlikleri listesine göre filtrelenebilir. Tanımlanırsa belirtilen ölçüt kimliklerinin dışında bulunan hiçbir konum hedeflenmez.